BIOL 2P03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Peripheral Membrane Protein, Integral Membrane Protein, Active Transport

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6 Feb 2017

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Ion channels are made up of carbohydrates: what ion is responsible for the rapid depolarization produced during an action potential, k, na, wants to move inside the cell, depolarization, hco3, mg2, a and b. What is an ion: a charged molecule, obtains a charge by gaining or losing an electron. What are the concentration gradients for these ions: phosphate used for phosphorylation. Moves via transporters and pumps: calcium. Concentration gradient similar to sodium (concentrated outside) Activates secretion, and muscle contractions: bicarbonate (used to buffer solutions blood) Moves via transporters and pumps: example of pumps. Directly using energy from atp to pump molecules across the membrane. Uses energy of one ion to move another ion in the cell: na+/ca2+ exchanger uses energy of na+ going into the cell to move. The rate of movement is faster when using ion channels as opposed to using pumps and transporters. Gated ion channels (opens or closes in response to the stimulus)

Related Questions

1. Which one of the following cannot be transported into a typical mammalian cell by facilitated transport even though its import might be thermodynamically favored?

A. Na⁺

B. Ca²⁺

C. Fe³⁺

D. H₂O

E. C₆H₁₂O₆

2. What do uniporters and ion channels have in common?

A. Both facilitate transport of molecules down concentration gradients.
B. Both are gated.
C. Both undergo transformations between inward-facing and outward-facing conformations during each transport cycle.
D. Both facilitate transport of molecules against concentration gradients.
E. Both transport molecules at comparable rates.

3. What specifically defines a cotransporter as an antiporter?

A. Both molecules are imported into the cell.
B. Both molecules are exported out of the cell.
C. Both molecules move down their concentration gradients.
D. One molecule is transported against its concentration gradient & the other is transported down its concentration gradient.
E. One molecule is imported and the other molecule is exported.

4. True or False: Transport directed by uniporters is reversible and the direction of of transport will change if the direction of the concentration gradient changes.

True

False

TRUE OR FALSE? Correct the statement if it is false.

1.) A shallow concentration gradient limits the rate of facilitated diffusion

2.) Symport and antiport are coupled transport systems in which energy released by moving an ion from a region of high concentration to low concentration is used to move a solute against its concentration gradient

3.) Transport of siderophore-ion complexes into the cell requires the hydrolysis of PEP

4.) Both ABC transport and PTS transport are modular systems which ceoncentrate the substrate in the cell

Match each term

1.facilitated diffusion 2. Hypertonic solution
3. Hypotonic solution
4. Active Transport
5. Secondary acive transport
6. Simple Diffusion

A.	The transport of a nonpolar molar across a biological membrane from the compartment with a high concentration to one with low concentration.
B.	A process that utilizes energy to move compounds against a concentration gradient, i.e., from the compartment with lower concentration to one with a higher concentration.
C.	a solution that would cause blood cells to swell and burst
D.	a solution that would cause red blood cells to shrink
E.	The transport of a hydrophilic molecule across a biological membrane using an ion gradient created by an electrogenic pump.
F.	A process by which compounds are transported from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration using membrane proteins as transporters.

BIOL 2P03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Peripheral Membrane Protein, Integral Membrane Protein, Active Transport

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