BIOL 2P97 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Breathing, Bronchus, Bronchiole

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raspberrycrab608

12 Jan 2016

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Defined as bulk flow of air from the atmosphere to the alveoli. Lung volumes during ventilation fig 17. 7 b: tidal volume: air that moves with normal inspiration/expiration (500ml per breath for normal person, inspiratory reserve volume: additional volume that could be breathed in (extra. 3l: expiratory reserve volume: air that could be forcefully exhaled after a normal expiration, residual volume: volume left in the respiratory system after maximum exhalation. Lung capacities: the sum of 2 or more volumes. Inspiratory capacity: tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume. Vital capacity: tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume +expiratory reserve volume (no residual volume) ** mc question. Basic principles [look at textbook for breathing/lung pictures] Air always travels from an area of high pressure to low pressure. Intrapulmonary pressure and volume (pressure in the lungs) Intrapleural pressure (seen as negative pressure(not a true negative-can"t have that) less than the atmosphere) Elastic recoil of lungs (pulling the lungs inwards)

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1. Match the word 1-39 above, with the descriptions labled a-t. Word 1-39 can be uses only one please!!

1. alveolar macrophages 2. alveoli 3. Bohr effect 4. bronchi 5. bronchiole 6. cerebral cortex 7. chloride shift 8. compliance 9. costal breathing 10. Daltonâs law 11. diaphragmatic breathing 12. epiglottis 13. eupnea 14. expiratory reserve volume 15. fauces 16. functional residual capacity 17. Haldane effect 18. Henryâs law 19. hilum 20. hypothalamus 21. inferior, middle, and superior nasal meatuses 22. inspiratory capacity 23. larynx 24. limbic system 25. medulla oblongata 26. nose 27. paranasal sinuses 28. pharynx 29. pleural membranes 30. pons 31. primary bronchus 32. secondary bronchus 33. surface tension 34. surfactant 35. terminal bronchiole 36. tertiary bronchus 37. total lung capacity 38. trachea 39. vital capacity

a) -------------------- serves as a sound resonating chamber; contains tonsils; directs air inferiorly

b) ------------------- passes air from pharynx into windpipe; site of sound production

c) ------------------ resonate(s) sound; not part of pharynx

D) ------------------ opening from oral cavity into pharynx

E) ----------------- carries air to a segment of a lung

F) -------------------- carries air directly into a respiratory bronchiole

G) ----------------- surround the lungs

H) ------------------ reduces surface tension at sites of gas exchange

i) -------------------- actual sites of gas exchange

j) --------------------- normal, quiet breathing

k) ----------------------- shallow breathing using just the external intercostal muscles

l) ------------------ amount of effort required to expand the lungs and chest wall

m) ------------------- tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume, usually about 3600 mL in males

n) ----------------- tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume; usually about 4800 mL in males

o) ------------------- residual volume + expiratory reserve volume; usually about 2400 mL in males

p) -------------------- states that the amount of gas that will dissolve in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas and its solubility

q) ---------------- when pH decreases, O₂ saturation of hemoglobin decreases

r) ------------------ each gas in a mixture of gases exerts its own partial pressure

s) ------------------- sets basic rhythm of breathing

t) ------------------------ includes the pontine respiratory group

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BIOL 2P97 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Breathing, Bronchus, Bronchiole

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