EDKP 261 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Microcephaly, Trisomy, Birth Weight

• School: McGill University
• Department: Kinesiology and Physical Ed
• Course: EDKP 261
• Professor: Benoit Gentil

Document Summary

Genetic and extrinsic factors combine to influence growth and aging. Educators and therapists can make tasks developmentally appropriate. Universality patterns that hold for all humans. Embryo or fetus is sensitive to extrinsic factors. Continued growth by hyperplasia (cell number) and hypertrophy(cell size) Cephalocaudal (head to toe) and proximodistal (near to far) Plasticity (capability of taking on a new function) The placenta: an interface between mother and fetus. Multiple villi: increase of the surface of exchange. Oxygen and nutrients diffuse between fetal and maternal blood in placenta. Poor maternal health status can affect fetus as the fetus may receive toxic or teratogenic substances. Source of abnormality can be genetic or extrinsic. Congenital defects (present at birth) can derive from genetic or extrinsic source: genetic disability trisomy 21. Genetic causes: can be dominant disorders (gene from one parent) or recessive disorder (defective gene from each parent, can result from mutation of a gene, effects on growth and maturation are variable.