PSYC-1105EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Neuroplasticity, Basal Ganglia, Prefrontal Cortex
6 Dec 2016
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Neurons: cells in the nervous system that communicate with one another to perform information-processing tasks (allow you to have connections, do not regrow) Sensory neurons: neurons that receive information from the external world and convey this information to the brain. Motor neurons: neurons that carry signals from the spinal cord to the muscles to produce movement. Interneurons: neurons that connect sensory neurons, motor neurons, or other interneurons. Myelin sheath an insulating layer of fatty material (covers the axon) Glial cells the myelin sheath consists of glial cells. They are support cells found within the nervous system. There are 10 to 50 times as many glial cells than neurons. Provide physical and nutritional support for neurons. Others form myelin to insulate the axon (to more effectively transmit signals) Synapse (synaptic cleft) junction or region between the axon of one neuron, and the dendrites (or cell body) of another they do not actually touch each other!
