POLI 205 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Common Agricultural Policy, European Atomic Energy Community, Robert Schuman
15 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
The European Union I
November 22nd, 2017
-International integration is the process by which supranational institutions come to replace national
institutions
-Sovereignty shifts gradually upward from the state to regional or global structures.
-The European Union is the preeminent case of regional integration in the world.
History of the European Union
-After World War II, Europe was in ruins.
-In 1950, Robert Schuman, the foreign minister of France, proposed the merger of the French and West
Gera steel ad oal idustries i order to use the two outries’ oal resoures ad steel ills ore
efficiently
-A merger would also prevent a fourth major Franco-German war from breaking out.
-In 1952, the Schuman plan led to the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC),
which included France, West Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg.
-The Benelux countries had already created the Benelux Customs Union in 1948
-These six states reduced their trade barriers in coal and steel, and coordinated their coal and steel
policies.
-In 1957, The Treaty of Rome was signed by France, West Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, and
Luxembourg.
-On January 1, 1958, two institutions were born: the European Economic Community (EEC), and the
European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom).
-Euratom coordinates nuclear power development between the member states.
-The Treaty of Rome called for the gradual evolution of the EEC into a common market, where member
states allow labor and capital to flow freely across borders.
-But the EEC became first a free-trade area, where tariffs and restrictions on the movement of goods
across borders were lifted a few years after the establishment of the EEC.
-In 1968, the EEC evolved into a customs union, where there is free trade between the member states,
and the member states adopt a unified set of tariffs with regard to imports from states outside the EEC.
-The EEC adopted a Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in 1962, which produced a common market in
agriculture and equalized subsidies to farmers in all of the member states.
-In 1985, the Schengen Agreement introduced the free movement of labor in West Germany, France,
Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg
-Completely free movement of capital was introduced in 1990.
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Document Summary
International integration is the process by which supranational institutions come to replace national institutions. Sovereignty shifts gradually upward from the state to regional or global structures. The european union is the preeminent case of regional integration in the world. After world war ii, europe was in ruins. In 1950, robert schuman, the foreign minister of france, proposed the merger of the french and west. Ger(cid:373)a(cid:374) steel a(cid:374)d (cid:272)oal i(cid:374)dustries i(cid:374) order to use the two (cid:272)ou(cid:374)tries" (cid:272)oal resour(cid:272)es a(cid:374)d steel (cid:373)ills (cid:373)ore efficiently. A merger would also prevent a fourth major franco-german war from breaking out. In 1952, the schuman plan led to the establishment of the european coal and steel community (ecsc), which included france, west germany, italy, the netherlands, belgium, and luxembourg. The benelux countries had already created the benelux customs union in 1948. These six states reduced their trade barriers in coal and steel, and coordinated their coal and steel policies.
