BIOL 2104 Lecture 14: Lectures 14 and 15 Summary and Problem Set 2014
19 Dec 2015
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Difference between a forward mutation" and a reversion mutation". The types of mutations: point mutations/base substitutions (transitions vs. transversions), insertions/deletions, inversions, epigenetic. That large-scale chromosomal mutations are possible (e. g. translocations, duplications, changes in chromosome number) Consequences of spontaneous mutations: depurination, deamination, radiation damage (cosmic/x-ray/uv light), oxidative damage, dna polymerase errors. *no need to memorize chemical reactions, but rather predict the types of mutations based on nature of mutagen and/or given base-pairing alterations. Mechanisms and consequences of induced mutations: excess radiation, base analogs, alkylating agents, intercalating agents. *no need to memorize chemical structures of mutagens or chemical reactions, but rather predict the types of mutations given nature of mutagen and/or given base-pairing alterations. Sources of accuracy during dna replication: fidelity of replicases due to 3" to 5" exonuclease activities (e. g. e. coli dna pol i and dna pol iii) Application of the complementation test to determine whether mutants are allelic or are mutants of different genes.
