PHIL 210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Misleading Graph, Confidence Interval, Spurious Relationship
Document Summary
Fallacies: way of arguing that is unreliable. Any structurally invalid argument is logically fallacious; its premises do not suffice to logically determine the truth of its conclusion. Therefore, it is not the case that q. Both these fallacies ignore the possibility that the consequent of a conditional is true even when its antecedent is false. Fallacy of equivocation: it disguises an invalid inference by using a single expression in two different ways to argue by switching between meanings. Presented as deductively valid, but they fail. Example: there should be no publication bans in the case of sensational violent crimes. There is a lot of public interest in these cases, and the media should report on what is in the public interest . Evidential fallacies are defined in terms of the failure to show its conclusion to be reasonably likely. We have no evidence that p. therefore, it is not the case that p.
