BIOL 1123 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Genomics, Telomere, Centromere
Document Summary
Genome: complete genetic makeup of a cell or an organism. It stores information in the form of genes which provide a blueprint to produce the characteristics of organisms. It is copies and transmitted from generation to generation. The accumulation of genetic changes over many generations produces evolutionary changes that alter species and create new species. Proteomes: entire complement of proteins that a cell or an organism can make. Genomes and proteomes are characteristics of living organisms whereas genomics and proteomics are experimental approaches to studying genomes and proteomes. The origin of the first eukaryotic cell involved the union between an archaeal and a bacterial cell. Prokaryotic genomes lack centromeres and telomeres and have a single origin of replication. They have relatively little dna and have plasmids. Sequencing genomes allows us to identify and characterize the genes of model organisms. This helps us gather more information in order to identify and treat human diseases.