BIOL 1F90 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Balancing Selection, Neutral Theory Of Molecular Evolution, Guppy
Document Summary
Study of genes and genotypes in a population. Want to know: extent of genetic variation, why it exists, how it is maintained, and, how it changes over the course of many generations. Helps us understand how genetic variation is related to phenotypic variation. Genotype: set of alleles that determines (in part) the expression of a particular trait. Phenotype: physical (or biochemical) expression of a trait based on genes + environment. All of the alleles for every gene in a given population. Study genetic variation within the gene pool and how variation changes from one generation to the next. Emphasis is often on variation in alleles between members of a population. Group of individuals of the same species that occupy the same environment and can interbreed with one another. Some species occupy a wide geographic range and are divided into discrete populations.