ESH340 Lecture 4: Week 4- Contemporary Issues-FASD
9 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Reading
!!!"#$%&'(()&%*(+,&%-.(&/$.(&0--)$+1&2/&2&#(20/#3'(00!4($+1&/-*$5&/#2/&$%&-6&
$+/(7(%/&/-&8-9:&;&1--,&*025(&/-&%/27/&
$% #//*%<33''':#(20/#,$7(5/:1-=:293)$,%!#(20/#
▪
This+Weeks+Quote
---I+am+not+what+happened+to+me. I+am+what+I+choose+to+be:&Carl+Gustav+Jung
▪
Learning+Outcomes
!!!"#$% '(()&/#( 6-59%$%&-+ >(/20&;05-#-0&?8+,7-.(&@>;?AB&2+,&-/#(7&
5-+/(.*-7278&$%%9(%&/#2/&8-9&'$00&(+5-9+/(7&$+&8-97&527((7: C8&/#(&(+,&-6&
8-97&0(27+$+1&/#$% '(()&8-9&'$00=(&.2,( *7-17(%%&-+&/#(&6-00-'$+1&
D(27+$+1&E9/5-.(%<
F:&GH*02$+&)(8&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1&,(42/(%&2+,&%-975(%&67-.&2&57$/$520&
*(7%*(5/$=(:
▪
I:&;+208%(&2+,&,$%59%%&/#7-91#&%*(5$6$5&7(%-975(%&2+,&/(25#$+1&%/72/(1$(%&
5-+/(.*-7278&2%*(5/%&-6&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
J:&K7$/$52008&7(60(5/&-+&/#(&2%%9.*/$-+%&/#2/&9+,(7*$+&*(7%-+20&2+,&
*7-6(%%$-+20&*725/$5(&2%&/#(8&7(02/(&/-&#(20/#L&%26(/8&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
M:&;+208%(&2+,&(=2092/(&5977(+/&(=$,(+5(!42%(,&%-975(%&/-&$009%/72/(&*(7%-+20&
2+,&%-5$20&,(/(7.$+2+/%&-6&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
Topic+Overview
!!!"#(7(&27(&.2+8&27(2%&$+&/#$%&/-*$5:&N(&'$00&6-59%&-+&%-.(&)(8&,(/(7.$+2+/%&
-6&#(20/#:&
!!!N(&5-90,=(&5-=(7(,&/-*$5%&%95#&2%&#(20/#&%/2/9%&2+,&-9/5-.(%L&7$%)&2+,&
*7-/(5/$=(&625/-7%&$+609(+5$+1&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1L&(2708&0(27+$+1&2+,&
(,952/$-+L&62.$08&2+,&5-..9+$/8&(+=$7-+.(+/%L&%26(/8&2+,&%(597$/8&2+,&
%8%/(.&*(76-7.2+5(:
!!!"#(&(2708&8(27%&-6&2&5#$0,O%&0$6(&*7-=$,(&/#(&6-9+,2/$-+&6-7&69/97(&#(2/#L&
,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&'(004($+1
!!!P--,&#(20/#&$%&2+&$.*-7/2+/&(0(.(+/&$+&2&5#$0,O%&Q920$/8&-6&0$6(&2%&$/&52+&
$+609(+5(&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&.2+8&2%*(5/%&-6&0$6(L&$+509,$+1&%5#--0$+1&2+,&
7(57(2/$-+:
!!!R(20/#8&5#$0,&,(=(0-*.(+/&#(0*%&/-&*7(=(+/&,$%(2%(&4-/#&$+&/#(&%#-7/&2+,&
0-+1&/(7.L&'#$0(&*-%$/$=(&(2708&0(27+$+1&(H*(7$(+5(%& %/$.902/(&472$+&
,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&$.*7-=(&0(27+$+1&-9/5-.(%&6-7&5#$0,7(+:
▪
S+62+/&2+,&5#$0,&,(2/#72/(%&*7-=$,(&$+%$1#/&$+/-&/#(&%-5$20&2+,&(+=$7-+.(+/20&5-+,$/$-+%&$+&'#$5#&5#$0,7(+&
17-'&2+,&,(=(0-*:
▪
A(2/#&72/(%=(&.-7(&/#2+=(,&6-7&;9%/720$2+&$+62+/%&2+,&5#$0,7(+&4(/'((+&FTUV&2+,&IWFW&@67-.&U:U&
/-&M:I&,(2/#%&*(7&FLWWW&0$=(&4$7/#%
▪
!!!;9%/720$2%&7(,95(,&$+62+/&2+,&5#$0,&,(2/#%L&*27/$5902708&/#7-91#&/#(&'-7)&-6&+(-+2/20&$+/(+%$=(&527(&9+$/%L&
$+57(2%(,&5-..9+$/8&2'27(+(%%&-6&/#(&7$%)&625/-7%&6-7&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(&@?SA?BL&2+,&7(,95/$-+%&$+&
=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%&/#7-91#&+2/$-+20&5#$0,#--,&$..9+$%2/$-+&*7-172.%:
C7(2%/6((,$+1 *7-=$,(%&/#(&4(%/&+9/7$/$-+20&%/27/&6-7&$+62+/%&2+,&*7-.-/(%&/#($7&#(20/#8&17-'/#&2+,&
,(=(0-*.(+/:
▪
;0.-%/&I&$+&X&@JTYB&424$(%&'(7(&(H509%$=(08&47(2%/6(,&/-&27-9+,&M .-+/#%
▪
!!!"#(7(&$%&17-'$+1&(=$,(+5(&/#2/&47(2%/6((,$+1&.28=(&'$,(!72+1$+1&4(+(6$/%&$+&$+62+58&2+,&02/(7&$+&0$6(L&
$+509,$+1&$.*7-=(,&.-/#(7Z$+62+/&4-+,$+1[&*7-/(5/$-+&212$+%/&$+6(5/$-9%&,$%(2%(%[&2+,&7(,95(,&7$%)&-6&%9,,(+&
$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(L&"8*(&F&,$24(/(%&2+,&%-.(&5#$0,#--,&52+5(7%:&S+&;9%/720$2&2+,&$+/(7+2/$-+2008L&$/&$%&
7(5-..(+,(,&/#2/&$+62+/%&4(&(H509%$=(08&47(2%/6(,&9*&/-&V&.-+/#%&-6&21(:
P--,&-720&#(20/# $+&5#$0,#--,&5-+/7$49/(%&/-&4(//(7&'(004($+1&2+,&$.*7-=(,&,(+/20&-9/5-.(%&$+&
2,90/#--,L&7(%90/$+1&$+&0(%%&,(528&2+,&/#(&0-%%&-6&6('(7&+2/9720&/((/#:
▪
MXY&-6 V&8(27&-0,% 2+,&JTY&-6 FI&8(27&-0,% #2,&,(+/20&,(528&$+&IWW\:
▪
!!!;%& '(00&2%&/#(&*2$+L&,$%5-.6-7/&2+,&,$66$590/$(%&$+&(2/$+1&/#2/&27(&529%(,&48&,(+/20&,$%(2%(L&*--7&-720&#(20/#&52+&
266(5/&-97&Q920$/8&-6&0$6(L&%-5$20&$+/(725/$-+%&2+,&%(06!(%/((.:&K#$0,7(+&'$/#&*--7&,(+/20&#(20/#&.28&,(.-+%/72/(&
*7-40(.%&$+&4(#2=$-97L&*((7&$+/(725/$-+&2+,&%5#--0&24%(+5(%L&'#$5#&$+&/97+&52+&+(12/$=(08&266(5/&252,(.$5&
*(76-7.2+5(:&]-%/&,(+/20&,$%(2%(%&27(&0271(08&*7(=(+/240(L&49/&20/#-91#&/#(&*7(=20(+5(&-6&,(+/20&,(528&$+&
;9%/720$2+&5#$0,7(+&2**(27%&/-&4(&,(57(2%$+1&-=(7&/$.(L&7$%)&625/-7%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&,$(/LQ$(+(&2+,&-720&527(&
7(.2$+:
"#(&(2708&8(27%&-6&2&5#$0,O%&0$6(&27(&$.*-7/2+/&6-7&0$/(7258 %)$00%:&^(2,$+1&/-&5#$0,7(+&5-+/7$49/(%&/-&/#(&(2708&
,(=(0-*.(+/&-6&=-52490278&2+,&0$%/(+$+1&5-.*7(#(+%$-+:
▪
;0.-%/&J&$+&M&@\MYB&5#$0,7(+&9+,(7&I&'(7(&7(2,&/-&-7&/-0,&%/-7$(%&7(1902708&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!D(27+$+1&/-&7(2,&266(5/%&2&5#$0,O%&'(004($+1:&_--7&7(2,$+1&%)$00%&52+&2,=(7%(08&266(5/&%5#--0&*(76-7.2+5(L&'$/#&/#(&
(66(5/%&02%/$+1&$+/-&2,90/#--,:&^(2,$+1&/-&5#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&(2708&8(27%&$%&7(127,(,&2%&2&0$)(08&2$,&/-&0$/(7258&%955(%%:
K#$0,7(+&(+/(7$+1&%5#--0 '$/#&42%$5&%)$00%&6-7&0$6(&2+,&0(27+$+1=(&#$1#(7&0(=(0%&-6&%-5$20&5-.*(/(+5(&2+,&
252,(.$5 25#$(=(.(+/L 2+,&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&(H*(7$(+5(&2&%955(%%690&/72+%$/$-+&/-&*7$.278&%5#--0:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&M&5#$0,7(+&'(7(&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&=90+(7240(&2/&%5#--0&(+/78:
▪
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27( 7(1902708&24%(+/&67-.&%5#--0 .28&.$%%&-9/&-+&57$/$520&%/21(%&-6&0(27+$+1&2+,&,(=(0-*.(+/&
2+,&27(&0(%%&0$)(08&/-&25#$(=(&(,952/$-+20&2+,&0$6(&%955(%%:
▪
;//(+,2+5(&72/(%&6-7&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&72+1(,&67-.&UMY&/-&TXY&6-7&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&257-%%&%5#--0&%(5/-7%&
2+,&%/2/(%&2+,&/(77$/-7$(%&$+&IWWT:
▪
!!!A$66(7(+5(%&$+&5#$0,7(+O%&,(=(0-*.(+/&(.(71(&(2708&2+,&27(&(=$,(+/&48&/#(&/$.(&/#(8&7(25#&%5#--0:&K#$0,7(+&'#-&
(+/(7&%5#--0&'#(+&/#(8&27(&+-/&7(2,8&6-7&/#$%&/8*(&-6&(,952/$-+20&%(//$+1=(&0-'(7&0(=(0%&-6&252,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/&2+,&27(&2/&2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&/((+21(&*27(+/#--,L&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&1(//$+1&$+/-&/7-940(&
'$/#&/#(&02'&2+,&*--7(7&a-4&-9/5-.(%:
D$/(7258&2+,&+9.(7258&%)$00% (+240(&5#$0,7(+&/-&(+121(&$+&0(27+$+1&2+,&90/$.2/(08&/-&69008&*27/$5$*2/(&$+&
%-5$(/8&2+,&0(2,&*7-,95/$=(&0$=(%:
▪
TIY&-6&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&.(/&/#(&.$+$.9.&%/2+,27,&6-7&7(2,$+1&2+,&TMY&6-7&+9.(7258&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!?5#--0&2//(+,2+5(&#(0*%&5#$0,7(+&,(=(0-*&/#(&42%$5&49$0,$+1&40-5)%&6-7&0(27+$+1&2+,&(,952/$-+20&2//2$+.(+/L&2%&
'(00&2%&%-5$20&%)$00%&%95#&2%&6-7.$+1&67$(+,%#$*%:&^(19027&2//(+,2+5(&2+,&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&%5#--0&$%&2&+2/$-+20&
(,952/$-+&1-20:
"((+21(&.-/#(7#--,&*-%(%&%$1+$6$52+/&0-+1!/(7.&7$%)%&6-7&4-/#&.-/#(7&2+,&5#$0,L&$+509,$+1&*--7(7&#(20/#L&
(,952/$-+20&2+,&(5-+-.$5&-9/5-.(%:
▪
F&$+&IX&0$=(&4$7/#%&$+&;9%/720$2&$+&IWWT '(7( /-&/((+21(&.-/#(7%:
▪
D$/(7258&.(2+%&.-7(&/#2+&a9%/&4($+1&240(&/-&7(2,&2+,&'7$/(b$/&$%&7(02/(,&/-&0(27+$+1&$+&200&27(2%&2+,&(+240(%&*(-*0(&
/-&,(=(0-*&)+-'0(,1(&2+,&9+,(7%/2+,$+1:&c9.(7258&$%&20%-&5(+/720&/-&0$6(&$+%$,(&2+,&-9/%$,(%5#--0L 2+,&$%&
$.*-7/2+/&$+&.2+8&-559*2/$-+%&2%&'(00&2%&,2$08&0$6(:
C24$(%&'#-&27(&4-7+&'$/#&0-'&4$7/#&'($1#/27(&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&*--7&#(20/#L&,$%24$0$/8&2+,&,(2/#&/#2+&
-/#(7&424$(%:
▪
F&$+&FV&@V:IYB&0$=(4-7+&424$(%&'($1#(,&0(%%&/#2+&ILXWW 172.% 2/&4$7/#&$+&IWWT:
▪
!!!C24$(%&4-7+&/-&/((+21(&.-/#(7%=(&2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&*7(!/(7.&4$7/#L&0-'4$7/#'($1#/2+,&2%%-5$2/(,&
5-.*0$52/$-+%:&"((+21(&.-/#(7%&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&4(&2&0-+(&*27(+/L&0$=(&$+&27(2%&-6&17(2/(7&,$%2,=2+/21(L&%.-)(&
2+,=(&0-'(7&0(=(0%&-6&(,952/$-+:&N#$0(&+-/&200&/((+21(&4$7/#%&7(%90/&$+&+(12/$=(&-9/5-.(%&6-7&.-/#(7&2+,&5#$0,L&
/#(&625/-7%&/#2/&-6/(+&5-+/7$49/(&/-&/((+21(&4$7/#&.(2+&/#2/&.2+8&8-9+1&.-/#(7%&,-&+-/&7(5($=(&/#(&%9**-7/&/#(8&
+((,&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&2+,&26/(7&/#(&4$7/#:
!!!C$7/#'($1#/&266(5/%&2&4248O%&5#2+5(&-6&%97=$=20&2+,&1--,&#(20/#:&;&4$7/#'($1#/&4(0-'&ILXWW 172.% $%&5-+%$,(7(,&
0-'&2+,&$%&2&)+-'+&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&+(97-0-1$520&2+,&*#8%$520&,$%24$0$/$(%L&'$/#&/#(&7$%)&-6&2,=(7%(&-9/5-.(%&
$+57(2%$+1&'$/#&,(57(2%$+1&4$7/#'($1#/:
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&-=(7'($1#/ -7&-4(%(&27(&2/&7$%)&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&5-+,$/$-+%L&%95#&2%&2%/#.2L&
527,$-=2%59027&5-+,$/$-+%&2+,&"8*(&I&,$24(/(%:
▪
E=(7&F&$+ X&@IJYB&5#$0,7(+&21(,&XZFM&'(7(&-=(7'($1#/&-7&-4(%(&$+&IWW\ZWU:
▪
!!!S+&2,,$/$-+&/-&/#($7&*#8%$520&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&-=(7'($1#/&2+,&-4(%(&5#$0,7(+&27(&67(Q9(+/08&=$5/$.$%(,&2+,&
/(2%(,&48&/#($7&*((7%L&'#$5#&52+&5-+/7$49/(&/-&*--7&*((7&7(02/$-+%#$*%&2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&'(00!4($+1:&K#$0,7(+&'#-&
5-+/$+9(&/-&4(&-=(7'($1#/&-7&-4(%(&$+/-&2,90/#--,&27(&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&5-7-+278&#(27/&,$%(2%(L&%-.(&52+5(7%L&2+,&
2&+9.4(7&-6&-/#(7&#(20/#&,$%-7,(7%:
GH*-%97(&/-&/-4255-&%.-)(*9/%&5#$0,7(+&2/&7$%)&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&$+509,$+1&2%/#.2L&7(%*$72/-78&
/725/&$+6(5/$-+%&2+,&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(:
▪
S+&VY&-6&;9%/720$2+&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+L&%-.(-+(&7(1902708&%.-)(,&$+%$,(&$+&IWFW:
▪
"-4255-&%.-)$+1&$%&/#(&0(2,$+1&529%(&-6&*7(=(+/240(&,(2/#%&$+&;9%/720$2&2+,&27-9+,&/#(&'-70,:&_(-*0(&'#-&
4(1$+&%.-)$+1&2/&2&8-9+1&21(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&5-+/$+9(&%.-)$+1&$+/-&2,90/#--,:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&IX&@J:UYB&%/9,(+/%&21(,&FIZFM&'(7(&%.-)(7%&$+&IWWU:
▪
!!!"-4255-&%.-)(&5-+/2$+%&+9.(7-9%&/-H$5&2+,&52+5(7!529%$+1&5#(.$520%&/#2/&$+57(2%(&/#(&7$%)&-6&2,=(7%(&#(20 /#&
-9/5-.(%&6-7&5#$0,7(+:&"#(7(&$%&+-&%26(&0(=(0&-6&(H*-%97(L&2+,&5#$0,7(+&'$/#&*27(+/%&'#-&%.-)(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&
/2)(&9*&%.-)$+1&02/(7&$+&0$6(:
!!!"-4255-&9%(&529%(%&,2.21(&/-&+(2708&(=(78&-712+&$+&/#( 4-,8L 2+,&7(%90/%&$+&5-+%$,(7240(&$00&#(20/#:&S+&/#(&0-+1&
/(7.L&$/&$%&2&.2a-7&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&2&+9.4(7&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&5-+,$/$-+%&$+509,$+1&5-7-+278&#(27/&,$%(2%(L&5#7-+$5&
-4%/795/$=(&*90.-+278&,$%(2%(L&%/7-)(L&*(7$*#(720&=2%59027&,$%(2%(L&+9.(7-9%&52+5(7%L&2+,&2&+9.4(7&-6&-/#(7&
,$%(2%(%&2+,&5-+,$/$-+%:&]-%/&%.-)(7%&/2)(&9*&/#($/&$+&2,-0(%5(+5(&2+,&/#-%(&'#-&4(1$+&%.-)$+1&'#(+&/#(8&
27(&FI&-7&FJ&%.-)(&.-7(&5$127(//(%&*(7&,28&/#2+&/#-%(&'#-&4(1$+&%.-)$+1&'#(+&/#(8&27(&-0,(7:
?.-)$+1 ,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&$%&2&%$1+$6$52+/&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&/#(&.-/#(7&2+,&#(7&9+4-7+&4248:&S/&$+57(2%(%&/#(&
7$%)&-6&2&72+1(&-6&5-+,$/$-+%L&$+509,$+1&0-'4$7/#'($1#/L&*7(!/(7.&4$7/#L&*025(+/20&5-.*0$52/$-+%&2+,&
*(7$+2/20&.-7/20$/8:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&\&'-.(+&'#-&12=(&4$7/#&$+&IWWT&%.-)(,&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58:
▪
!!!"#(&(66(5/%&-6&%.-)$+1&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&*(7%$%/&$+/-&$+62+58&2+,&5#$0,#--,:&K#$0,7(+&'#-%(&.-/#(7%&%.-)(,&
'#$0(&/#(8&'(7(&*7(1+2+/=(&4((+&6-9+,&/-&4(&2/&#$1#(7&7$%)&-6&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(L&5#$0,#--,&
52+5(7%L&#$1#&40--,&*7(%%97(L&2%/#.2L&0-'(7(,&5-1+$/$=(&,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&-/#(7&%(7$-9%&*7-40(.%:
;05-#-0 9%(&2/&2&8-9+1&21(&$%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&.-7(&67(Q9(+/&9%(&,97$+1&02/(&2,-0(%5(+5(&2+,&2+&$+57(2%(,&
7$%)&-6&02/(7&,(*(+,(+5(:
d
;4-9/&F&$+&XW&@I:IYB&-6&FIZFM&8(27&-0, %/9,(+/%&$+&IWWU,&,79+)&.-7(&/#2+&6-97&%/2+,27,&,7$+)%&-+&2&
%$+10(&-552%$-+&$+&/#(&*7(=$-9%&'(():
d
]2/(7+20 205-#-0 9%(&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&$%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&%(=(7(&2,=(7%(&*(7$+2/20&-9/5-.(%L&%95#&2%&6(/20&
205-#-0&%8+,7-.(&2+,&205-#-0!7(02/(,&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&2+,&,(=(0-*.(+/20&,$%-7,(7%:
▪
;4-9/Î&@XFYB&-6&'-.(+&,72+)&205-#-0&'#$0(&*7(1+2+/&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!R(2=8&,7$+)$+1&52+=(&%$1+$6$52+/&2+,&,(/7$.(+/20&(66(5/%&-+&472$+&,(=(0-*.(+/&,97$+1&/#(&(2708&8(27%:&
