PSYC 455 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Sumatriptan, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, Serotonin Transporter
26 Apr 2018
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PSYC 455
Lecture 18 – Serotonin
• Serotonin (5-Hydroxyl Tryptamine; 5-HT)
1. Implications:
a. Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter implicated in:
- Regulating blood pressure
- Psychopathologies:
i. Affective disorders
ii. Eating disorders
iii. OCD
iv. Phobias
v. Sleeping disorders
- Migraines:
i. Medication (IMITREX):
5-HT1 agonist:
Stimulates the 5-HT1D and 5-HT1E receptors to inhibit
calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP; i.e. acts on the pain
neurons and sensitizes them)
- Sexual behavior:
i. 5-HT in the hypothalamus is important for sexual behavior:
Rat studies:
There is a peak of 5-HT in the hippocampus after a sex act
Giving a rat a 5-HT agoist or atagoist we are’t sure) in
the hippocampus turns off the sexual response
2. Synthesis:
a. Tryptophan (obtained from our diets; specific BBB carrier brings it to our brain) is
converted to 5-HTP by the enzyme Tryptophan Hydroxylase (rate limiting step;
requires O2 and BH4), which is then converted to Serotonin (5-HT) by the enzyme
AADC (Aromatic Amino Decarboxylase)
b. In the Pinel Gland, one extra step occurs:
- 5-HT turns into melatonin by 5-HT N-Acetylase enzyme (i.e. melatonin is
made from serotonin):
i. Thanksgiving dinner myth (i.e. people get tired after eating a big
meal):
Although big meals might be rich in tryptophan, many other
proteins are using the tryptophan BBB carrier to reach the brain
(i.e. not only tryptophan is reaching the brain)
3. Termination:
a. Two mechanisms to terminate 5-HT signaling:
- Metabolized via MAO:
i. Breaks 5-HT down into 5-HIAA (i.e. its primary metabolite)
- Through reuptake via the SERT (serotonin transporter):
i. Primary termination:
Highly regulated via:
Phosphorylation (i.e. to change its dynamics to prevent the
SERT from reuptaking 5-HT)
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Document Summary
Lecture 18 serotonin: serotonin (5-hydroxyl tryptamine; 5-ht, implications, serotonin is an important neurotransmitter implicated in: Stimulates the 5-ht1d and 5-ht1e receptors to inhibit calcitonin gene related peptide (cgrp; i. e. acts on the pain neurons and sensitizes them) 5-ht in the hypothalamus is important for sexual behavior: There is a peak of 5-ht in the hippocampus after a sex act. Aadc (aromatic amino decarboxylase: in the pinel gland, one extra step occurs: 5-ht turns into melatonin by 5-ht n-acetylase enzyme (i. e. melatonin is made from serotonin): Thanksgiving dinner myth (i. e. people get tired after eating a big meal): Although big meals might be rich in tryptophan, many other proteins are using the tryptophan bbb carrier to reach the brain (i. e. not only tryptophan is reaching the brain: termination, two mechanisms to terminate 5-ht signaling: Breaks 5-ht down into 5-hiaa (i. e. its primary metabolite) Through reuptake via the sert (serotonin transporter): Phosphorylation (i. e. to change its dynamics to prevent the.
