HIST 219 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Sefer Torah, Ottoman Empire, French Revolution
23 Dec 2018
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Last class: most jews in the land of europe were poor, even among this group there is a desire to burst through or break the traditional community, to push the limits of rabbinic authority. 2 profound changes: advent of the enlightenment, the french revolution, historians see this two changes as the beginning of the modern nation state, debates about diversity cut to the heart of problems we wrestle with today. In france enlightenment thinkers were mostly concerned to think about politics. In germany, enlightenment focused on freedom of faith: enlightenment thinkers insist that knowledge is not just a product of divine revelation, according to these thinkers knowledge is not the possession of one single faith. Instead all human beings can arrive at truth if they think clearly. The role jews played: the jews in german lands, berlin encouraged minority groups to come into the city as long as they were.