K#$0,7(+&2+,&2,-0(%5(+/%&'#-&,7$+)&27(&20%-&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&%966(7$+1&255$,(+/20&$+a978L&(H*(7$(+5$+1&*--7&.(+/20&
#(20/#&-7=$+1&%-5$20&*7-40(.%:&S+/-H$52/$-+&,97$+1&(2708&(H*(7$(+5(%&'$/#&205-#-0%&20%-&4((+&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&
2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&*7-40(.&,7$+)$+1&$+&2,90/#--,:
!!!GH*-%97(&/-&205-#-0&$+&/#(&9/(79%&$%&/#(&.-%/&5-..-+&*7(=(+/240(&529%(&-6&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&2+,&/#(&0(2,$+1&529%(&
-6&.(+/20&7(/27,2/$-+&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+:&;0/#-91#&/#(&7$%)&-6&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&$%&17(2/(%/&'$/#&#$1#L&67(Q9(+/&.2/(7+20&
205-#-0&$+/2)(&,97$+1&/#(&6$7%/&/7$.(%/(7L&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&/#7-91#-9/&*7(1+2+58L&$+509,$+1&4(6-7(&*7(1+2+58&$%&
5-+6$7.(,L&52+=(&5-+%(Q9(+5(%&6-7&6(/20&472$+&,(=(0-*.(+/:
D-'&62.$08&$+5-.(52+&2,=(7%(08&266(5/&/#(&#(20/#L&(,952/$-+&2+,&%(06!(%/((.&-6&5#$0,7(+:
▪
;0.-%/Î&2&.$00$-+&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFI,&2+&2=(721(&,$%*-%240(&$+5-.(&-6&eMJT&*(7&
'(()&$+&IWWTZFW:
▪
!!!>2.$0$(%&'$/#-9/&2,(Q92/(&$+5-.(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-=(&$+%966$5$(+/&7(%-975(%&/-&%9**-7/&2&.$+$.9.&%/2+,27,&
-6&0$=$+1:&"#$%&52+&266(5/&2&5#$0,O%&+9/7$/$-+&2+,&255(%%&/-&.(,$520&527(L&/#(&%26(/8&-6&/#($7&(+=$7-+.(+/&2+,&/#(&
62.$08O%&24$0$/8&/-&*7-=$,(&2**7-*7$2/(&#-9%$+1L&#(2/$+1&2+,&50-/#$+1:&K#$0,7(+&67-.&0-'!$+5-.(&62.$0$(%&27(&20%-&
.-7(&*7-+(&/-&*%85#-0-1$520&-7&%-5$20&,$66$590/$(%&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&*7-40(.%:
?-.(&*27(+/%&52++-/&*7-=$,(&2,(Q92/(&527(&6-7&/#($7&5#$0,7(+L&7(%90/$+1&$+&/#(&5#$0,7(+&4($+1&*025(,&$+&/#(&
527(&-6&7(02/$=(%L 6-%/(7&62.$0$(% -7&$+&7(%$,(+/$20&527(:
▪
;4-9/&JILWWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFM&'(7(&0$=$+1&$+&-9/!-6!#-.(&527(&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!N#$0(&.-%/&;9%/720$2+&5#$0,7(+&0$=(&'$/#&-+(&-7&4-/#&4$-0-1$520&*27(+/%L&%-.(&,-&+-/:&"#(&7(2%-+%&6-7&
/#$% =278L 49/&$+509,(&249%(&-7&+(10(5/L&*27(+/20&%94%/2+5(&249%(L&62.$08&=$-0(+5(L&/#(&,(2/#&-6&-+(&-7&4-/#&
*27(+/%L&2&5#$0,O%&,$%24$0$/8&-7&*--7&#(20/#L&-7&4(529%(&2&*27(+/&$%&$+&a2$0:
^2$%$+1&5#$0,7(+&$+=-0=(%&*#8%$520L&(.-/$-+20&2+,&6$+2+5$20&,(.2+,%&/#2/&52+&*-%(&4$1&5#200(+1(%&/-&2&
*27(+/&'$/#&*#8%$520&-7&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%&-7&,$%24$0$/8:
▪
J&$+&IW&@FXYB&*27(+/%&0$=$+1&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&'(7(&266(5/(,&48&*--7&.(+/20&#(20/#&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!D$=$+1&'$/#&2&5#7-+$52008&$00&*27(+/&52+&4(&%/7(%%690&6-7&5#$0,7(+&2+,&+(12/$=(08&266(5/&/#($7&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1:&S+&
/#(%(&5$759.%/2+5(%L&/#(&*#8%$520L&(.-/$-+20&-7&(5-+-.$5&+((,%&-6&5#$0,7(+&.28&+-/&4(&69008&.(/L&$+57(2%$+1&/#($7&
7$%)&-6&0-+1!/(7.&.(+/20&#(20/#&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&*7-40(.%:&"#(8&.28&20%-=(&/-&/2)(&-+&17(2/(7&7(%*-+%$4$0$/8L&
$+509,$+1&527(&6-7&/#(&*27(+/L&'#$5#&.28&7(%/7$5/&/#($7&$+=-0=(.(+/&$+&2&72+1(&-6&25/$=$/$(%:&K#$0,7(+&0$=$+1&'$/#&2&
*27(+/&'$/#&2&.(+/20&$00+(%%&.28&4(&2/&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&%-5$20L&*%85#-0-1$520L&4(#2=$-9720&2+,&*#8%$520&#(20/#&
*7-40(.%L&2%&'(00&2%&5-1+$/$=(&,(=(0-*.(+/&*7-40(.%:
K#$0,7(+&27(&%#2*(,&+-/&-+08&48&/#($7&62.$08 (+=$7-+.(+/L 49/&20%-&48&/#(&+($1#4-97#--,$+&'#$5#&/#(8&
0$=(:
▪
;0.-%/&V&$+&\&@UXYB&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&6(0/&%26(&-7&=(78&%26(&2/&#-.(&20-+(&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!_27(+/20&*(75(*/$-+&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&%26(/8&$%&-+(&-6&/#(&.-%/&5-..-+&$+,$52/-7%&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&Q920$/8&
2+,&52+=(&2&4$1&$.*25/&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#L&,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&'(004($+1&R-'&%26(&*(-*0(&6((0&'#(+&/#(8&27(&2/&
#-.(&20-+(&,97$+1&($/#(7&/#(&,28&-7&+$1#/&7(6(7%&/-&$+,$=$,920%O&*(75(*/$-+%&-6&#-'&=90+(7240(&/#(8&6((0&/-&*(7%-+20&
#27.:&_27(+/20&*(75(*/$-+&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&%26(/8&52+&266(5/&5#$0,7(+O%&,2$08&25/$=$/$(%&2%&2&6(27&-6&(H*-%$+1&-+(O%&
5#$0,7(+&/-&7$%)%&.28&0(2,&*27(+/%&/-&7(%/7$5/&/#($7&5#$0,7(+&67-.&-9/,--7&25/$=$/$(%:
>2.$0$(%&'$/#&7$5#&%-5$20&+(/'-7)%=(&17(2/(7&255(%%&/-&67$(+,%&2+,&+($1#4-97%&/-&#(0*&.2+21(&/#($7&,2$08&
0$=(%&2+,&*7-40(.%:
▪
]-7(&/#2+&FT&$+&IW&@TVYB&-6&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+ #2,&255(%%&/-&%9**-7/&$+&/$.(&-6&57$%$%&$+&IWFW:
▪
S+a97$(% 27(&2&0(2,$+1&529%(&-6&,(2/#&2+,&#-%*$/20$%2/$-+&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+&49/&52+&4(&7(,95(,&48&5-+/7-00$+1&
#2f27,%&$+&2&5#$0,O%&(+=$7-+.(+/:
▪
S+a978&,(2/#&72/(%&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+&21(,&FZFM=(=(,&4(/'((+&FTT\&2+,&IWFW&@67-.&FW&/-&X&,(2/#%&
*(7&FWWLWWWB:
▪
!!!?-5$20&52*$/20&$%&/#(&+2.(&1$=(+&/-&Q920$/8&7(02/$-+%#$*%&/#2/&(+240(&*(-*0(&/-&%#27(&(H*(7$(+5(%&-7&7(%-0=(&
*7-40(.%:&R2=$+1&%-.(-+(&/-&7(08&-+&$+&2+&(.(71(+58&$%&2&=$/20&%26(/8&+(/L&*27/$5902708&6-7&62.$0$(%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+:&
>-7&5#$0,7(+L&/#(&4(+(6$/%&-6&%-5$20&52*$/20&$+509,(&7(,95(,&%5#--0&,7-*-9/&72/(%&2+,&*-%$/$=(&.(+/20&#(20/#&2+,&
4(#2=$-9720&-9/5-.(%&$+&5#$0,#--,&2+,&02/(7&0$6(:&?/7-+1&%-5$20&52*$/20&52+&*7-/(5/&5#$0,7(+&67-.&/#(&2,=(7%(&(66(5/%&
-6&%-5$-(5-+-.$5&,$%2,=2+/21(:
!!!K#$0,#--,&$+a97$(%&52+=(&*7-6-9+,&2+,&0$6(0-+1&(66(5/%L&$+509,$+1&*(7.2+(+/&*#8%$520&,$%24$0$/$(%&-7&0-+1!/(7.&
5-1+$/$=(&-7&*%85#-0-1$520&,2.21(:&K#$0,7(+&27(&*27/$5902708&=90+(7240(&/-&5(7/2$+&/8*(%&-6&$+a978&,(*(+,$+1&-+&
/#($7&21(L&'$/#&-0,(7&5#$0,7(+&$+57(2%$+108&$+609(+5(,&48&4(#2=$-97&$+&2,,$/$-+&/-&/#($7&*#8%$520&2+,&%-5$20&
(+=$7-+.(+/:
g$5/$.%&-6&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/ .28&(H*(7$(+5(&0-'(7&%-5$20&5-.*(/(+5(L&*--7&%5#--0&*(76-7.2+5(&2+,&
$.*2$7(,&02+1921(&24$0$/8L&2+,&27(&2/&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&57$.$+20&-66(+,$+1&2+,&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%:
▪
IXLMWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFI&'(7(&/#(&%94a(5/&-6&%94%/2+/$2/(,&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&+-/$6$52/$-+%&$+&IWFWZFF:
▪
!!!N#$0(&.-%/&5#$0,7(+&$+&;9%/720$2&17-'&9*&$+&%26(&62.$08&(+=$7-+.(+/%L&%-.(&27(&249%(,&2+,3-7&+(10(5/(,L&'#$5#&
52+&529%(%$1+$6$52+/L 0-+1!/(7..:&;,=(7%(&(66(5/%&27( ,$=(7%(L 2+,&.28&$+509,(&*--7&%-5$20&2+,&252,(.$5&%)$00%L&
2&#$1#(7&0$)(0$#--,&-6&57$.$+20&-66(+,$+1&-7&.(+/20&#(20/#&$%%9(%&%95#&2%&(2/$+1&,$%-7,(7%L&%94%/2+5(&249%(&2+,&
,(*7(%%$-+:
_#8%$520&2+,&%(H920&2%%290/ 52+=(&2&72+1(&-6&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&+(12/$=(&(66(5/%&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&*#8%$520&
2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&#(20/#:
▪
VL\WW&5#$0,7(+&@-7&FX\&*(7&FWWLWWW&5#$0,7(+B&21(,&WZFM&'(7(&7(*-7/(,&=$5/$.%&-6&%(H920&2%%290/&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!C($+1&2&=$5/$.&-6&=$-0(+5(&52+&4(&,(/7$.(+/20&/-&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#L&%(+%(&-6&%26(/8&2+,&%(597$/8L&2+,&/#($7&6((0$+1%&
24-9/&/#(&69/97(:&_#8%$520&2+,&%(H920&2%%290/&52+=(&5-.*0(H&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&+(12/$=(&(66(5/%&-+&/#(&
*#8%$520&2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&#(20/#&-6&5#$0,7(+:&C($+1&=$5/$.$%(,&.28&0(2,&/-&,$.$+$%#(,&(,952/$-+20&2//2$+.(+/&2+,&
%-5$20&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&(2708&2,90/#--,L&2+,&7(%90/&$+&*#8%$520&$+a978L&%9$5$,20&$,(2/$-+&2+,&4(#2=$-97L&,(*7(%%$-+L&
,$%24$0$/8&2+,&(=(+&,(2/#:
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&#-.(0(%% 27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&5-+/$+9(&/-&4(&#-.(0(%%&$+/-&2,90/#--,:
▪
;4-9/&UWLUWW&@FT&-9/&-6&(=(78&FLWWWB&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFM&255-.*2+$(,&2&*27(+/31927,$2+&/-&2&
#-.(0(%%+(%%&21(+58&$+&IWFWZFF:
▪
!!!R-.(0(%%+(%%%&,(/7$.(+/20&(66(5/%&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1:&C24$(%&2+,&/-,,0(7%&.28=(&,(028(,&
*#8%$520&2+,&.(+/20&,(=(0-*.(+/[&-0,(7&5#$0,7(+&52+&(H*(7$(+5(&%/7(%%L&2+H$(/8&2+,&#$1#&72/(%&-6&.(+/20&#(20/#&
*7-40(.%&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&,$%-7,(7%:&"#(&529%(%&-6&#-.(0(%%+(%%&27(&5-.*0(H&2+,&.28&$+509,(&(5-+-.$5&625/-7%&
%95#&2%&*-=(7/8L&9+(.*0-8.(+/L&$+57(2%(,&#-9%$+1&5-%/%&-7&2+&9+%/240(&#-.(&(+=$7-+.(+/&529%(,&48&,-.(%/$5&
=$-0(+5(:
K#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%8%/(. 27(&2/&7$%)&-6&5-+/$+9(,&2+,&.-7(&%(7$-9%&-66(+,$+1&02/(7&$+&0$6(:
▪
UF&$+&(=(78&FWWLWWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&FWZFM&'(7(&9+,(7&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%9*(7=$%$-+&-+&2+&2=(721(&,28&$+&
IWWTZFW:
▪
!!!"#(7(&$%&'$,(%*7(2,&(=$,(+5(&/#2/&72/(%&-6&-66(+,$+1&/(+,&/-&*(2)&$+&2,-0(%5(+5(L&49/&6-7&.2+8&/#$%&4(#2=$-97&$%&
%#-7/!0$=(,&2+,&/#(&-66(+5(%&27(&7(02/$=(08&.$+-7:&>-7&2&%.200&+9.4(7&-65#$0,7(+ /#$%&4(#2=$-97&4(5-.(%&.-7(&
%(7$-9%&2+,&*(7%$%/(+/&2+,&.28&7(%90/&$+&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%9*(7=$%$-+:&^(%(275#&$+,$52/(%&/#2/&5#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&a9=(+$0(&
a9%/$5(&%8%/(.&5-..-+08&5-.(&67-.&.-7(&,$%2,=2+/21(,&%-5$-(5-+-.$5&425)17-9+,%L=(&0-'&0(=(0%&-6&
(,952/$-+L&2+,=(&%966(7(,&#$1#&72/(%&-6&5#$0,#--,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/:
"#(&0(=(0&-6&$..9+$%2/$-+5-=(721(&7(60(5/%&/#(&52*25$/8&-6&/#(&#(20/#!527(&%8%/(.&/-&*7-=$,(&=255$+2/$-+%&
/-&5#$0,7(+:
▪
]-7(&/#2+&T&$+&FW&@TJYB&I!8(27!-0,&5#$0,7(+&$+&;9%/720$2&'(7(&69008&$..9+$%(,&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&+-/&69008&$..9+$%(,&27(&2/&7$%)&-6&5-+/725/$+1&=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%L&%95#&2%&,$*#/#(7$2L&
/(/2+9%L&.(2%0(%&2+,&*-0$-L&2+,&/#(&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&#(20/#&5-+%(Q9(+5(%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&/#(%(:&
S..9+$%2/$-+&20%-&*028%&2&7-0(&$+&*7-/(5/$+1&$+,$=$,920%&'#-&27(&+-/&$..9+$%(,L&/#7-91#&/#(&5-+5(*/&-6&h#(7,&
$..9+$/8O:&S..9+$%2/$-+&5-=(721(&+((,%&/-&(H5((,&TWY&$+&-7,(7&/-&25#$(=(&2+,&.2$+/2$+&/#(&0(=(0&-6&#(7,&
$..9+$/8&+((,(,&/-&$+/(779*/&/#(&%*7(2,&-6&=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%:
"#(&+9.4(7&-6&5#$0,7(+&'#-&%97=$=(&0(9)2(.$2 5-+/$+9(%&/-&$.*7-=(&/#7-91#&2,=2+5(%&$+&,(/(5/$-+L&
/7(2/.(+/L&7(%(275#&2+,&/(5#+-0-18L&2+,&/#(&,(=(0-*.(+/&-6&%*(5$20$%(,&/7(2/.(+/&5(+/7(%&2+,&*7-/-5-0%:
▪
>$=(!8(27&7(02/$=(&%97=$=20&6-7&5#$0,7(+&'$/#&0(9)2(.$2&$+57(2%(,&67-.&V\Y&/-&U\Y&4(/'((+&FTUJZFTUT&2+,&
IWWMZIWFW:
▪
!!!?955(%%690&/7(2/.(+/&-6&0(9)2(.$2&,(*(+,%&-+&/#(&(66(5/$=(+(%%&-6&/#(&#(20/#!527(&%8%/(.&$+&2&+9.4(7&-6&27(2%L&
$+509,$+1&(2708&,(/(5/$-+L&255(%%&/-&2**7-*7$2/(&/7(2/.(+/L 5-0024-72/$-+ 4(/'((+&#(20/#!527(&*7-6(%%$-+20%L&2+,&
-+1-$+1&.(,$520&7(%(275#&2+,&50$+$520&/7$20%:&A(%*$/(&$.*7-=(.(+/%&$+&%97=$=20L&0(9)2(.$2&7(.2$+(,&-+(&-6&/#(&
0271(%/&5-+/7$49/-7%&/-&5#$0,#--,&52+5(7&,(2/#%&$+&IWWUZIWFW:
^(!%94%/2+/$2/$-+&72/(%&27(&-+(&.(2%97(&-6&#-'&%955(%%690&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%8%/(.% 27(&$+&*7(=(+/$+1&/#(&
7(5977(+5(&-6&5#$0,&249%(&-7&+(10(5/:
▪
;57-%%&a97$%,$5/$-+%&$+&IWWTZFWL&7(!%94%/2+/$2/$-+&72/(%&=27$(,&67-.&J:FY&/-&IX:FY&'$/#$+&FI&.-+/#%&-6&/#(&
-7$1$+20&%94%/2+/$2/$-+:
▪
!!!^2/(%&-6&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%94%/2+/$2/$-+&2+,&5#$0,7(+&-+&527(&2+,&*7-/(5/$-+&-7,(7%&27(&)(8&$+,$52/-7%&-6&
7(*-7/(,&0(=(0%&-6&5#$0,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/:&"#(&9+,(708$+1&625/-7%&/#2/&0(2,&/-&%-.(&62.$0$(%&7(*(2/(,08&5-.$+1&
$+/-&5-+/25/&'$/#&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%8%/(.%&$+509,(&0-'&$+5-.(L&%94%/2+5(&249%(L&.(+/20&#(20/#&$%%9(%L&%-0(&
*27(+/$+1&2+,&2&025)&-6&255(%%&/-&%9**-7/:
GH5(%%$=(&%57((+&/$.(F:
E4(%$/8I:
c-/&(+-91#&*#8%$520&25/$=$/8J:
i+#(20/#8&,$(/M:
C9008$+1X:
S00(120&,791&9%(V:
>2.$08&2+,&,-.(%/$5&=$-0(+5(\:
S+/(7+(/&%26(/8U:
K#$0,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/T:
?9$5$,(FW:
!!!;%& %-5$(/8&5#2+1(% ,9(&/-&2,=2+5(%&$+&#(20/#527(&2+,&/(5#+-0-18&2+,&2%&'(&7(672.(&'#2/&$/&.(2+%&/-&4(&2&
0(27+(7&$+&/#(&IF%/&K(+/978L&#(20/#8&2+,&2&*7-,95/$=(&2+,&5-+/7$49/$+1&.(.4(7&-6&2&%-5$(/8&!/#(&#(20/#&5-+5(7+%&
-6&-97&8-9/#&'$00&20%-&5#2+1(:
!!!"#(&/-*&/(+&5#$0,&#(20/#&*7-40(.%&2%&/-0,&48&/#(&;9%/720$2+&*940$5&27(<
#//*%<33''':5#$0,#(20/#*-00:-71:293*-00%3/-*!FW!5#$0,!#(20/#!*7-40(.%3
Why+Should+I+Care?
