NRS 204 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Congenital Heart Defect, Thrombus, Palpation
Document Summary
Part (i) heart and neck vessels: define: Angina pectoris: a result of myocardial ischemia caused by an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and oxygen demand. Apex of the heart: the pointed end of the heart, which is directed anteriorly, inferiorly, and to the left. Apical impulse: visible pulsation on the front left chest wall caused by systolic contraction of the left ventricle. Usually in 4-5 intercostal space at midclavicular line. Base of the heart: the broad portion of the heart opposite the apex; which is directed posteriorly, superiorly, and to the right. At the left and right 2nd interspace, close to the sternum. The two atria form the base of the heart. Bradycardia: a condition in which the heart contracts at a rate less than 60/min in adults and less than. Central cyanosis: increased amount of unsaturated hemoglobin as a result of chronic heart and lung diseases.
