BIOL 3P30 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Succinic Acid, Hematocrit, Painted Turtle
22 Aug 2015
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Neuroglobin: in neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system much lower in concentration in mammalian retina) Myoglobin found in muscles cells; reversibly binds oxygen and aids in transport and storage marine mammals hypoxia known. Myoglobin facilitates skeletal muscle aerobic metabolism during long dives. Neuroglobin- myoglobin orthologue expressed in brain that might also function in. Cytoglobin- myoglobin orthologue widely expressed and whose function(s) is not yet. Facultative anaerobes: normally aerobic but can utilize anaerobic metabolic pathways extensively and effectively when necessary. Mechanisms for metabolic rate suppression: well-developed anaerobic metabolic pathways. All of the main atp consumers are turned down in the facultative anaerobe. In some species the duration of hypoxia/anoxia can be extreme (western painted turtle) Remaining atp demand is met by fermentation of stored glycogen. This store takes up 10% of liver weight. Evolution of unique enzymes catalyzing alternative fermentation of glucose ( some of which yield atp) in molluscs. Fermentation of amino acids to various endproducts in molluscs.