!!!"#(&,2/2&24-=(&#$1#0$1#/%&/#(&$.*-7/2+/&0$+)%&4(/'((+&2&5#$0,O%&#(20/#&
%/2/9%&2+,&/#($7&'(00!4($+1&2+,&%94%(Q9(+/&252,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/: i+#(20/#8&)$,%&a9%/&,-+j/&0(27+&/-&/#($7&6900&*-/(+/$20k
d
What+is+FASD?
!!!>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&@>;?AB&$%&/#(&/(7.&9%(,&/-&,(%57$4(&/#(&
*#8%$520&2+,3-7&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,$%-7,(7&/#2/&52+&7(%90/&67-.&6(/20&
205-#-0&(H*-%97(:
!!!>;?A&$%&)+-'+&2%&/#(&lS+=$%$40(&A$%24$0$/8m&2%&$/&52+&266(5/&/#(&$+,$=$,920O%&
472$+&2+,&+(7=-9%&%8%/(.&'$/#-9/&2+8&-/#(7&=$%$40(&/72$/%&
!!!;%&2&7(%90/L&62.$0$(%&(H*(7$(+5(&/#(&5#2725/(7$%/$5%&-6&/#(&,$%-7,(7&'$/#-9/&
7(20$f$+1&$/O%&2&5-+%(Q9(+5(&-6&6(/20&205-#-0&
!!!>;?A&52+&.(2+&.(+/20L&*#8%$520L&4(#2=$-9720L&2+,3-7&0(27+$+1&,$%24$0$/$(%:&
d
Why+Does+it+Happen?
!!!>;?A&$%&+-/&2&1(+(/$5&5-+,$/$-+&2+,&$%&5-.*0(/(08&*7(=(+/240(&!$6&/#(&4$7/#&
.-/#(7&,-(%&+-/&,7$+)&205-#-0&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&
!!!S6&/#(&4$7/#&.-/#(7&,-(%&+-/&,7$+)&205-#-0&,97$+1&#(7&*7(1+2+58L&/#(&5#$0,&$%&
69008&*7-/(5/(,&67-.&/#(&,$%-7,(7&
!!!C9/n::&?$.*08&5#--%$+1&24%/$+(+5(&$%&-6/(+&/--&%$.*0$%/$5:&>-7&.2+8&
'-.(+L&$6&+-/&*02++$+1L&/#(8&.28&+-/&)+-'&/#(8&27(&(=(+&*7(1+2+/&-7&/#(8&
.28&+((,&#(0*&/-&%/-*&,7$+)$+1&@P72+/L&FTT\B:
d
How+Many+Have+It?
!!!>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&-7&>;?A&$%&(%/$.2/(,&/-&266(5/&F&$+&FWW&
$+62+/%&4-7+&(25#&8(27&@]28L&(/:&20:L&IWWTB:&
!!!S6&'(&255(*/&/#2/&MW!XWY&-6&*7(1+2+5$(%&27(&9+*02++(,L&$/&.28&4(&(H*-%97(&
-5597%&'$/#-9/&)+-'0(,1(&-6&*7(1+2+58&@?(,1#L&?$+1#&o&R9%%2$+L&IWFMB&
!!!;9%/720$2+&7(%(275#%&=27$-9%08&*7(,$5/(,&2%&.2+8&2%&UWY&-6&*7(1+2+5$(%&
.28&4(&(H*-%(,&/-&%-.(&0(=(0&-6&205-#-0&@EOp((66(&(/:&20:L&IWFXB
d
DGK"i^G<&"RG&DG;^cScP&KR;DDGcPG?&E>&KRSDA^Gc&NS"R&>G";D&;DKERED&
?_GK"^i]&AS?E^AG^?&
How+is+FASD+Assessed?
!!!"-&2%%(%%&2+&$+,$=$,920&-6&%9%*(5/(,&>;?AL&/#(&6-00-'$+1&(%%(+/$20&57$/(7$2&
.9%/&4(&5-+%$,(7(,&48&2&.90/$,$%5$*0$+278&,$21+-%/$5&/(2.<&
F:&]2/(7+20&205-#-0&9%(&2+,&-/#(7&(H*-%97(%&
I:&c(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&$.*2$7.(+/&
J:&>25$20&2+,&-/#(7&*#8%$520&6(2/97(%
!!!C-/#&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(&
%(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&-6&/#(&6-00-'$+1&,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%<&
C72$+&%/795/97(3c(97-0-18L&]-/-7&?)$00%L&K-1+$/$-+L&D2+1921(L&;52,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/L&](.-78L&;//(+/$-+L&GH(59/$=(&69+5/$-cL&;66(5/&7(1902/$-+L&
;,2*/$=(&4(#2=$-97
@C-'(7&o&G00$-//L&IWFVL&;9%/720$2+&P9$,(&/-&/#(&,$21+-%$%&-6&>;?AB
d
FASD+That+We+Can+See
"#(&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(L&6$7%/08<&
>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&Z'$/#&J&%(+/$+(0&625$20&6(2/97(%&
!!!_7(+2/20&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&$%&5-+6$7.(,&-7&9+)+-'+L&
!!!g$%$40(&625$20&,$66(7(+5(%&@K29%(,&'#(+&205-#-0&$%&5-+%9.(,&,97$+1&2&*(7$-,&
-6&/#(&*7(1+2+58&5200(,&12%/7902/$-+&'#$5#&-6/(+&-5597%&4(/'((+&/#(&F\/#&!
IW/#&,28&-6&*7(1+2+58BL&
!!!?(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%
d
FASD+That+We+Cannot+See
"#(&%(5-+,&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(%<
d
>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&Z'$/#&0(%%&/#2+&J&%(+/$+(0&625$20&6(2/97(%
!!!_7(+2/20&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&$%&5-+6$7.(A
!!!WL&FL&-7&I&=$%$40(&625$20&,$66(7(+5(%:
!!!?(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%
?-975(<&C-'(7&o&G00$-//L&IWFVL&;9%/720$2+&P9$,(&/-&/#(&,$21+-%$%&-6&
>;?A>;KiD"`&E>&GAiK;"SEc&FI
Multiple+Characteristics
?-.(&5#2725/(7$%/$5%&$+509,(L&49/&27(&+-/&0$.$/(,&/-<
!!!](.-78&*7-40(.%&
!!!A$66$590/8&%/-7$+1&2+,&7(/7$(=$+1&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&*(76-7.2+5(
!!! S.*90%$=$/8L&,$%/725/$4$0$/8L&,$%-712+$f2/$-+&
!!!;4$0$/8&/-&7(*(2/&$+%/795/$-+%L&49/&$+24$0$/8&/-&*9/&/#(.&$+/-&25/$-+&
d
!!!A$66$590/8&'$/#&24%/725/&/#$+)$+1&Z.2/#(.2/$5%L&.-+(8L&/$.(
!!!K-1+$/$=(&*7-5(%%$+1&,(6$5$/%&Z/#$+)$+1&'#$5#&$%&%0-'(,&
!!!?0-'(7&29,$/-78&*25(&@.28&-+08&*$5)&9*&*$(5(%&-6&/#(&$+6-7.2/$-+&-7&
$+%/795/$-+B&
!!!A(=(0-*.(+/20&Z,(=(0-*.(+/&$%&8-9+1(7&/#2+&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&*7(,$5/&-9/5-.(%&-7&9+,(7%/2+,&5-+%(Q9(+5(%
Caution!
C(#2=$-97&50(2708&7(60(5/%&9+,(708$+1&472$+&,2.21(&%-&$/&$%&$.*-7/2+/&6-7&2+&
(,952/-7&/-<&
!!!>$+,&2+&255972/(&(H*02+2/$-+&-6&'#(7(&/#(&5#$0,35#$0,7(+&$+&8-97&527(&6$/&
'$/#$+&/#(&'$,(&%*(5/79.&-6&*-%%$4$0$/$(%&'$/#$+&>;?A&2%&2&,$%-7,(7&Z
*#8%$-0-18L&/#$+)$+1&24$0$/$(%L&(H*(5/2/$-+%&@D2'78)L&IWWXB:&
!!!K29/$-+&+((,%&/-&4(&/2)(+&/-&255-9+/&6-7&/#(&*7(=$-9%&0$6(&(H*(7$(+5(%&-6&
5#$0,7(+&'#$5#&27(&%-.(/$.(%&/729.2/$5&Z249%(L&+(10(5/L&2&%(+%(&-6&
242+,-+.(+/L&$%-02/$-+&@_20(8&o&EOK-++-7L&IWFFB:
d
Executive+Functioning
!!!l(H(59/$=(&69+5/$-+$+1&7(6(7%&/-&/#(&24$0$/$(%&/#2/&9+,(70$+(&$+,(*(+,(+/L&
*97*-%(690L&5-+/(H/92008&2**7-*7$2/(&4(#2=$-97:m&_--7&(H(59/$=(&69+5/$-+$+1&
$%&l50(2708& /#(&(%%(+5(&-6&/#(&,$%24$0$/8m&5200(,&>;?A&@D2'78)L&IWWXB&
!!!"#$%&(Q92/(%&/-<&
F:&A$66$590/8&*02++$+1L&*7(,$5/$+1L&-712+$%$+1L&*7$-7$/$%$+1L&%(Q9(+5$+1L&$+$/$2/$+1&
2+,&6-00-'$+1&/#7-91#:
I:&?(//$+1&1-20%L&5-.*08$+1&'$/#&5-+/725/920&-40$12/$-+%L&4($+1&-+&/$.(L&
2,#(7$+1&/-&2&%5#(,90(:
d
Memory
!!!S+6-7.2/$-+&$+*9/L&$+/(172/$-+L&6-7.$+1&2%%-5$2/$-+%L&7(/7$(=20&2+,&-9/*9/&
27(&,(6$5$/%:&
!!!A$66$590/8&0(27+$+1&67-.&*2%/&.$%/2)(%&!-6/(+&/#(&%2.(&.$%/2)(%&27(&.2,(&
-=(7&2+,&-=(7&212$+&,(%*$/(&$+57(2%$+108&%(=(7(&5-+%(Q9(+5(%:&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&.(.-78&-7&*(76-7.2+5(&!7(.(.4(7$+1&2&/2%)&6-7&/'-&,28%&
/#(+&6-71(//$+1&/#(&/2%)&-+&/#(&/#$7,&,28:
@^2.9%%(+&o&?-0($.2+$L&IWFFB
d
Developmental+Dysmaturity
!!!E6/(+&69+5/$-+%&%-5$2008L&(.-/$-+2008L&2+,&$+&.(+/2008&2/&2&.95#&8-9+1(7&
0(=(0&,(=(0-*.(+/20&21(&/#2+&/#($7&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(:&
!!!;&X&8(27&-0,&.28&4(&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&.-7(&0$)(&2&I&8(27&-0,L&2&FI&8(27&-0,&
0$)(&2&V&8(27&-0,L&2+,&2&IX&8(27&-0,&.-7(&0$)(&2&FJ&8(27&-0,&2+,&%-&-+:::&
@]204$+L&&IWWWB
d
Speech+and+Language
!!!]28&%((.&/-&9+,(7%/2+,&$+%/795/$-+%&2+,&1$=(&217((.(+/&49/&$%&9+240(&/-&
5-.*7(#(+,:&
!!!E6/(+&7(*(2/%&790(%&(H25/08&2%&%2$,&49/&52++-/&2**08&/#(%(&%2.(&790(%:&
!!!A$66$590/8&5-.*7(#(+,$+1&/#(&.(2+$+1&-6&02+1921(&2+,&255972/(08&
2+%'(7$+1&Q9(%/$-+%:&
!!!]28&217((&-7&5-+624902/(&@5-.*08&2+,&6$00&$+&/#(&402+)%B:&
!!!]28&/20)&(H5(%%$=(08&49/&9+240(&/-&(+121(&$+&2&.(2+$+1690&(H5#2+1(:&
!!!"#(&%#((7&=-09.(&-6&'-7,%&9%(,&.28&57(2/(&/#(&$.*7(%%$-+&-6&
5-.*(/(+5(:
d
Cognitive+Pace
!!!]28&/#$+)&%0-'08L&%28&lS&,-+O/&)+-'mL&2**(27&/-=(&h%#9/&,-'+O&-7&+((,&
.$+9/(%&/-&1(+(72/(&2+&2+%'(7&72/#(7&/#2+&%(5-+,%:&
!!!"#$%&0(2,%&/-&/#(&502$.&/#2/&*(-*0(&266(5/(,&48&>;?A&27(&l/(+&%(5-+,&
*(-*0(&$+&2&-+(&%(5-+,&'-70,m&@]204$+&IWWXB&
!!!^$1$,L&%/95)&-+&2+&$,(2&-7&/#-91#/&
!!!]28=(&*7-40(.%&%'$/5#$+1&/#-91#/%L&%/-**$+1&25/$=$/$(%&-7&/72+%6-7.$+1&
/-&2&+('&/2%)&
!!!E6/(+&7(25/%&%/7-+108&/-&5#2+1(%&$+&%(//$+1L&*7-172.&-7&*(7%-++(0&@G:1:L&
7(0$(6&/(25#(7%3+('&%/266B
d
Judgement/Cause+and+Effect+Reasoning
!!!^(Q9$7(%&24%/725/&/#$+)$+1&
!!!A$66$590/$(%&$+&5-+5(*/920$%$+1&/$.(L&=209(&-6&.-+(8:&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&.2)(&,(5$%$-+%:&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&7(5-1+$%(&,2+1(7&-7&,$%/$+19$%#&,2+1(7&67-.&%26(/8L&67$(+,&67-.&
%/72+1(7L&62+/2%8&67-.&7(20$/8:&
!!!"#(7(&$%&2+&$+24$0$/8&/-&1(+(720$%(& $+6-7.2/$-+L&/-&6-7.&0$+)%&2+,&
2%%-5$2/$-+%&2+,&/#(&5#$0,&$%&-6/(+&9+240(&/-&2**08&2&0(27+(,&790(&$+&2&+('&
%(//$+1
d
Sensory+Systems
!!!]28&-=(7!7(25/&/-&%/$.90$L&6-7&(H2.*0(L&/25/$0(&,(6(+%$=(+(%%:&K-90,&7(25/&
/-&,$66(7(+/&/(H/97(%L&%.(00%L&/2%/(%L&0$1#/$+1L&+-$%(:&
!!!]28&4(&-=(7'#(0.(,&48&%(+%-78&$+*9/&!9+240(&/-&6$0/(7&-9/&(H/72+(-9%&
%/$.90$&!%8.*/-.%&$+509,(&$+57(2%(,&21$/2/$-+L&$77$/24$0$/8L&2+,&2117(%%$-+:&
!!!]28&20%-&9+,(7!7(25/&/-&*2$+&2+,&+-/&5-.*02$+&-6&(2725#(%L&47-)(+&4-+(%L&
2+,&4(&9+240(&/-&(H*(7$(+5(& *2$+690&%/$.90$&0$)(&#(2/&-7&5-0,:&
!!!"25/$0(&%/$.902/$-+&@'2+/$+1&/-&/-95#&-7&4(&/-95#(,BL*(7%(+%$/$=(&-7&
#8*-%(+%$/$=(&/-&0$1#/L&%-9+,L&/2%/(L&%.(00&2+,3-7&/-95#:
d
Physical
!!!l02f8&(8(m@%/724$%.9%B[&,(57(2%(,&.9%50(&/-+(&@#8*-/-+$5$/8B[&*--7+,!
