PHIL-125 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Deductive Reasoning, Causal Inference, Star Wars Holiday Special
1 Mar 2016
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Deductive: if someone accepts the premise, it is logically impossible to accept the conclusion. Inductive: if someone accepts the premise, it is likely they will accept the conclusion. The conclusion is most often listed first, as people usually state their point first and reasons after. However, the conclusion can be last or in the middle. Hypothetical syllogisms (a premise is a conditional statement) Ex: if there is frost on the ground, then some plants will die. So if there is frost on the ground, we can conclude that some plants will die. Disjunctive syllogisms (a premise is a disjunctive statement) A disjunctive statement is a statement of the form where either a or b are statements. Ex: either you support the allowance of extra measures for the police, or you don"t support the allowance of extra measures for the police. Categorical syllogisms (every statement starts with all , no , or some )
