BIOL 115 Lecture 3: 1-Summary of BIOL 112, 2010
25 Jun 2016
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Proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates are called macromolecules because they can form huge polymers: macromolecules are made the same way in all living things and are present in all organisms in roughly the same proportions. This biochemical unity allows organisms to acquire needed biochemical"s by eating other organisms. Creation/distruction of macromolecules: know polymerization, condensation . H-monomer-oh + h-monomer-oh (enzyme) h-polymer-oh + h2o (1 per covalent bond: know depolymerization, hydrolysis. H-polymer-oh + h2o h-monomer-oh + h-monomer-oh etc. Isomers are molecules that have the same chemical formula but different arrangements of the atoms: know structural isomers, and optical isomers, carbohydrates (sugars) act as energy storage and building blocks for other molecules (nucleic acids) Serve as structural components (wood: attached to many membrane proteins and lipids and sometimes provided identity to cells (human blood. Three major categories: monosaccharides, disaccharides 2 monosaccharides, polysaccharides 100s-1000s. General structure: general formula for a carbohydrate monomer is multiples of ch2o.