(8(&5--7,$+2/$-+&2+,&=$%920%*2/$20&,$66$590/$(%[
!!!C-+(&%/795/9720&2+-.20$(%&0$)(&69%$+1&@%5-0$-%$%B[&
!!!G27&$+6(5/$-+%[&(2/$+1&*7-40(.%&Z/--&.95#&-7&/--&0$//0([&
!!!^(%*$72/-78&/725/&$+6(5/$-+%&
!!!A(+/20&*7-40(.%
d
Comparison
!!!"8*$520&X&8(27&-0,<P-(%&/-&%5#--0L&6-00-'%&J&$+%/795/$-+%L&%$/%&%/$00&6-7&FX&
.$+9/(%L&*028%&2+,&/2)(%&/97+%
!!!X&`(27&-0,&'$/#&>;?A<&c((,%&/-&/2)(&2&+2*L&6-00-'%&F&$+%/795/$-+&$6&%#-'+L&
%$/%&6-7&X&.$+9/(%L&(+121(%&$+&*27200(0&*028L&'2+/%&/#($7&-'+&'28&@;5/%&0$)(&2&I&
-7&J&8(27&-0,B
!!!"8*$520&FW&8(27&-0,<&?/28%&6-59%(,&6-7&VW&.$+9/(%L&7(2,%&2+,&'7$/(%&609(+/08L&
0(27+%&67-.&'-7)%#((/%L&*028%&'(00&2/&7(5(%%L&1(/%&20-+1&'$/#&-/#(7%L&,-(%&+-/&
/$7(&(2%$08&
!!!FW&`(27&-0,&'$/#&>;?A<&_28%&2//(+/$-+&6-7&FW&.$+9/(%L&$%&0(27+$+1&/-&7(2,&
2+,&'7$/(L&0(27+%&48&,-$+13(H*(7$(+5$+1L&$%&(2%$08&/$7(,&2+,&4(5-.(%&
-=(7'#(0.(,&(2%$08&@;5/%&XB
d
Educational+Implications
?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&'$00<
!!!"2)(&0-+1(7&/-&9+,(7%/2+,&'#2/&8-9&27(&%28$+1&
!!!i%92008&+((,&/-&4(&/-0,&.-7(&/#2+&-+5(&
!!!>-71(/&'#2/&8-9=(&%2$,&
!!!]28&+-/&4(&240(&/-&9%(&'-7)%#((/%&
!!!c((,&/-&4(&%#-'+&'#2/&/-&,-&
!!!?/79110(&'$/#&+9.(7258&2+,&24%/725/&5-+5(*/%
!!!>9+5/$-+&2/&2&0-'(7&21(&C9/&/#(8=(&%/7(+1/#%L&/--k&
d
Things+to+Remember
_7$+5$*0(%<&
!!!K2+O/&72/#(7&/#2+&'-+O/&
!!!K-+%$,(7&,(=(0-*.(+/20&21(&72/#(7&/#2+&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(&Z%#$6/&-97&
(H*(5/2/$-+%&
!!!^(20$%/$5&(H*(5/2/$-+%&2+,&(+=$7-+.(+/20&2+,&%-5$20&
255-..-,2/$-+%3%/72/(1$(%&^(,&6021&$+,$52/-7%<&
!!!]28&1$=(&$+5-+%$%/(+/&=(7%$-+%&-6&(=(+/%&@5-+624902/$-+B&
!!!]28=(&2&,$21+-%$%&-6&;ARAL&;AAL&EAAL&^;AL&2&]R&,$21+-%$%L&-/#(7&
,(*(+,(+58&(:1:&*7-40(.&12.40$+1:&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&2//(+,2+5(L&2+,&2&#$%-78&-6&4($+1&/97+(,&2'28&67-.&-/#(7&
*7-172..(%
d
Working+Differentlyd
Modifications+to+Curriculum
!!!;00&.-,$6$52/$-+%&%#-90,&4(&*02++(,&27-9+,&'#(7(&/#(&5#$0,&%((.%&/-&4(&
,(=(0-*.(+/2008
!!!>$197(&-9/&'#(7(&/#(8&;^G&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&2+,&%/27/&/#(7(L&+-/&'#(7(&
/#($7&21(&%28%&/#(8&%#-90,&4(:
!!!K-+57(/(L&K-+%$%/(+/L&_(7%$%/L&^(*(/$/$-+L&^-9/$+(L&?$.*0(L&?*(5$6$5
@K(+/7(&6-7&A$%24$0$/$(%L&?2+6-7,&?5#--0&-6&](,$5$+(&-6&"#(&i+$=(7%$/8&-6&?-9/#&
A2)-/2B
d
Be+Concrete+and+Consistent
!!!K-+57(/(&Z%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&,-&'(00&'#(+&(,952/-7%&/20)&$+&5-+57(/(&
/(7.%L&,-+O/&9%(&'-7,%&'$/#&,-940(&.(2+$+1%L&$,$-.%L&(/5:&C(529%(&/#($7&
%-5$20!(.-/$-+20&9+,(7%/2+,$+1&$%&627&4(0-'&/#($7&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(L&$/&#(0*%&
/-&l/#$+)&8-9+1(7m&'#(+&*7-=$,$+1&2%%$%/2+5(&2+,&1$=$+1&$+%/795/$-+%:
!!!K-+%$%/(+58&ZC(529%(&-6&/#(&,$66$590/8&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&(H*(7$(+5(&
/78$+1&/-&1(+(720$%(&0(27+$+1&67-.&-+(&%$/92/$-+&/-&2+-/#(7L&/#(8&,-&4(%/&$+&2+&
(+=$7-+.(+/&'$/#&6('&5#2+1(%:&"#$%&$+509,(%&02+1921(:&"(25#(7%&2+,&
*27(+/%3527(7%&52+&5--7,$+2/(&'$/#&(25#&-/#(7&/-&9%(&/#(&%2.(&'-7,%&6-7&)(8&
*#72%(%&2+,&-720&,$7(5/$-+%:
d
Be+Repetitive+and+Provide+a+Routine
!!!^(*(/$/$-+&Z?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A=(&5#7-+$5&%#-7/!/(7.&.(.-78&
*7-40(.%[&/#(8&6-71(/&/#$+1%&/#(8&'2+/&/-&7(.(.4(7&2%&'(00&2%&$+6-7.2/$-+&
/#2/%&4((+&0(27+(,&2+,&7(/2$+(,&6-7&2&*(7$-,&-6&/$.(:&S+&-7,(7&6-7&
%-.(/#$+1&/-&.2)(&$/&/-&0-+1&/(7.&.(.-78L&$/&.28&%$.*08&+((,&/-&4(&7(!
/291#/&2+,&7(!/291#/:&
!!!^-9/$+(&Z%/240(&7-9/$+(%&/#2/&,-+O/&5#2+1(&67-.&,28&/-&,28&'$00&.2)(&$/&
(2%$(7&6-7&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&/-&)+-'&'#2/&/-&(H*(5/&+(H/&2+,&,(57(2%(&/#($7&
2+H$(/8L&(+240$+1&/#(.&/-&0(27+:&
d
Be+Simple+and+Specific
!!!?$.*0$5$/8&Z7(.(.4(7&/-&)((*&$/&%#-7/&2+,&%'((/:&?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&27(&
(2%$08&-=(7%/$.902/(,L&0(2,$+1&/-&h%#9/,-'+m&2/&'#$5#&*-$+/&+-&.-7(&
$+6-7.2/$-+&52+&4(&2%%$.$02/(,:&"#(7(6-7(L&2&%$.*0(&(+=$7-+.(+/&$%&/#(&
6-9+,2/$-+&6-7&2+&(66(5/$=(&%5#--0&*7-172.:&
!!!C(&%*(5$6$5&Z%28&(H25/08&'#2/&8-9&.(2+:&^(.(.4(7&/#2/&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&
>;?A=(&,$66$590/8&'$/#&24%/725/$-+%L&1(+(720$%2/$-+L&2+,&+-/&4($+1&240(&/-&
l6$00&$+&/#(&402+)%m&'#(+&1$=(+&2&,$7(5/$-+:&"(00&/#(.&%/(*&48&%/(*&'#2/&/-&,-L&
,(=(0-*$+1&2**7-*7$2/($/&*2//(7+%:&i%(&*$5/97(%L&5#27/%&-7&-/#(7&=$%920&
2$,%:&?#-'&/#(.&'#2/&/-&,-:
d
Key+Tips
!!!D(27+$+1&.9%/&4(&7(0(=2+/&
!!!i%(&%/7(+1/#%&
!!!_72$%(&2+,&(+5-9721(.(+/&
!!!"78&20/(7+2/$=(&255-..-,2/$+1&(+=$7-+.(+/%&
!!!"20)&/-&*27(+/3527(7&Z%5#--0&/-&#-.(&a-97+20&
!!!;=-$,&(H5(%%$=(&#-.('-7)&-7&0-+1&2%%$1+.(+/%&
!!!R(0*&'$/#&%/9,8
d
Additional++Infomation
!!!''':+-62%,:-71:29
!!! R(0*0$+(&ZFJWW&JWV&IJU&
!!!]90/$&.(,$2&7(%-975(%&2+,&4--)%&
!!!>25/&%#((/%&2+,&>;q?&
!!!^(6(7720&/-&>;?A&50$+$5%&
!!!;9%/720$2+&,$21+-%/$5&19$,(0$+(%&
!!!D-520&2+,&$+/(7+2/$-+20&7(%(275#&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!i%(690&0$+)%&Z;9%/720$2+&2+,&S+/(7+2/$-+20&
!!!>;?A&%9**-7/&17-9*&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!^(19027&(c('%0(//(7
d
BONUS: FASD Resource for Teachers
Week$4-Contemporary$Issues-FASD
?9+,28L&M&]275#&IWFU
U<IW&*.
Reading
!!!"#$%&'(()&%*(+,&%-.(&/$.(&0--)$+1&2/&2&#(20/#3'(00!4($+1&/-*$5&/#2/&$%&-6&
$+/(7(%/&/-&8-9:&;&1--,&*025(&/-&%/27/&
$% #//*%<33''':#(20/#,$7(5/:1-=:293)$,%!#(20/#
▪
This+Weeks+Quote
---I+am+not+what+happened+to+me. I+am+what+I+choose+to+be:&Carl+Gustav+Jung
▪
Learning+Outcomes
!!!"#$% '(()&/#( 6-59%$%&-+ >(/20&;05-#-0&?8+,7-.(&@>;?AB&2+,&-/#(7&
5-+/(.*-7278&$%%9(%&/#2/&8-9&'$00&(+5-9+/(7&$+&8-97&527((7: C8&/#(&(+,&-6&
8-97&0(27+$+1&/#$% '(()&8-9&'$00=(&.2,( *7-17(%%&-+&/#(&6-00-'$+1&
D(27+$+1&E9/5-.(%<
F:&GH*02$+&)(8&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1&,(42/(%&2+,&%-975(%&67-.&2&57$/$520&
*(7%*(5/$=(:
▪
I:&;+208%(&2+,&,$%59%%&/#7-91#&%*(5$6$5&7(%-975(%&2+,&/(25#$+1&%/72/(1$(%&
5-+/(.*-7278&2%*(5/%&-6&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
J:&K7$/$52008&7(60(5/&-+&/#(&2%%9.*/$-+%&/#2/&9+,(7*$+&*(7%-+20&2+,&
*7-6(%%$-+20&*725/$5(&2%&/#(8&7(02/(&/-&#(20/#L&%26(/8&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
M:&;+208%(&2+,&(=2092/(&5977(+/&(=$,(+5(!42%(,&%-975(%&/-&$009%/72/(&*(7%-+20&
2+,&%-5$20&,(/(7.$+2+/%&-6&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
Topic+Overview
!!!"#(7(&27(&.2+8&27(2%&$+&/#$%&/-*$5:&N(&'$00&6-59%&-+&%-.(&)(8&,(/(7.$+2+/%&
-6&#(20/#:&
!!!N(&5-90,=(&5-=(7(,&/-*$5%&%95#&2%&#(20/#&%/2/9%&2+,&-9/5-.(%L&7$%)&2+,&
*7-/(5/$=(&625/-7%&$+609(+5$+1&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1L&(2708&0(27+$+1&2+,&
(,952/$-+L&62.$08&2+,&5-..9+$/8&(+=$7-+.(+/%L&%26(/8&2+,&%(597$/8&2+,&
%8%/(.&*(76-7.2+5(:
!!!"#(&(2708&8(27%&-6&2&5#$0,O%&0$6(&*7-=$,(&/#(&6-9+,2/$-+&6-7&69/97(&#(2/#L&
,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&'(004($+1
!!!P--,&#(20/#&$%&2+&$.*-7/2+/&(0(.(+/&$+&2&5#$0,O%&Q920$/8&-6&0$6(&2%&$/&52+&
$+609(+5(&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&.2+8&2%*(5/%&-6&0$6(L&$+509,$+1&%5#--0$+1&2+,&
7(57(2/$-+:
!!!R(20/#8&5#$0,&,(=(0-*.(+/&#(0*%&/-&*7(=(+/&,$%(2%(&4-/#&$+&/#(&%#-7/&2+,&
0-+1&/(7.L&'#$0(&*-%$/$=(&(2708&0(27+$+1&(H*(7$(+5(%& %/$.902/(&472$+&
,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&$.*7-=(&0(27+$+1&-9/5-.(%&6-7&5#$0,7(+:
▪
S+62+/&2+,&5#$0,&,(2/#72/(%&*7-=$,(&$+%$1#/&$+/-&/#(&%-5$20&2+,&(+=$7-+.(+/20&5-+,$/$-+%&$+&'#$5#&5#$0,7(+&
17-'&2+,&,(=(0-*:
▪
A(2/#&72/(%=(&.-7(&/#2+=(,&6-7&;9%/720$2+&$+62+/%&2+,&5#$0,7(+&4(/'((+&FTUV&2+,&IWFW&@67-.&U:U&
/-&M:I&,(2/#%&*(7&FLWWW&0$=(&4$7/#%
▪
!!!;9%/720$2%&7(,95(,&$+62+/&2+,&5#$0,&,(2/#%L&*27/$5902708&/#7-91#&/#(&'-7)&-6&+(-+2/20&$+/(+%$=(&527(&9+$/%L&
$+57(2%(,&5-..9+$/8&2'27(+(%%&-6&/#(&7$%)&625/-7%&6-7&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(&@?SA?BL&2+,&7(,95/$-+%&$+&
=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%&/#7-91#&+2/$-+20&5#$0,#--,&$..9+$%2/$-+&*7-172.%:
C7(2%/6((,$+1 *7-=$,(%&/#(&4(%/&+9/7$/$-+20&%/27/&6-7&$+62+/%&2+,&*7-.-/(%&/#($7&#(20/#8&17-'/#&2+,&
,(=(0-*.(+/:
▪
;0.-%/&I&$+&X&@JTYB&424$(%&'(7(&(H509%$=(08&47(2%/6(,&/-&27-9+,&M .-+/#%
▪
!!!"#(7(&$%&17-'$+1&(=$,(+5(&/#2/&47(2%/6((,$+1&.28=(&'$,(!72+1$+1&4(+(6$/%&$+&$+62+58&2+,&02/(7&$+&0$6(L&
$+509,$+1&$.*7-=(,&.-/#(7Z$+62+/&4-+,$+1[&*7-/(5/$-+&212$+%/&$+6(5/$-9%&,$%(2%(%[&2+,&7(,95(,&7$%)&-6&%9,,(+&
$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(L&"8*(&F&,$24(/(%&2+,&%-.(&5#$0,#--,&52+5(7%:&S+&;9%/720$2&2+,&$+/(7+2/$-+2008L&$/&$%&
7(5-..(+,(,&/#2/&$+62+/%&4(&(H509%$=(08&47(2%/6(,&9*&/-&V&.-+/#%&-6&21(:
P--,&-720&#(20/# $+&5#$0,#--,&5-+/7$49/(%&/-&4(//(7&'(004($+1&2+,&$.*7-=(,&,(+/20&-9/5-.(%&$+&
2,90/#--,L&7(%90/$+1&$+&0(%%&,(528&2+,&/#(&0-%%&-6&6('(7&+2/9720&/((/#:
▪
MXY&-6 V&8(27&-0,% 2+,&JTY&-6 FI&8(27&-0,% #2,&,(+/20&,(528&$+&IWW\:
▪
!!!;%& '(00&2%&/#(&*2$+L&,$%5-.6-7/&2+,&,$66$590/$(%&$+&(2/$+1&/#2/&27(&529%(,&48&,(+/20&,$%(2%(L&*--7&-720&#(20/#&52+&
266(5/&-97&Q920$/8&-6&0$6(L&%-5$20&$+/(725/$-+%&2+,&%(06!(%/((.:&K#$0,7(+&'$/#&*--7&,(+/20&#(20/#&.28&,(.-+%/72/(&
*7-40(.%&$+&4(#2=$-97L&*((7&$+/(725/$-+&2+,&%5#--0&24%(+5(%L&'#$5#&$+&/97+&52+&+(12/$=(08&266(5/&252,(.$5&
*(76-7.2+5(:&]-%/&,(+/20&,$%(2%(%&27(&0271(08&*7(=(+/240(L&49/&20/#-91#&/#(&*7(=20(+5(&-6&,(+/20&,(528&$+&
;9%/720$2+&5#$0,7(+&2**(27%&/-&4(&,(57(2%$+1&-=(7&/$.(L&7$%)&625/-7%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&,$(/LQ$(+(&2+,&-720&527(&
7(.2$+:
"#(&(2708&8(27%&-6&2&5#$0,O%&0$6(&27(&$.*-7/2+/&6-7&0$/(7258 %)$00%:&^(2,$+1&/-&5#$0,7(+&5-+/7$49/(%&/-&/#(&(2708&
,(=(0-*.(+/&-6&=-52490278&2+,&0$%/(+$+1&5-.*7(#(+%$-+:
▪
;0.-%/&J&$+&M&@\MYB&5#$0,7(+&9+,(7&I&'(7(&7(2,&/-&-7&/-0,&%/-7$(%&7(1902708&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!D(27+$+1&/-&7(2,&266(5/%&2&5#$0,O%&'(004($+1:&_--7&7(2,$+1&%)$00%&52+&2,=(7%(08&266(5/&%5#--0&*(76-7.2+5(L&'$/#&/#(&
(66(5/%&02%/$+1&$+/-&2,90/#--,:&^(2,$+1&/-&5#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&(2708&8(27%&$%&7(127,(,&2%&2&0$)(08&2$,&/-&0$/(7258&%955(%%:
K#$0,7(+&(+/(7$+1&%5#--0 '$/#&42%$5&%)$00%&6-7&0$6(&2+,&0(27+$+1=(&#$1#(7&0(=(0%&-6&%-5$20&5-.*(/(+5(&2+,&
252,(.$5 25#$(=(.(+/L 2+,&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&(H*(7$(+5(&2&%955(%%690&/72+%$/$-+&/-&*7$.278&%5#--0:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&M&5#$0,7(+&'(7(&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&=90+(7240(&2/&%5#--0&(+/78:
▪
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27( 7(1902708&24%(+/&67-.&%5#--0 .28&.$%%&-9/&-+&57$/$520&%/21(%&-6&0(27+$+1&2+,&,(=(0-*.(+/&
2+,&27(&0(%%&0$)(08&/-&25#$(=(&(,952/$-+20&2+,&0$6(&%955(%%:
▪
;//(+,2+5(&72/(%&6-7&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&72+1(,&67-.&UMY&/-&TXY&6-7&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&257-%%&%5#--0&%(5/-7%&
2+,&%/2/(%&2+,&/(77$/-7$(%&$+&IWWT:
▪
!!!A$66(7(+5(%&$+&5#$0,7(+O%&,(=(0-*.(+/&(.(71(&(2708&2+,&27(&(=$,(+/&48&/#(&/$.(&/#(8&7(25#&%5#--0:&K#$0,7(+&'#-&
(+/(7&%5#--0&'#(+&/#(8&27(&+-/&7(2,8&6-7&/#$%&/8*(&-6&(,952/$-+20&%(//$+1=(&0-'(7&0(=(0%&-6&252,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/&2+,&27(&2/&2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&/((+21(&*27(+/#--,L&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&1(//$+1&$+/-&/7-940(&
'$/#&/#(&02'&2+,&*--7(7&a-4&-9/5-.(%:
D$/(7258&2+,&+9.(7258&%)$00% (+240(&5#$0,7(+&/-&(+121(&$+&0(27+$+1&2+,&90/$.2/(08&/-&69008&*27/$5$*2/(&$+&
%-5$(/8&2+,&0(2,&*7-,95/$=(&0$=(%:
▪
