PSYC1101 Lecture 8: Motivation-and-Emotion
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Motivation: a process that influences the direction, persistence and vigour of goal-directed behaviour. Instincts: an inherited characteristic common to all members of a species that automatically produces a particular response to a particular stimulus: does(cid:374)(cid:859)t ha(cid:448)e e(cid:374)ough e(cid:448)ide(cid:374)(cid:272)e. Because people are greedy: now study genetics that might underlie "hard-wired" mechanisms of behaviour, gene knock-out studies, twin and adaptation studies. Homeostasis: a state of internal physiological equilibrium that the body strives to maintain. Drives: states of internal tension that motivate the organism to behave in ways that reduce the tension. The idea of drives is less influential today: motivation in humans is much more complex, humans can behave to increase drives (dieting, watching horror movies) Behavioural activation system (bas: activated by signals of potential reward and gratification of needs. Produces movement toward positive goals in anticipation of pleasure. Behavioural inhibition system (bis: activated by signals of potential non-reinforcement, pain and punishment.