TIY&-6&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&.(/&/#(&.$+$.9.&%/2+,27,&6-7&7(2,$+1&2+,&TMY&6-7&+9.(7258&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!?5#--0&2//(+,2+5(&#(0*%&5#$0,7(+&,(=(0-*&/#(&42%$5&49$0,$+1&40-5)%&6-7&0(27+$+1&2+,&(,952/$-+20&2//2$+.(+/L&2%&
'(00&2%&%-5$20&%)$00%&%95#&2%&6-7.$+1&67$(+,%#$*%:&^(19027&2//(+,2+5(&2+,&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&%5#--0&$%&2&+2/$-+20&
(,952/$-+&1-20:
"((+21(&.-/#(7#--,&*-%(%&%$1+$6$52+/&0-+1!/(7.&7$%)%&6-7&4-/#&.-/#(7&2+,&5#$0,L&$+509,$+1&*--7(7&#(20/#L&
(,952/$-+20&2+,&(5-+-.$5&-9/5-.(%:
▪
F&$+&IX&0$=(&4$7/#%&$+&;9%/720$2&$+&IWWT '(7( /-&/((+21(&.-/#(7%:
▪
D$/(7258&.(2+%&.-7(&/#2+&a9%/&4($+1&240(&/-&7(2,&2+,&'7$/(b$/&$%&7(02/(,&/-&0(27+$+1&$+&200&27(2%&2+,&(+240(%&*(-*0(&
/-&,(=(0-*&)+-'0(,1(&2+,&9+,(7%/2+,$+1:&c9.(7258&$%&20%-&5(+/720&/-&0$6(&$+%$,(&2+,&-9/%$,(%5#--0L 2+,&$%&
$.*-7/2+/&$+&.2+8&-559*2/$-+%&2%&'(00&2%&,2$08&0$6(:
C24$(%&'#-&27(&4-7+&'$/#&0-'&4$7/#&'($1#/27(&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&*--7&#(20/#L&,$%24$0$/8&2+,&,(2/#&/#2+&
-/#(7&424$(%:
▪
F&$+&FV&@V:IYB&0$=(4-7+&424$(%&'($1#(,&0(%%&/#2+&ILXWW 172.% 2/&4$7/#&$+&IWWT:
▪
!!!C24$(%&4-7+&/-&/((+21(&.-/#(7%=(&2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&*7(!/(7.&4$7/#L&0-'4$7/#'($1#/2+,&2%%-5$2/(,&
5-.*0$52/$-+%:&"((+21(&.-/#(7%&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&4(&2&0-+(&*27(+/L&0$=(&$+&27(2%&-6&17(2/(7&,$%2,=2+/21(L&%.-)(&
2+,=(&0-'(7&0(=(0%&-6&(,952/$-+:&N#$0(&+-/&200&/((+21(&4$7/#%&7(%90/&$+&+(12/$=(&-9/5-.(%&6-7&.-/#(7&2+,&5#$0,L&
/#(&625/-7%&/#2/&-6/(+&5-+/7$49/(&/-&/((+21(&4$7/#&.(2+&/#2/&.2+8&8-9+1&.-/#(7%&,-&+-/&7(5($=(&/#(&%9**-7/&/#(8&
+((,&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&2+,&26/(7&/#(&4$7/#:
!!!C$7/#'($1#/&266(5/%&2&4248O%&5#2+5(&-6&%97=$=20&2+,&1--,&#(20/#:&;&4$7/#'($1#/&4(0-'&ILXWW 172.% $%&5-+%$,(7(,&
0-'&2+,&$%&2&)+-'+&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&+(97-0-1$520&2+,&*#8%$520&,$%24$0$/$(%L&'$/#&/#(&7$%)&-6&2,=(7%(&-9/5-.(%&
$+57(2%$+1&'$/#&,(57(2%$+1&4$7/#'($1#/:
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&-=(7'($1#/ -7&-4(%(&27(&2/&7$%)&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&5-+,$/$-+%L&%95#&2%&2%/#.2L&
527,$-=2%59027&5-+,$/$-+%&2+,&"8*(&I&,$24(/(%:
▪
E=(7&F&$+ X&@IJYB&5#$0,7(+&21(,&XZFM&'(7(&-=(7'($1#/&-7&-4(%(&$+&IWW\ZWU:
▪
!!!S+&2,,$/$-+&/-&/#($7&*#8%$520&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&-=(7'($1#/&2+,&-4(%(&5#$0,7(+&27(&67(Q9(+/08&=$5/$.$%(,&2+,&
/(2%(,&48&/#($7&*((7%L&'#$5#&52+&5-+/7$49/(&/-&*--7&*((7&7(02/$-+%#$*%&2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&'(00!4($+1:&K#$0,7(+&'#-&
5-+/$+9(&/-&4(&-=(7'($1#/&-7&-4(%(&$+/-&2,90/#--,&27(&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&5-7-+278&#(27/&,$%(2%(L&%-.(&52+5(7%L&2+,&
2&+9.4(7&-6&-/#(7&#(20/#&,$%-7,(7%:
GH*-%97(&/-&/-4255-&%.-)(*9/%&5#$0,7(+&2/&7$%)&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&$+509,$+1&2%/#.2L&7(%*$72/-78&
/725/&$+6(5/$-+%&2+,&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(:
▪
S+&VY&-6&;9%/720$2+&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+L&%-.(-+(&7(1902708&%.-)(,&$+%$,(&$+&IWFW:
▪
"-4255-&%.-)$+1&$%&/#(&0(2,$+1&529%(&-6&*7(=(+/240(&,(2/#%&$+&;9%/720$2&2+,&27-9+,&/#(&'-70,:&_(-*0(&'#-&
4(1$+&%.-)$+1&2/&2&8-9+1&21(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&5-+/$+9(&%.-)$+1&$+/-&2,90/#--,:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&IX&@J:UYB&%/9,(+/%&21(,&FIZFM&'(7(&%.-)(7%&$+&IWWU:
▪
!!!"-4255-&%.-)(&5-+/2$+%&+9.(7-9%&/-H$5&2+,&52+5(7!529%$+1&5#(.$520%&/#2/&$+57(2%(&/#(&7$%)&-6&2,=(7%(&#(20 /#&
-9/5-.(%&6-7&5#$0,7(+:&"#(7(&$%&+-&%26(&0(=(0&-6&(H*-%97(L&2+,&5#$0,7(+&'$/#&*27(+/%&'#-&%.-)(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&
/2)(&9*&%.-)$+1&02/(7&$+&0$6(:
!!!"-4255-&9%(&529%(%&,2.21(&/-&+(2708&(=(78&-712+&$+&/#( 4-,8L 2+,&7(%90/%&$+&5-+%$,(7240(&$00&#(20/#:&S+&/#(&0-+1&
/(7.L&$/&$%&2&.2a-7&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&2&+9.4(7&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&5-+,$/$-+%&$+509,$+1&5-7-+278&#(27/&,$%(2%(L&5#7-+$5&
-4%/795/$=(&*90.-+278&,$%(2%(L&%/7-)(L&*(7$*#(720&=2%59027&,$%(2%(L&+9.(7-9%&52+5(7%L&2+,&2&+9.4(7&-6&-/#(7&
,$%(2%(%&2+,&5-+,$/$-+%:&]-%/&%.-)(7%&/2)(&9*&/#($/&$+&2,-0(%5(+5(&2+,&/#-%(&'#-&4(1$+&%.-)$+1&'#(+&/#(8&
27(&FI&-7&FJ&%.-)(&.-7(&5$127(//(%&*(7&,28&/#2+&/#-%(&'#-&4(1$+&%.-)$+1&'#(+&/#(8&27(&-0,(7:
?.-)$+1 ,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&$%&2&%$1+$6$52+/&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&/#(&.-/#(7&2+,&#(7&9+4-7+&4248:&S/&$+57(2%(%&/#(&
7$%)&-6&2&72+1(&-6&5-+,$/$-+%L&$+509,$+1&0-'4$7/#'($1#/L&*7(!/(7.&4$7/#L&*025(+/20&5-.*0$52/$-+%&2+,&
*(7$+2/20&.-7/20$/8:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&\&'-.(+&'#-&12=(&4$7/#&$+&IWWT&%.-)(,&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58:
▪
!!!"#(&(66(5/%&-6&%.-)$+1&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&*(7%$%/&$+/-&$+62+58&2+,&5#$0,#--,:&K#$0,7(+&'#-%(&.-/#(7%&%.-)(,&
'#$0(&/#(8&'(7(&*7(1+2+/=(&4((+&6-9+,&/-&4(&2/&#$1#(7&7$%)&-6&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(L&5#$0,#--,&
52+5(7%L&#$1#&40--,&*7(%%97(L&2%/#.2L&0-'(7(,&5-1+$/$=(&,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&-/#(7&%(7$-9%&*7-40(.%:
;05-#-0 9%(&2/&2&8-9+1&21(&$%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&.-7(&67(Q9(+/&9%(&,97$+1&02/(&2,-0(%5(+5(&2+,&2+&$+57(2%(,&
7$%)&-6&02/(7&,(*(+,(+5(:
d
;4-9/&F&$+&XW&@I:IYB&-6&FIZFM&8(27&-0, %/9,(+/%&$+&IWWU,&,79+)&.-7(&/#2+&6-97&%/2+,27,&,7$+)%&-+&2&
%$+10(&-552%$-+&$+&/#(&*7(=$-9%&'(():
d
]2/(7+20 205-#-0 9%(&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&$%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&%(=(7(&2,=(7%(&*(7$+2/20&-9/5-.(%L&%95#&2%&6(/20&
205-#-0&%8+,7-.(&2+,&205-#-0!7(02/(,&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&2+,&,(=(0-*.(+/20&,$%-7,(7%:
▪
;4-9/Î&@XFYB&-6&'-.(+&,72+)&205-#-0&'#$0(&*7(1+2+/&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!R(2=8&,7$+)$+1&52+=(&%$1+$6$52+/&2+,&,(/7$.(+/20&(66(5/%&-+&472$+&,(=(0-*.(+/&,97$+1&/#(&(2708&8(27%:&
K#$0,7(+&2+,&2,-0(%5(+/%&'#-&,7$+)&27(&20%-&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&%966(7$+1&255$,(+/20&$+a978L&(H*(7$(+5$+1&*--7&.(+/20&
#(20/#&-7=$+1&%-5$20&*7-40(.%:&S+/-H$52/$-+&,97$+1&(2708&(H*(7$(+5(%&'$/#&205-#-0%&20%-&4((+&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&
2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&*7-40(.&,7$+)$+1&$+&2,90/#--,:
!!!GH*-%97(&/-&205-#-0&$+&/#(&9/(79%&$%&/#(&.-%/&5-..-+&*7(=(+/240(&529%(&-6&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&2+,&/#(&0(2,$+1&529%(&
-6&.(+/20&7(/27,2/$-+&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+:&;0/#-91#&/#(&7$%)&-6&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&$%&17(2/(%/&'$/#&#$1#L&67(Q9(+/&.2/(7+20&
205-#-0&$+/2)(&,97$+1&/#(&6$7%/&/7$.(%/(7L&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&/#7-91#-9/&*7(1+2+58L&$+509,$+1&4(6-7(&*7(1+2+58&$%&
5-+6$7.(,L&52+=(&5-+%(Q9(+5(%&6-7&6(/20&472$+&,(=(0-*.(+/:
D-'&62.$08&$+5-.(52+&2,=(7%(08&266(5/&/#(&#(20/#L&(,952/$-+&2+,&%(06!(%/((.&-6&5#$0,7(+:
▪
;0.-%/Î&2&.$00$-+&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFI,&2+&2=(721(&,$%*-%240(&$+5-.(&-6&eMJT&*(7&
'(()&$+&IWWTZFW:
▪
!!!>2.$0$(%&'$/#-9/&2,(Q92/(&$+5-.(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-=(&$+%966$5$(+/&7(%-975(%&/-&%9**-7/&2&.$+$.9.&%/2+,27,&
-6&0$=$+1:&"#$%&52+&266(5/&2&5#$0,O%&+9/7$/$-+&2+,&255(%%&/-&.(,$520&527(L&/#(&%26(/8&-6&/#($7&(+=$7-+.(+/&2+,&/#(&
62.$08O%&24$0$/8&/-&*7-=$,(&2**7-*7$2/(&#-9%$+1L&#(2/$+1&2+,&50-/#$+1:&K#$0,7(+&67-.&0-'!$+5-.(&62.$0$(%&27(&20%-&
.-7(&*7-+(&/-&*%85#-0-1$520&-7&%-5$20&,$66$590/$(%&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&*7-40(.%:
?-.(&*27(+/%&52++-/&*7-=$,(&2,(Q92/(&527(&6-7&/#($7&5#$0,7(+L&7(%90/$+1&$+&/#(&5#$0,7(+&4($+1&*025(,&$+&/#(&
527(&-6&7(02/$=(%L 6-%/(7&62.$0$(% -7&$+&7(%$,(+/$20&527(:
▪
;4-9/&JILWWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFM&'(7(&0$=$+1&$+&-9/!-6!#-.(&527(&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!N#$0(&.-%/&;9%/720$2+&5#$0,7(+&0$=(&'$/#&-+(&-7&4-/#&4$-0-1$520&*27(+/%L&%-.(&,-&+-/:&"#(&7(2%-+%&6-7&
/#$% =278L 49/&$+509,(&249%(&-7&+(10(5/L&*27(+/20&%94%/2+5(&249%(L&62.$08&=$-0(+5(L&/#(&,(2/#&-6&-+(&-7&4-/#&
*27(+/%L&2&5#$0,O%&,$%24$0$/8&-7&*--7&#(20/#L&-7&4(529%(&2&*27(+/&$%&$+&a2$0:
^2$%$+1&5#$0,7(+&$+=-0=(%&*#8%$520L&(.-/$-+20&2+,&6$+2+5$20&,(.2+,%&/#2/&52+&*-%(&4$1&5#200(+1(%&/-&2&
*27(+/&'$/#&*#8%$520&-7&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%&-7&,$%24$0$/8:
▪
J&$+&IW&@FXYB&*27(+/%&0$=$+1&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&'(7(&266(5/(,&48&*--7&.(+/20&#(20/#&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!D$=$+1&'$/#&2&5#7-+$52008&$00&*27(+/&52+&4(&%/7(%%690&6-7&5#$0,7(+&2+,&+(12/$=(08&266(5/&/#($7&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1:&S+&
/#(%(&5$759.%/2+5(%L&/#(&*#8%$520L&(.-/$-+20&-7&(5-+-.$5&+((,%&-6&5#$0,7(+&.28&+-/&4(&69008&.(/L&$+57(2%$+1&/#($7&
7$%)&-6&0-+1!/(7.&.(+/20&#(20/#&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&*7-40(.%:&"#(8&.28&20%-=(&/-&/2)(&-+&17(2/(7&7(%*-+%$4$0$/8L&
$+509,$+1&527(&6-7&/#(&*27(+/L&'#$5#&.28&7(%/7$5/&/#($7&$+=-0=(.(+/&$+&2&72+1(&-6&25/$=$/$(%:&K#$0,7(+&0$=$+1&'$/#&2&
*27(+/&'$/#&2&.(+/20&$00+(%%&.28&4(&2/&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&%-5$20L&*%85#-0-1$520L&4(#2=$-9720&2+,&*#8%$520&#(20/#&
*7-40(.%L&2%&'(00&2%&5-1+$/$=(&,(=(0-*.(+/&*7-40(.%:
K#$0,7(+&27(&%#2*(,&+-/&-+08&48&/#($7&62.$08 (+=$7-+.(+/L 49/&20%-&48&/#(&+($1#4-97#--,$+&'#$5#&/#(8&
0$=(:
▪
;0.-%/&V&$+&\&@UXYB&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&6(0/&%26(&-7&=(78&%26(&2/&#-.(&20-+(&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!_27(+/20&*(75(*/$-+&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&%26(/8&$%&-+(&-6&/#(&.-%/&5-..-+&$+,$52/-7%&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&Q920$/8&
2+,&52+=(&2&4$1&$.*25/&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#L&,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&'(004($+1&R-'&%26(&*(-*0(&6((0&'#(+&/#(8&27(&2/&
#-.(&20-+(&,97$+1&($/#(7&/#(&,28&-7&+$1#/&7(6(7%&/-&$+,$=$,920%O&*(75(*/$-+%&-6&#-'&=90+(7240(&/#(8&6((0&/-&*(7%-+20&
#27.:&_27(+/20&*(75(*/$-+&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&%26(/8&52+&266(5/&5#$0,7(+O%&,2$08&25/$=$/$(%&2%&2&6(27&-6&(H*-%$+1&-+(O%&
5#$0,7(+&/-&7$%)%&.28&0(2,&*27(+/%&/-&7(%/7$5/&/#($7&5#$0,7(+&67-.&-9/,--7&25/$=$/$(%:
>2.$0$(%&'$/#&7$5#&%-5$20&+(/'-7)%=(&17(2/(7&255(%%&/-&67$(+,%&2+,&+($1#4-97%&/-&#(0*&.2+21(&/#($7&,2$08&
0$=(%&2+,&*7-40(.%:
▪
]-7(&/#2+&FT&$+&IW&@TVYB&-6&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+ #2,&255(%%&/-&%9**-7/&$+&/$.(&-6&57$%$%&$+&IWFW:
▪
S+a97$(% 27(&2&0(2,$+1&529%(&-6&,(2/#&2+,&#-%*$/20$%2/$-+&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+&49/&52+&4(&7(,95(,&48&5-+/7-00$+1&
#2f27,%&$+&2&5#$0,O%&(+=$7-+.(+/:
▪
S+a978&,(2/#&72/(%&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+&21(,&FZFM=(=(,&4(/'((+&FTT\&2+,&IWFW&@67-.&FW&/-&X&,(2/#%&
*(7&FWWLWWWB:
▪
!!!?-5$20&52*$/20&$%&/#(&+2.(&1$=(+&/-&Q920$/8&7(02/$-+%#$*%&/#2/&(+240(&*(-*0(&/-&%#27(&(H*(7$(+5(%&-7&7(%-0=(&
*7-40(.%:&R2=$+1&%-.(-+(&/-&7(08&-+&$+&2+&(.(71(+58&$%&2&=$/20&%26(/8&+(/L&*27/$5902708&6-7&62.$0$(%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+:&
>-7&5#$0,7(+L&/#(&4(+(6$/%&-6&%-5$20&52*$/20&$+509,(&7(,95(,&%5#--0&,7-*-9/&72/(%&2+,&*-%$/$=(&.(+/20&#(20/#&2+,&
4(#2=$-9720&-9/5-.(%&$+&5#$0,#--,&2+,&02/(7&0$6(:&?/7-+1&%-5$20&52*$/20&52+&*7-/(5/&5#$0,7(+&67-.&/#(&2,=(7%(&(66(5/%&
-6&%-5$-(5-+-.$5&,$%2,=2+/21(:
!!!K#$0,#--,&$+a97$(%&52+=(&*7-6-9+,&2+,&0$6(0-+1&(66(5/%L&$+509,$+1&*(7.2+(+/&*#8%$520&,$%24$0$/$(%&-7&0-+1!/(7.&
5-1+$/$=(&-7&*%85#-0-1$520&,2.21(:&K#$0,7(+&27(&*27/$5902708&=90+(7240(&/-&5(7/2$+&/8*(%&-6&$+a978&,(*(+,$+1&-+&
/#($7&21(L&'$/#&-0,(7&5#$0,7(+&$+57(2%$+108&$+609(+5(,&48&4(#2=$-97&$+&2,,$/$-+&/-&/#($7&*#8%$520&2+,&%-5$20&
(+=$7-+.(+/:
g$5/$.%&-6&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/ .28&(H*(7$(+5(&0-'(7&%-5$20&5-.*(/(+5(L&*--7&%5#--0&*(76-7.2+5(&2+,&
$.*2$7(,&02+1921(&24$0$/8L&2+,&27(&2/&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&57$.$+20&-66(+,$+1&2+,&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%:
▪
IXLMWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFI&'(7(&/#(&%94a(5/&-6&%94%/2+/$2/(,&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&+-/$6$52/$-+%&$+&IWFWZFF:
▪
!!!N#$0(&.-%/&5#$0,7(+&$+&;9%/720$2&17-'&9*&$+&%26(&62.$08&(+=$7-+.(+/%L&%-.(&27(&249%(,&2+,3-7&+(10(5/(,L&'#$5#&
52+&529%(%$1+$6$52+/L 0-+1!/(7..:&;,=(7%(&(66(5/%&27( ,$=(7%(L 2+,&.28&$+509,(&*--7&%-5$20&2+,&252,(.$5&%)$00%L&
2&#$1#(7&0$)(0$#--,&-6&57$.$+20&-66(+,$+1&-7&.(+/20&#(20/#&$%%9(%&%95#&2%&(2/$+1&,$%-7,(7%L&%94%/2+5(&249%(&2+,&
,(*7(%%$-+:
_#8%$520&2+,&%(H920&2%%290/ 52+=(&2&72+1(&-6&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&+(12/$=(&(66(5/%&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&*#8%$520&
2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&#(20/#:
▪
VL\WW&5#$0,7(+&@-7&FX\&*(7&FWWLWWW&5#$0,7(+B&21(,&WZFM&'(7(&7(*-7/(,&=$5/$.%&-6&%(H920&2%%290/&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!C($+1&2&=$5/$.&-6&=$-0(+5(&52+&4(&,(/7$.(+/20&/-&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#L&%(+%(&-6&%26(/8&2+,&%(597$/8L&2+,&/#($7&6((0$+1%&
24-9/&/#(&69/97(:&_#8%$520&2+,&%(H920&2%%290/&52+=(&5-.*0(H&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&+(12/$=(&(66(5/%&-+&/#(&
*#8%$520&2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&#(20/#&-6&5#$0,7(+:&C($+1&=$5/$.$%(,&.28&0(2,&/-&,$.$+$%#(,&(,952/$-+20&2//2$+.(+/&2+,&
%-5$20&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&(2708&2,90/#--,L&2+,&7(%90/&$+&*#8%$520&$+a978L&%9$5$,20&$,(2/$-+&2+,&4(#2=$-97L&,(*7(%%$-+L&
,$%24$0$/8&2+,&(=(+&,(2/#:
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&#-.(0(%% 27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&5-+/$+9(&/-&4(&#-.(0(%%&$+/-&2,90/#--,:
▪
;4-9/&UWLUWW&@FT&-9/&-6&(=(78&FLWWWB&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFM&255-.*2+$(,&2&*27(+/31927,$2+&/-&2&
#-.(0(%%+(%%&21(+58&$+&IWFWZFF:
▪
!!!R-.(0(%%+(%%%&,(/7$.(+/20&(66(5/%&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1:&C24$(%&2+,&/-,,0(7%&.28=(&,(028(,&
*#8%$520&2+,&.(+/20&,(=(0-*.(+/[&-0,(7&5#$0,7(+&52+&(H*(7$(+5(&%/7(%%L&2+H$(/8&2+,&#$1#&72/(%&-6&.(+/20&#(20/#&
*7-40(.%&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&,$%-7,(7%:&"#(&529%(%&-6&#-.(0(%%+(%%&27(&5-.*0(H&2+,&.28&$+509,(&(5-+-.$5&625/-7%&
%95#&2%&*-=(7/8L&9+(.*0-8.(+/L&$+57(2%(,&#-9%$+1&5-%/%&-7&2+&9+%/240(&#-.(&(+=$7-+.(+/&529%(,&48&,-.(%/$5&
=$-0(+5(:
K#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%8%/(. 27(&2/&7$%)&-6&5-+/$+9(,&2+,&.-7(&%(7$-9%&-66(+,$+1&02/(7&$+&0$6(:
▪
UF&$+&(=(78&FWWLWWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&FWZFM&'(7(&9+,(7&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%9*(7=$%$-+&-+&2+&2=(721(&,28&$+&
IWWTZFW:
▪
!!!"#(7(&$%&'$,(%*7(2,&(=$,(+5(&/#2/&72/(%&-6&-66(+,$+1&/(+,&/-&*(2)&$+&2,-0(%5(+5(L&49/&6-7&.2+8&/#$%&4(#2=$-97&$%&
%#-7/!0$=(,&2+,&/#(&-66(+5(%&27(&7(02/$=(08&.$+-7:&>-7&2&%.200&+9.4(7&-65#$0,7(+ /#$%&4(#2=$-97&4(5-.(%&.-7(&
%(7$-9%&2+,&*(7%$%/(+/&2+,&.28&7(%90/&$+&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%9*(7=$%$-+:&^(%(275#&$+,$52/(%&/#2/&5#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&a9=(+$0(&
a9%/$5(&%8%/(.&5-..-+08&5-.(&67-.&.-7(&,$%2,=2+/21(,&%-5$-(5-+-.$5&425)17-9+,%L=(&0-'&0(=(0%&-6&
(,952/$-+L&2+,=(&%966(7(,&#$1#&72/(%&-6&5#$0,#--,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/:
"#(&0(=(0&-6&$..9+$%2/$-+5-=(721(&7(60(5/%&/#(&52*25$/8&-6&/#(&#(20/#!527(&%8%/(.&/-&*7-=$,(&=255$+2/$-+%&
/-&5#$0,7(+:
▪
]-7(&/#2+&T&$+&FW&@TJYB&I!8(27!-0,&5#$0,7(+&$+&;9%/720$2&'(7(&69008&$..9+$%(,&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&+-/&69008&$..9+$%(,&27(&2/&7$%)&-6&5-+/725/$+1&=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%L&%95#&2%&,$*#/#(7$2L&
/(/2+9%L&.(2%0(%&2+,&*-0$-L&2+,&/#(&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&#(20/#&5-+%(Q9(+5(%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&/#(%(:&
S..9+$%2/$-+&20%-&*028%&2&7-0(&$+&*7-/(5/$+1&$+,$=$,920%&'#-&27(&+-/&$..9+$%(,L&/#7-91#&/#(&5-+5(*/&-6&h#(7,&
$..9+$/8O:&S..9+$%2/$-+&5-=(721(&+((,%&/-&(H5((,&TWY&$+&-7,(7&/-&25#$(=(&2+,&.2$+/2$+&/#(&0(=(0&-6&#(7,&
$..9+$/8&+((,(,&/-&$+/(779*/&/#(&%*7(2,&-6&=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%:
"#(&+9.4(7&-6&5#$0,7(+&'#-&%97=$=(&0(9)2(.$2 5-+/$+9(%&/-&$.*7-=(&/#7-91#&2,=2+5(%&$+&,(/(5/$-+L&
/7(2/.(+/L&7(%(275#&2+,&/(5#+-0-18L&2+,&/#(&,(=(0-*.(+/&-6&%*(5$20$%(,&/7(2/.(+/&5(+/7(%&2+,&*7-/-5-0%:
▪
>$=(!8(27&7(02/$=(&%97=$=20&6-7&5#$0,7(+&'$/#&0(9)2(.$2&$+57(2%(,&67-.&V\Y&/-&U\Y&4(/'((+&FTUJZFTUT&2+,&
IWWMZIWFW:
▪
!!!?955(%%690&/7(2/.(+/&-6&0(9)2(.$2&,(*(+,%&-+&/#(&(66(5/$=(+(%%&-6&/#(&#(20/#!527(&%8%/(.&$+&2&+9.4(7&-6&27(2%L&
$+509,$+1&(2708&,(/(5/$-+L&255(%%&/-&2**7-*7$2/(&/7(2/.(+/L 5-0024-72/$-+ 4(/'((+&#(20/#!527(&*7-6(%%$-+20%L&2+,&
-+1-$+1&.(,$520&7(%(275#&2+,&50$+$520&/7$20%:&A(%*$/(&$.*7-=(.(+/%&$+&%97=$=20L&0(9)2(.$2&7(.2$+(,&-+(&-6&/#(&
0271(%/&5-+/7$49/-7%&/-&5#$0,#--,&52+5(7&,(2/#%&$+&IWWUZIWFW:
^(!%94%/2+/$2/$-+&72/(%&27(&-+(&.(2%97(&-6&#-'&%955(%%690&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%8%/(.% 27(&$+&*7(=(+/$+1&/#(&
7(5977(+5(&-6&5#$0,&249%(&-7&+(10(5/:
▪
;57-%%&a97$%,$5/$-+%&$+&IWWTZFWL&7(!%94%/2+/$2/$-+&72/(%&=27$(,&67-.&J:FY&/-&IX:FY&'$/#$+&FI&.-+/#%&-6&/#(&
-7$1$+20&%94%/2+/$2/$-+:
▪
!!!^2/(%&-6&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%94%/2+/$2/$-+&2+,&5#$0,7(+&-+&527(&2+,&*7-/(5/$-+&-7,(7%&27(&)(8&$+,$52/-7%&-6&
7(*-7/(,&0(=(0%&-6&5#$0,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/:&"#(&9+,(708$+1&625/-7%&/#2/&0(2,&/-&%-.(&62.$0$(%&7(*(2/(,08&5-.$+1&
$+/-&5-+/25/&'$/#&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%8%/(.%&$+509,(&0-'&$+5-.(L&%94%/2+5(&249%(L&.(+/20&#(20/#&$%%9(%L&%-0(&
*27(+/$+1&2+,&2&025)&-6&255(%%&/-&%9**-7/:
GH5(%%$=(&%57((+&/$.(F:
E4(%$/8I:
c-/&(+-91#&*#8%$520&25/$=$/8J:
i+#(20/#8&,$(/M:
C9008$+1X:
S00(120&,791&9%(V:
>2.$08&2+,&,-.(%/$5&=$-0(+5(\:
S+/(7+(/&%26(/8U:
K#$0,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/T:
?9$5$,(FW:
!!!;%& %-5$(/8&5#2+1(% ,9(&/-&2,=2+5(%&$+&#(20/#527(&2+,&/(5#+-0-18&2+,&2%&'(&7(672.(&'#2/&$/&.(2+%&/-&4(&2&
0(27+(7&$+&/#(&IF%/&K(+/978L&#(20/#8&2+,&2&*7-,95/$=(&2+,&5-+/7$49/$+1&.(.4(7&-6&2&%-5$(/8&!/#(&#(20/#&5-+5(7+%&
-6&-97&8-9/#&'$00&20%-&5#2+1(:
!!!"#(&/-*&/(+&5#$0,&#(20/#&*7-40(.%&2%&/-0,&48&/#(&;9%/720$2+&*940$5&27(<
#//*%<33''':5#$0,#(20/#*-00:-71:293*-00%3/-*!FW!5#$0,!#(20/#!*7-40(.%3
Why+Should+I+Care?
!!!"#(&,2/2&24-=(&#$1#0$1#/%&/#(&$.*-7/2+/&0$+)%&4(/'((+&2&5#$0,O%&#(20/#&
%/2/9%&2+,&/#($7&'(00!4($+1&2+,&%94%(Q9(+/&252,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/: i+#(20/#8&)$,%&a9%/&,-+j/&0(27+&/-&/#($7&6900&*-/(+/$20k
d
What+is+FASD?
!!!>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&@>;?AB&$%&/#(&/(7.&9%(,&/-&,(%57$4(&/#(&
*#8%$520&2+,3-7&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,$%-7,(7&/#2/&52+&7(%90/&67-.&6(/20&
205-#-0&(H*-%97(:
!!!>;?A&$%&)+-'+&2%&/#(&lS+=$%$40(&A$%24$0$/8m&2%&$/&52+&266(5/&/#(&$+,$=$,920O%&
472$+&2+,&+(7=-9%&%8%/(.&'$/#-9/&2+8&-/#(7&=$%$40(&/72$/%&
!!!;%&2&7(%90/L&62.$0$(%&(H*(7$(+5(&/#(&5#2725/(7$%/$5%&-6&/#(&,$%-7,(7&'$/#-9/&
7(20$f$+1&$/O%&2&5-+%(Q9(+5(&-6&6(/20&205-#-0&
!!!>;?A&52+&.(2+&.(+/20L&*#8%$520L&4(#2=$-9720L&2+,3-7&0(27+$+1&,$%24$0$/$(%:&
d
Why+Does+it+Happen?
!!!>;?A&$%&+-/&2&1(+(/$5&5-+,$/$-+&2+,&$%&5-.*0(/(08&*7(=(+/240(&!$6&/#(&4$7/#&
.-/#(7&,-(%&+-/&,7$+)&205-#-0&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&
!!!S6&/#(&4$7/#&.-/#(7&,-(%&+-/&,7$+)&205-#-0&,97$+1&#(7&*7(1+2+58L&/#(&5#$0,&$%&
69008&*7-/(5/(,&67-.&/#(&,$%-7,(7&
!!!C9/n::&?$.*08&5#--%$+1&24%/$+(+5(&$%&-6/(+&/--&%$.*0$%/$5:&>-7&.2+8&
'-.(+L&$6&+-/&*02++$+1L&/#(8&.28&+-/&)+-'&/#(8&27(&(=(+&*7(1+2+/&-7&/#(8&
.28&+((,&#(0*&/-&%/-*&,7$+)$+1&@P72+/L&FTT\B:
d
How+Many+Have+It?
!!!>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&-7&>;?A&$%&(%/$.2/(,&/-&266(5/&F&$+&FWW&
$+62+/%&4-7+&(25#&8(27&@]28L&(/:&20:L&IWWTB:&
!!!S6&'(&255(*/&/#2/&MW!XWY&-6&*7(1+2+5$(%&27(&9+*02++(,L&$/&.28&4(&(H*-%97(&
-5597%&'$/#-9/&)+-'0(,1(&-6&*7(1+2+58&@?(,1#L&?$+1#&o&R9%%2$+L&IWFMB&
!!!;9%/720$2+&7(%(275#%&=27$-9%08&*7(,$5/(,&2%&.2+8&2%&UWY&-6&*7(1+2+5$(%&
.28&4(&(H*-%(,&/-&%-.(&0(=(0&-6&205-#-0&@EOp((66(&(/:&20:L&IWFXB
d
DGK"i^G<&"RG&DG;^cScP&KR;DDGcPG?&E>&KRSDA^Gc&NS"R&>G";D&;DKERED&
?_GK"^i]&AS?E^AG^?&
How+is+FASD+Assessed?
!!!"-&2%%(%%&2+&$+,$=$,920&-6&%9%*(5/(,&>;?AL&/#(&6-00-'$+1&(%%(+/$20&57$/(7$2&
.9%/&4(&5-+%$,(7(,&48&2&.90/$,$%5$*0$+278&,$21+-%/$5&/(2.<&
F:&]2/(7+20&205-#-0&9%(&2+,&-/#(7&(H*-%97(%&
I:&c(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&$.*2$7.(+/&
J:&>25$20&2+,&-/#(7&*#8%$520&6(2/97(%
!!!C-/#&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(&
%(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&-6&/#(&6-00-'$+1&,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%<&
C72$+&%/795/97(3c(97-0-18L&]-/-7&?)$00%L&K-1+$/$-+L&D2+1921(L&;52,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/L&](.-78L&;//(+/$-+L&GH(59/$=(&69+5/$-cL&;66(5/&7(1902/$-+L&
;,2*/$=(&4(#2=$-97
@C-'(7&o&G00$-//L&IWFVL&;9%/720$2+&P9$,(&/-&/#(&,$21+-%$%&-6&>;?AB
d
FASD+That+We+Can+See
"#(&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(L&6$7%/08<&
>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&Z'$/#&J&%(+/$+(0&625$20&6(2/97(%&
!!!_7(+2/20&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&$%&5-+6$7.(,&-7&9+)+-'+L&
!!!g$%$40(&625$20&,$66(7(+5(%&@K29%(,&'#(+&205-#-0&$%&5-+%9.(,&,97$+1&2&*(7$-,&
-6&/#(&*7(1+2+58&5200(,&12%/7902/$-+&'#$5#&-6/(+&-5597%&4(/'((+&/#(&F\/#&!
IW/#&,28&-6&*7(1+2+58BL&
!!!?(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%
d
FASD+That+We+Cannot+See
"#(&%(5-+,&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(%<
d
>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&Z'$/#&0(%%&/#2+&J&%(+/$+(0&625$20&6(2/97(%
!!!_7(+2/20&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&$%&5-+6$7.(A
!!!WL&FL&-7&I&=$%$40(&625$20&,$66(7(+5(%:
!!!?(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%
?-975(<&C-'(7&o&G00$-//L&IWFVL&;9%/720$2+&P9$,(&/-&/#(&,$21+-%$%&-6&
>;?A>;KiD"`&E>&GAiK;"SEc&FI
Multiple+Characteristics
?-.(&5#2725/(7$%/$5%&$+509,(L&49/&27(&+-/&0$.$/(,&/-<
!!!](.-78&*7-40(.%&
!!!A$66$590/8&%/-7$+1&2+,&7(/7$(=$+1&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&*(76-7.2+5(
!!! S.*90%$=$/8L&,$%/725/$4$0$/8L&,$%-712+$f2/$-+&
!!!;4$0$/8&/-&7(*(2/&$+%/795/$-+%L&49/&$+24$0$/8&/-&*9/&/#(.&$+/-&25/$-+&
d
!!!A$66$590/8&'$/#&24%/725/&/#$+)$+1&Z.2/#(.2/$5%L&.-+(8L&/$.(
!!!K-1+$/$=(&*7-5(%%$+1&,(6$5$/%&Z/#$+)$+1&'#$5#&$%&%0-'(,&
!!!?0-'(7&29,$/-78&*25(&@.28&-+08&*$5)&9*&*$(5(%&-6&/#(&$+6-7.2/$-+&-7&
$+%/795/$-+B&
!!!A(=(0-*.(+/20&Z,(=(0-*.(+/&$%&8-9+1(7&/#2+&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&*7(,$5/&-9/5-.(%&-7&9+,(7%/2+,&5-+%(Q9(+5(%
Caution!
C(#2=$-97&50(2708&7(60(5/%&9+,(708$+1&472$+&,2.21(&%-&$/&$%&$.*-7/2+/&6-7&2+&
(,952/-7&/-<&
!!!>$+,&2+&255972/(&(H*02+2/$-+&-6&'#(7(&/#(&5#$0,35#$0,7(+&$+&8-97&527(&6$/&
'$/#$+&/#(&'$,(&%*(5/79.&-6&*-%%$4$0$/$(%&'$/#$+&>;?A&2%&2&,$%-7,(7&Z
*#8%$-0-18L&/#$+)$+1&24$0$/$(%L&(H*(5/2/$-+%&@D2'78)L&IWWXB:&
!!!K29/$-+&+((,%&/-&4(&/2)(+&/-&255-9+/&6-7&/#(&*7(=$-9%&0$6(&(H*(7$(+5(%&-6&
5#$0,7(+&'#$5#&27(&%-.(/$.(%&/729.2/$5&Z249%(L&+(10(5/L&2&%(+%(&-6&
242+,-+.(+/L&$%-02/$-+&@_20(8&o&EOK-++-7L&IWFFB:
d
Executive+Functioning
!!!l(H(59/$=(&69+5/$-+$+1&7(6(7%&/-&/#(&24$0$/$(%&/#2/&9+,(70$+(&$+,(*(+,(+/L&
*97*-%(690L&5-+/(H/92008&2**7-*7$2/(&4(#2=$-97:m&_--7&(H(59/$=(&69+5/$-+$+1&
$%&l50(2708& /#(&(%%(+5(&-6&/#(&,$%24$0$/8m&5200(,&>;?A&@D2'78)L&IWWXB&
!!!"#$%&(Q92/(%&/-<&
F:&A$66$590/8&*02++$+1L&*7(,$5/$+1L&-712+$%$+1L&*7$-7$/$%$+1L&%(Q9(+5$+1L&$+$/$2/$+1&
2+,&6-00-'$+1&/#7-91#:
I:&?(//$+1&1-20%L&5-.*08$+1&'$/#&5-+/725/920&-40$12/$-+%L&4($+1&-+&/$.(L&
2,#(7$+1&/-&2&%5#(,90(:
d
Memory
!!!S+6-7.2/$-+&$+*9/L&$+/(172/$-+L&6-7.$+1&2%%-5$2/$-+%L&7(/7$(=20&2+,&-9/*9/&
27(&,(6$5$/%:&
!!!A$66$590/8&0(27+$+1&67-.&*2%/&.$%/2)(%&!-6/(+&/#(&%2.(&.$%/2)(%&27(&.2,(&
-=(7&2+,&-=(7&212$+&,(%*$/(&$+57(2%$+108&%(=(7(&5-+%(Q9(+5(%:&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&.(.-78&-7&*(76-7.2+5(&!7(.(.4(7$+1&2&/2%)&6-7&/'-&,28%&
/#(+&6-71(//$+1&/#(&/2%)&-+&/#(&/#$7,&,28:
@^2.9%%(+&o&?-0($.2+$L&IWFFB
d
Developmental+Dysmaturity
!!!E6/(+&69+5/$-+%&%-5$2008L&(.-/$-+2008L&2+,&$+&.(+/2008&2/&2&.95#&8-9+1(7&
0(=(0&,(=(0-*.(+/20&21(&/#2+&/#($7&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(:&
!!!;&X&8(27&-0,&.28&4(&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&.-7(&0$)(&2&I&8(27&-0,L&2&FI&8(27&-0,&
0$)(&2&V&8(27&-0,L&2+,&2&IX&8(27&-0,&.-7(&0$)(&2&FJ&8(27&-0,&2+,&%-&-+:::&
@]204$+L&&IWWWB
d
Speech+and+Language
!!!]28&%((.&/-&9+,(7%/2+,&$+%/795/$-+%&2+,&1$=(&217((.(+/&49/&$%&9+240(&/-&
5-.*7(#(+,:&
!!!E6/(+&7(*(2/%&790(%&(H25/08&2%&%2$,&49/&52++-/&2**08&/#(%(&%2.(&790(%:&
!!!A$66$590/8&5-.*7(#(+,$+1&/#(&.(2+$+1&-6&02+1921(&2+,&255972/(08&
2+%'(7$+1&Q9(%/$-+%:&
!!!]28&217((&-7&5-+624902/(&@5-.*08&2+,&6$00&$+&/#(&402+)%B:&
!!!]28&/20)&(H5(%%$=(08&49/&9+240(&/-&(+121(&$+&2&.(2+$+1690&(H5#2+1(:&
!!!"#(&%#((7&=-09.(&-6&'-7,%&9%(,&.28&57(2/(&/#(&$.*7(%%$-+&-6&
5-.*(/(+5(:
d
Cognitive+Pace
!!!]28&/#$+)&%0-'08L&%28&lS&,-+O/&)+-'mL&2**(27&/-=(&h%#9/&,-'+O&-7&+((,&
.$+9/(%&/-&1(+(72/(&2+&2+%'(7&72/#(7&/#2+&%(5-+,%:&
!!!"#$%&0(2,%&/-&/#(&502$.&/#2/&*(-*0(&266(5/(,&48&>;?A&27(&l/(+&%(5-+,&
*(-*0(&$+&2&-+(&%(5-+,&'-70,m&@]204$+&IWWXB&
!!!^$1$,L&%/95)&-+&2+&$,(2&-7&/#-91#/&
!!!]28=(&*7-40(.%&%'$/5#$+1&/#-91#/%L&%/-**$+1&25/$=$/$(%&-7&/72+%6-7.$+1&
/-&2&+('&/2%)&
!!!E6/(+&7(25/%&%/7-+108&/-&5#2+1(%&$+&%(//$+1L&*7-172.&-7&*(7%-++(0&@G:1:L&
7(0$(6&/(25#(7%3+('&%/266B
d
Judgement/Cause+and+Effect+Reasoning
!!!^(Q9$7(%&24%/725/&/#$+)$+1&
!!!A$66$590/$(%&$+&5-+5(*/920$%$+1&/$.(L&=209(&-6&.-+(8:&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&.2)(&,(5$%$-+%:&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&7(5-1+$%(&,2+1(7&-7&,$%/$+19$%#&,2+1(7&67-.&%26(/8L&67$(+,&67-.&
%/72+1(7L&62+/2%8&67-.&7(20$/8:&
!!!"#(7(&$%&2+&$+24$0$/8&/-&1(+(720$%(& $+6-7.2/$-+L&/-&6-7.&0$+)%&2+,&
2%%-5$2/$-+%&2+,&/#(&5#$0,&$%&-6/(+&9+240(&/-&2**08&2&0(27+(,&790(&$+&2&+('&
%(//$+1
d
Sensory+Systems
!!!]28&-=(7!7(25/&/-&%/$.90$L&6-7&(H2.*0(L&/25/$0(&,(6(+%$=(+(%%:&K-90,&7(25/&
/-&,$66(7(+/&/(H/97(%L&%.(00%L&/2%/(%L&0$1#/$+1L&+-$%(:&
!!!]28&4(&-=(7'#(0.(,&48&%(+%-78&$+*9/&!9+240(&/-&6$0/(7&-9/&(H/72+(-9%&
%/$.90$&!%8.*/-.%&$+509,(&$+57(2%(,&21$/2/$-+L&$77$/24$0$/8L&2+,&2117(%%$-+:&
!!!]28&20%-&9+,(7!7(25/&/-&*2$+&2+,&+-/&5-.*02$+&-6&(2725#(%L&47-)(+&4-+(%L&
2+,&4(&9+240(&/-&(H*(7$(+5(& *2$+690&%/$.90$&0$)(&#(2/&-7&5-0,:&
!!!"25/$0(&%/$.902/$-+&@'2+/$+1&/-&/-95#&-7&4(&/-95#(,BL*(7%(+%$/$=(&-7&
#8*-%(+%$/$=(&/-&0$1#/L&%-9+,L&/2%/(L&%.(00&2+,3-7&/-95#:
d
Physical
!!!l02f8&(8(m@%/724$%.9%B[&,(57(2%(,&.9%50(&/-+(&@#8*-/-+$5$/8B[&*--7+,!
(8(&5--7,$+2/$-+&2+,&=$%920%*2/$20&,$66$590/$(%[
!!!C-+(&%/795/9720&2+-.20$(%&0$)(&69%$+1&@%5-0$-%$%B[&
!!!G27&$+6(5/$-+%[&(2/$+1&*7-40(.%&Z/--&.95#&-7&/--&0$//0([&
!!!^(%*$72/-78&/725/&$+6(5/$-+%&
!!!A(+/20&*7-40(.%
d
Comparison
!!!"8*$520&X&8(27&-0,<P-(%&/-&%5#--0L&6-00-'%&J&$+%/795/$-+%L&%$/%&%/$00&6-7&FX&
.$+9/(%L&*028%&2+,&/2)(%&/97+%
!!!X&`(27&-0,&'$/#&>;?A<&c((,%&/-&/2)(&2&+2*L&6-00-'%&F&$+%/795/$-+&$6&%#-'+L&
%$/%&6-7&X&.$+9/(%L&(+121(%&$+&*27200(0&*028L&'2+/%&/#($7&-'+&'28&@;5/%&0$)(&2&I&
-7&J&8(27&-0,B
!!!"8*$520&FW&8(27&-0,<&?/28%&6-59%(,&6-7&VW&.$+9/(%L&7(2,%&2+,&'7$/(%&609(+/08L&
0(27+%&67-.&'-7)%#((/%L&*028%&'(00&2/&7(5(%%L&1(/%&20-+1&'$/#&-/#(7%L&,-(%&+-/&
/$7(&(2%$08&
!!!FW&`(27&-0,&'$/#&>;?A<&_28%&2//(+/$-+&6-7&FW&.$+9/(%L&$%&0(27+$+1&/-&7(2,&
2+,&'7$/(L&0(27+%&48&,-$+13(H*(7$(+5$+1L&$%&(2%$08&/$7(,&2+,&4(5-.(%&
-=(7'#(0.(,&(2%$08&@;5/%&XB
d
Educational+Implications
?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&'$00<
!!!"2)(&0-+1(7&/-&9+,(7%/2+,&'#2/&8-9&27(&%28$+1&
!!!i%92008&+((,&/-&4(&/-0,&.-7(&/#2+&-+5(&
!!!>-71(/&'#2/&8-9=(&%2$,&
!!!]28&+-/&4(&240(&/-&9%(&'-7)%#((/%&
!!!c((,&/-&4(&%#-'+&'#2/&/-&,-&
!!!?/79110(&'$/#&+9.(7258&2+,&24%/725/&5-+5(*/%
!!!>9+5/$-+&2/&2&0-'(7&21(&C9/&/#(8=(&%/7(+1/#%L&/--k&
d
Things+to+Remember
_7$+5$*0(%<&
!!!K2+O/&72/#(7&/#2+&'-+O/&
!!!K-+%$,(7&,(=(0-*.(+/20&21(&72/#(7&/#2+&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(&Z%#$6/&-97&
(H*(5/2/$-+%&
!!!^(20$%/$5&(H*(5/2/$-+%&2+,&(+=$7-+.(+/20&2+,&%-5$20&
255-..-,2/$-+%3%/72/(1$(%&^(,&6021&$+,$52/-7%<&
!!!]28&1$=(&$+5-+%$%/(+/&=(7%$-+%&-6&(=(+/%&@5-+624902/$-+B&
!!!]28=(&2&,$21+-%$%&-6&;ARAL&;AAL&EAAL&^;AL&2&]R&,$21+-%$%L&-/#(7&
,(*(+,(+58&(:1:&*7-40(.&12.40$+1:&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&2//(+,2+5(L&2+,&2&#$%-78&-6&4($+1&/97+(,&2'28&67-.&-/#(7&
*7-172..(%
d
Working+Differentlyd
Modifications+to+Curriculum
!!!;00&.-,$6$52/$-+%&%#-90,&4(&*02++(,&27-9+,&'#(7(&/#(&5#$0,&%((.%&/-&4(&
,(=(0-*.(+/2008
!!!>$197(&-9/&'#(7(&/#(8&;^G&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&2+,&%/27/&/#(7(L&+-/&'#(7(&
/#($7&21(&%28%&/#(8&%#-90,&4(:
!!!K-+57(/(L&K-+%$%/(+/L&_(7%$%/L&^(*(/$/$-+L&^-9/$+(L&?$.*0(L&?*(5$6$5
@K(+/7(&6-7&A$%24$0$/$(%L&?2+6-7,&?5#--0&-6&](,$5$+(&-6&"#(&i+$=(7%$/8&-6&?-9/#&
A2)-/2B
d
Be+Concrete+and+Consistent
!!!K-+57(/(&Z%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&,-&'(00&'#(+&(,952/-7%&/20)&$+&5-+57(/(&
/(7.%L&,-+O/&9%(&'-7,%&'$/#&,-940(&.(2+$+1%L&$,$-.%L&(/5:&C(529%(&/#($7&
%-5$20!(.-/$-+20&9+,(7%/2+,$+1&$%&627&4(0-'&/#($7&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(L&$/&#(0*%&
/-&l/#$+)&8-9+1(7m&'#(+&*7-=$,$+1&2%%$%/2+5(&2+,&1$=$+1&$+%/795/$-+%:
!!!K-+%$%/(+58&ZC(529%(&-6&/#(&,$66$590/8&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&(H*(7$(+5(&
/78$+1&/-&1(+(720$%(&0(27+$+1&67-.&-+(&%$/92/$-+&/-&2+-/#(7L&/#(8&,-&4(%/&$+&2+&
(+=$7-+.(+/&'$/#&6('&5#2+1(%:&"#$%&$+509,(%&02+1921(:&"(25#(7%&2+,&
*27(+/%3527(7%&52+&5--7,$+2/(&'$/#&(25#&-/#(7&/-&9%(&/#(&%2.(&'-7,%&6-7&)(8&
*#72%(%&2+,&-720&,$7(5/$-+%:
d
Be+Repetitive+and+Provide+a+Routine
!!!^(*(/$/$-+&Z?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A=(&5#7-+$5&%#-7/!/(7.&.(.-78&
*7-40(.%[&/#(8&6-71(/&/#$+1%&/#(8&'2+/&/-&7(.(.4(7&2%&'(00&2%&$+6-7.2/$-+&
/#2/%&4((+&0(27+(,&2+,&7(/2$+(,&6-7&2&*(7$-,&-6&/$.(:&S+&-7,(7&6-7&
%-.(/#$+1&/-&.2)(&$/&/-&0-+1&/(7.&.(.-78L&$/&.28&%$.*08&+((,&/-&4(&7(!
/291#/&2+,&7(!/291#/:&
!!!^-9/$+(&Z%/240(&7-9/$+(%&/#2/&,-+O/&5#2+1(&67-.&,28&/-&,28&'$00&.2)(&$/&
(2%$(7&6-7&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&/-&)+-'&'#2/&/-&(H*(5/&+(H/&2+,&,(57(2%(&/#($7&
2+H$(/8L&(+240$+1&/#(.&/-&0(27+:&
d
Be+Simple+and+Specific
!!!?$.*0$5$/8&Z7(.(.4(7&/-&)((*&$/&%#-7/&2+,&%'((/:&?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&27(&
(2%$08&-=(7%/$.902/(,L&0(2,$+1&/-&h%#9/,-'+m&2/&'#$5#&*-$+/&+-&.-7(&
$+6-7.2/$-+&52+&4(&2%%$.$02/(,:&"#(7(6-7(L&2&%$.*0(&(+=$7-+.(+/&$%&/#(&
6-9+,2/$-+&6-7&2+&(66(5/$=(&%5#--0&*7-172.:&
!!!C(&%*(5$6$5&Z%28&(H25/08&'#2/&8-9&.(2+:&^(.(.4(7&/#2/&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&
>;?A=(&,$66$590/8&'$/#&24%/725/$-+%L&1(+(720$%2/$-+L&2+,&+-/&4($+1&240(&/-&
l6$00&$+&/#(&402+)%m&'#(+&1$=(+&2&,$7(5/$-+:&"(00&/#(.&%/(*&48&%/(*&'#2/&/-&,-L&
,(=(0-*$+1&2**7-*7$2/($/&*2//(7+%:&i%(&*$5/97(%L&5#27/%&-7&-/#(7&=$%920&
2$,%:&?#-'&/#(.&'#2/&/-&,-:
d
Key+Tips
!!!D(27+$+1&.9%/&4(&7(0(=2+/&
!!!i%(&%/7(+1/#%&
!!!_72$%(&2+,&(+5-9721(.(+/&
!!!"78&20/(7+2/$=(&255-..-,2/$+1&(+=$7-+.(+/%&
!!!"20)&/-&*27(+/3527(7&Z%5#--0&/-&#-.(&a-97+20&
!!!;=-$,&(H5(%%$=(&#-.('-7)&-7&0-+1&2%%$1+.(+/%&
!!!R(0*&'$/#&%/9,8
d
Additional++Infomation
!!!''':+-62%,:-71:29
!!! R(0*0$+(&ZFJWW&JWV&IJU&
!!!]90/$&.(,$2&7(%-975(%&2+,&4--)%&
!!!>25/&%#((/%&2+,&>;q?&
!!!^(6(7720&/-&>;?A&50$+$5%&
!!!;9%/720$2+&,$21+-%/$5&19$,(0$+(%&
!!!D-520&2+,&$+/(7+2/$-+20&7(%(275#&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!i%(690&0$+)%&Z;9%/720$2+&2+,&S+/(7+2/$-+20&
!!!>;?A&%9**-7/&17-9*&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!^(19027&(c('%0(//(7
d
BONUS: FASD Resource for Teachers
Week$4-Contemporary$Issues-FASD
?9+,28L&M&]275#&IWFU U<IW&*.
Reading
!!!"#$%&'(()&%*(+,&%-.(&/$.(&0--)$+1&2/&2&#(20/#3'(00!4($+1&/-*$5&/#2/&$%&-6&
$+/(7(%/&/-&8-9:&;&1--,&*025(&/-&%/27/&
$% #//*%<33''':#(20/#,$7(5/:1-=:293)$,%!#(20/#
▪
This+Weeks+Quote
---I+am+not+what+happened+to+me. I+am+what+I+choose+to+be:&Carl+Gustav+Jung
▪
Learning+Outcomes
!!!"#$% '(()&/#( 6-59%$%&-+ >(/20&;05-#-0&?8+,7-.(&@>;?AB&2+,&-/#(7&
5-+/(.*-7278&$%%9(%&/#2/&8-9&'$00&(+5-9+/(7&$+&8-97&527((7: C8&/#(&(+,&-6&
8-97&0(27+$+1&/#$% '(()&8-9&'$00=(&.2,( *7-17(%%&-+&/#(&6-00-'$+1&
D(27+$+1&E9/5-.(%<
F:&GH*02$+&)(8&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1&,(42/(%&2+,&%-975(%&67-.&2&57$/$520&
*(7%*(5/$=(:
▪
I:&;+208%(&2+,&,$%59%%&/#7-91#&%*(5$6$5&7(%-975(%&2+,&/(25#$+1&%/72/(1$(%&
5-+/(.*-7278&2%*(5/%&-6&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
J:&K7$/$52008&7(60(5/&-+&/#(&2%%9.*/$-+%&/#2/&9+,(7*$+&*(7%-+20&2+,&
*7-6(%%$-+20&*725/$5(&2%&/#(8&7(02/(&/-&#(20/#L&%26(/8&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
M:&;+208%(&2+,&(=2092/(&5977(+/&(=$,(+5(!42%(,&%-975(%&/-&$009%/72/(&*(7%-+20&
2+,&%-5$20&,(/(7.$+2+/%&-6&#(20/#&2+,&'(00!4($+1:
Topic+Overview
!!!"#(7(&27(&.2+8&27(2%&$+&/#$%&/-*$5:&N(&'$00&6-59%&-+&%-.(&)(8&,(/(7.$+2+/%&
-6&#(20/#:&
!!!N(&5-90,=(&5-=(7(,&/-*$5%&%95#&2%&#(20/#&%/2/9%&2+,&-9/5-.(%L&7$%)&2+,&
*7-/(5/$=(&625/-7%&$+609(+5$+1&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1L&(2708&0(27+$+1&2+,&
(,952/$-+L&62.$08&2+,&5-..9+$/8&(+=$7-+.(+/%L&%26(/8&2+,&%(597$/8&2+,&
%8%/(.&*(76-7.2+5(:
!!!"#(&(2708&8(27%&-6&2&5#$0,O%&0$6(&*7-=$,(&/#(&6-9+,2/$-+&6-7&69/97(&#(2/#L&
,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&'(004($+1
!!!P--,&#(20/#&$%&2+&$.*-7/2+/&(0(.(+/&$+&2&5#$0,O%&Q920$/8&-6&0$6(&2%&$/&52+&
$+609(+5(&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&.2+8&2%*(5/%&-6&0$6(L&$+509,$+1&%5#--0$+1&2+,&
7(57(2/$-+:
!!!R(20/#8&5#$0,&,(=(0-*.(+/&#(0*%&/-&*7(=(+/&,$%(2%(&4-/#&$+&/#(&%#-7/&2+,&
0-+1&/(7.L&'#$0(&*-%$/$=(&(2708&0(27+$+1&(H*(7$(+5(%& %/$.902/(&472$+&
,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&$.*7-=(&0(27+$+1&-9/5-.(%&6-7&5#$0,7(+:
▪
S+62+/&2+,&5#$0,&,(2/#72/(%&*7-=$,(&$+%$1#/&$+/-&/#(&%-5$20&2+,&(+=$7-+.(+/20&5-+,$/$-+%&$+&'#$5#&5#$0,7(+&
17-'&2+,&,(=(0-*:
▪
A(2/#&72/(%=(&.-7(&/#2+=(,&6-7&;9%/720$2+&$+62+/%&2+,&5#$0,7(+&4(/'((+&FTUV&2+,&IWFW&@67-.&U:U&
/-&M:I&,(2/#%&*(7&FLWWW&0$=(&4$7/#%
▪
!!!;9%/720$2%&7(,95(,&$+62+/&2+,&5#$0,&,(2/#%L&*27/$5902708&/#7-91#&/#(&'-7)&-6&+(-+2/20&$+/(+%$=(&527(&9+$/%L&
$+57(2%(,&5-..9+$/8&2'27(+(%%&-6&/#(&7$%)&625/-7%&6-7&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(&@?SA?BL&2+,&7(,95/$-+%&$+&
=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%&/#7-91#&+2/$-+20&5#$0,#--,&$..9+$%2/$-+&*7-172.%:
C7(2%/6((,$+1 *7-=$,(%&/#(&4(%/&+9/7$/$-+20&%/27/&6-7&$+62+/%&2+,&*7-.-/(%&/#($7&#(20/#8&17-'/#&2+,&
,(=(0-*.(+/:
▪
;0.-%/&I&$+&X&@JTYB&424$(%&'(7(&(H509%$=(08&47(2%/6(,&/-&27-9+,&M .-+/#%
▪
!!!"#(7(&$%&17-'$+1&(=$,(+5(&/#2/&47(2%/6((,$+1&.28=(&'$,(!72+1$+1&4(+(6$/%&$+&$+62+58&2+,&02/(7&$+&0$6(L&
$+509,$+1&$.*7-=(,&.-/#(7Z$+62+/&4-+,$+1[&*7-/(5/$-+&212$+%/&$+6(5/$-9%&,$%(2%(%[&2+,&7(,95(,&7$%)&-6&%9,,(+&
$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(L&"8*(&F&,$24(/(%&2+,&%-.(&5#$0,#--,&52+5(7%:&S+&;9%/720$2&2+,&$+/(7+2/$-+2008L&$/&$%&
7(5-..(+,(,&/#2/&$+62+/%&4(&(H509%$=(08&47(2%/6(,&9*&/-&V&.-+/#%&-6&21(:
P--,&-720&#(20/# $+&5#$0,#--,&5-+/7$49/(%&/-&4(//(7&'(004($+1&2+,&$.*7-=(,&,(+/20&-9/5-.(%&$+&
2,90/#--,L&7(%90/$+1&$+&0(%%&,(528&2+,&/#(&0-%%&-6&6('(7&+2/9720&/((/#:
▪
MXY&-6 V&8(27&-0,% 2+,&JTY&-6 FI&8(27&-0,% #2,&,(+/20&,(528&$+&IWW\:
▪
!!!;%& '(00&2%&/#(&*2$+L&,$%5-.6-7/&2+,&,$66$590/$(%&$+&(2/$+1&/#2/&27(&529%(,&48&,(+/20&,$%(2%(L&*--7&-720&#(20/#&52+&
266(5/&-97&Q920$/8&-6&0$6(L&%-5$20&$+/(725/$-+%&2+,&%(06!(%/((.:&K#$0,7(+&'$/#&*--7&,(+/20&#(20/#&.28&,(.-+%/72/(&
*7-40(.%&$+&4(#2=$-97L&*((7&$+/(725/$-+&2+,&%5#--0&24%(+5(%L&'#$5#&$+&/97+&52+&+(12/$=(08&266(5/&252,(.$5&
*(76-7.2+5(:&]-%/&,(+/20&,$%(2%(%&27(&0271(08&*7(=(+/240(L&49/&20/#-91#&/#(&*7(=20(+5(&-6&,(+/20&,(528&$+&
;9%/720$2+&5#$0,7(+&2**(27%&/-&4(&,(57(2%$+1&-=(7&/$.(L&7$%)&625/-7%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&,$(/LQ$(+(&2+,&-720&527(&
7(.2$+:
"#(&(2708&8(27%&-6&2&5#$0,O%&0$6(&27(&$.*-7/2+/&6-7&0$/(7258 %)$00%:&^(2,$+1&/-&5#$0,7(+&5-+/7$49/(%&/-&/#(&(2708&
,(=(0-*.(+/&-6&=-52490278&2+,&0$%/(+$+1&5-.*7(#(+%$-+:
▪
;0.-%/&J&$+&M&@\MYB&5#$0,7(+&9+,(7&I&'(7(&7(2,&/-&-7&/-0,&%/-7$(%&7(1902708&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!D(27+$+1&/-&7(2,&266(5/%&2&5#$0,O%&'(004($+1:&_--7&7(2,$+1&%)$00%&52+&2,=(7%(08&266(5/&%5#--0&*(76-7.2+5(L&'$/#&/#(&
(66(5/%&02%/$+1&$+/-&2,90/#--,:&^(2,$+1&/-&5#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&(2708&8(27%&$%&7(127,(,&2%&2&0$)(08&2$,&/-&0$/(7258&%955(%%:
K#$0,7(+&(+/(7$+1&%5#--0 '$/#&42%$5&%)$00%&6-7&0$6(&2+,&0(27+$+1=(&#$1#(7&0(=(0%&-6&%-5$20&5-.*(/(+5(&2+,&
252,(.$5 25#$(=(.(+/L 2+,&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&(H*(7$(+5(&2&%955(%%690&/72+%$/$-+&/-&*7$.278&%5#--0:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&M&5#$0,7(+&'(7(&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&=90+(7240(&2/&%5#--0&(+/78:
▪
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27( 7(1902708&24%(+/&67-.&%5#--0 .28&.$%%&-9/&-+&57$/$520&%/21(%&-6&0(27+$+1&2+,&,(=(0-*.(+/&
2+,&27(&0(%%&0$)(08&/-&25#$(=(&(,952/$-+20&2+,&0$6(&%955(%%:
▪
;//(+,2+5(&72/(%&6-7&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&72+1(,&67-.&UMY&/-&TXY&6-7&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&257-%%&%5#--0&%(5/-7%&
2+,&%/2/(%&2+,&/(77$/-7$(%&$+&IWWT:
▪
!!!A$66(7(+5(%&$+&5#$0,7(+O%&,(=(0-*.(+/&(.(71(&(2708&2+,&27(&(=$,(+/&48&/#(&/$.(&/#(8&7(25#&%5#--0:&K#$0,7(+&'#-&
(+/(7&%5#--0&'#(+&/#(8&27(&+-/&7(2,8&6-7&/#$%&/8*(&-6&(,952/$-+20&%(//$+1=(&0-'(7&0(=(0%&-6&252,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/&2+,&27(&2/&2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&/((+21(&*27(+/#--,L&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&1(//$+1&$+/-&/7-940(&
'$/#&/#(&02'&2+,&*--7(7&a-4&-9/5-.(%:
D$/(7258&2+,&+9.(7258&%)$00% (+240(&5#$0,7(+&/-&(+121(&$+&0(27+$+1&2+,&90/$.2/(08&/-&69008&*27/$5$*2/(&$+&
%-5$(/8&2+,&0(2,&*7-,95/$=(&0$=(%:
▪
TIY&-6&`(27&X&%/9,(+/%&.(/&/#(&.$+$.9.&%/2+,27,&6-7&7(2,$+1&2+,&TMY&6-7&+9.(7258&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!?5#--0&2//(+,2+5(&#(0*%&5#$0,7(+&,(=(0-*&/#(&42%$5&49$0,$+1&40-5)%&6-7&0(27+$+1&2+,&(,952/$-+20&2//2$+.(+/L&2%&
'(00&2%&%-5$20&%)$00%&%95#&2%&6-7.$+1&67$(+,%#$*%:&^(19027&2//(+,2+5(&2+,&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&%5#--0&$%&2&+2/$-+20&
(,952/$-+&1-20:
"((+21(&.-/#(7#--,&*-%(%&%$1+$6$52+/&0-+1!/(7.&7$%)%&6-7&4-/#&.-/#(7&2+,&5#$0,L&$+509,$+1&*--7(7&#(20/#L&
(,952/$-+20&2+,&(5-+-.$5&-9/5-.(%:
▪
F&$+&IX&0$=(&4$7/#%&$+&;9%/720$2&$+&IWWT '(7( /-&/((+21(&.-/#(7%:
▪
D$/(7258&.(2+%&.-7(&/#2+&a9%/&4($+1&240(&/-&7(2,&2+,&'7$/(b$/&$%&7(02/(,&/-&0(27+$+1&$+&200&27(2%&2+,&(+240(%&*(-*0(&
/-&,(=(0-*&)+-'0(,1(&2+,&9+,(7%/2+,$+1:&c9.(7258&$%&20%-&5(+/720&/-&0$6(&$+%$,(&2+,&-9/%$,(%5#--0L 2+,&$%&
$.*-7/2+/&$+&.2+8&-559*2/$-+%&2%&'(00&2%&,2$08&0$6(:
C24$(%&'#-&27(&4-7+&'$/#&0-'&4$7/#&'($1#/27(&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&*--7&#(20/#L&,$%24$0$/8&2+,&,(2/#&/#2+&
-/#(7&424$(%:
▪
F&$+&FV&@V:IYB&0$=(4-7+&424$(%&'($1#(,&0(%%&/#2+&ILXWW 172.% 2/&4$7/#&$+&IWWT:
▪
!!!C24$(%&4-7+&/-&/((+21(&.-/#(7%=(&2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&*7(!/(7.&4$7/#L&0-'4$7/#'($1#/2+,&2%%-5$2/(,&
5-.*0$52/$-+%:&"((+21(&.-/#(7%&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&4(&2&0-+(&*27(+/L&0$=(&$+&27(2%&-6&17(2/(7&,$%2,=2+/21(L&%.-)(&
2+,=(&0-'(7&0(=(0%&-6&(,952/$-+:&N#$0(&+-/&200&/((+21(&4$7/#%&7(%90/&$+&+(12/$=(&-9/5-.(%&6-7&.-/#(7&2+,&5#$0,L&
/#(&625/-7%&/#2/&-6/(+&5-+/7$49/(&/-&/((+21(&4$7/#&.(2+&/#2/&.2+8&8-9+1&.-/#(7%&,-&+-/&7(5($=(&/#(&%9**-7/&/#(8&
+((,&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&2+,&26/(7&/#(&4$7/#:
!!!C$7/#'($1#/&266(5/%&2&4248O%&5#2+5(&-6&%97=$=20&2+,&1--,&#(20/#:&;&4$7/#'($1#/&4(0-'&ILXWW 172.% $%&5-+%$,(7(,&
0-'&2+,&$%&2&)+-'+&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&+(97-0-1$520&2+,&*#8%$520&,$%24$0$/$(%L&'$/#&/#(&7$%)&-6&2,=(7%(&-9/5-.(%&
$+57(2%$+1&'$/#&,(57(2%$+1&4$7/#'($1#/:
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&-=(7'($1#/ -7&-4(%(&27(&2/&7$%)&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&5-+,$/$-+%L&%95#&2%&2%/#.2L&
527,$-=2%59027&5-+,$/$-+%&2+,&"8*(&I&,$24(/(%:
▪
E=(7&F&$+ X&@IJYB&5#$0,7(+&21(,&XZFM&'(7(&-=(7'($1#/&-7&-4(%(&$+&IWW\ZWU:
▪
!!!S+&2,,$/$-+&/-&/#($7&*#8%$520&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&-=(7'($1#/&2+,&-4(%(&5#$0,7(+&27(&67(Q9(+/08&=$5/$.$%(,&2+,&
/(2%(,&48&/#($7&*((7%L&'#$5#&52+&5-+/7$49/(&/-&*--7&*((7&7(02/$-+%#$*%&2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&'(00!4($+1:&K#$0,7(+&'#-&
5-+/$+9(&/-&4(&-=(7'($1#/&-7&-4(%(&$+/-&2,90/#--,&27(&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&5-7-+278&#(27/&,$%(2%(L&%-.(&52+5(7%L&2+,&
2&+9.4(7&-6&-/#(7&#(20/#&,$%-7,(7%:
GH*-%97(&/-&/-4255-&%.-)(*9/%&5#$0,7(+&2/&7$%)&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&*7-40(.%L&$+509,$+1&2%/#.2L&7(%*$72/-78&
/725/&$+6(5/$-+%&2+,&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(:
▪
S+&VY&-6&;9%/720$2+&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+L&%-.(-+(&7(1902708&%.-)(,&$+%$,(&$+&IWFW:
▪
"-4255-&%.-)$+1&$%&/#(&0(2,$+1&529%(&-6&*7(=(+/240(&,(2/#%&$+&;9%/720$2&2+,&27-9+,&/#(&'-70,:&_(-*0(&'#-&
4(1$+&%.-)$+1&2/&2&8-9+1&21(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&5-+/$+9(&%.-)$+1&$+/-&2,90/#--,:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&IX&@J:UYB&%/9,(+/%&21(,&FIZFM&'(7(&%.-)(7%&$+&IWWU:
▪
!!!"-4255-&%.-)(&5-+/2$+%&+9.(7-9%&/-H$5&2+,&52+5(7!529%$+1&5#(.$520%&/#2/&$+57(2%(&/#(&7$%)&-6&2,=(7%(&#(20 /#&
-9/5-.(%&6-7&5#$0,7(+:&"#(7(&$%&+-&%26(&0(=(0&-6&(H*-%97(L&2+,&5#$0,7(+&'$/#&*27(+/%&'#-&%.-)(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&
/2)(&9*&%.-)$+1&02/(7&$+&0$6(:
!!!"-4255-&9%(&529%(%&,2.21(&/-&+(2708&(=(78&-712+&$+&/#( 4-,8L 2+,&7(%90/%&$+&5-+%$,(7240(&$00&#(20/#:&S+&/#(&0-+1&
/(7.L&$/&$%&2&.2a-7&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&2&+9.4(7&-6&%(7$-9%&#(20/#&5-+,$/$-+%&$+509,$+1&5-7-+278&#(27/&,$%(2%(L&5#7-+$5&
-4%/795/$=(&*90.-+278&,$%(2%(L&%/7-)(L&*(7$*#(720&=2%59027&,$%(2%(L&+9.(7-9%&52+5(7%L&2+,&2&+9.4(7&-6&-/#(7&
,$%(2%(%&2+,&5-+,$/$-+%:&]-%/&%.-)(7%&/2)(&9*&/#($/&$+&2,-0(%5(+5(&2+,&/#-%(&'#-&4(1$+&%.-)$+1&'#(+&/#(8&
27(&FI&-7&FJ&%.-)(&.-7(&5$127(//(%&*(7&,28&/#2+&/#-%(&'#-&4(1$+&%.-)$+1&'#(+&/#(8&27(&-0,(7:
?.-)$+1 ,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&$%&2&%$1+$6$52+/&7$%)&625/-7&6-7&/#(&.-/#(7&2+,&#(7&9+4-7+&4248:&S/&$+57(2%(%&/#(&
7$%)&-6&2&72+1(&-6&5-+,$/$-+%L&$+509,$+1&0-'4$7/#'($1#/L&*7(!/(7.&4$7/#L&*025(+/20&5-.*0$52/$-+%&2+,&
*(7$+2/20&.-7/20$/8:
▪
;4-9/&F&$+&\&'-.(+&'#-&12=(&4$7/#&$+&IWWT&%.-)(,&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58:
▪
!!!"#(&(66(5/%&-6&%.-)$+1&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&*(7%$%/&$+/-&$+62+58&2+,&5#$0,#--,:&K#$0,7(+&'#-%(&.-/#(7%&%.-)(,&
'#$0(&/#(8&'(7(&*7(1+2+/=(&4((+&6-9+,&/-&4(&2/&#$1#(7&7$%)&-6&%9,,(+&$+62+/&,(2/#&%8+,7-.(L&5#$0,#--,&
52+5(7%L&#$1#&40--,&*7(%%97(L&2%/#.2L&0-'(7(,&5-1+$/$=(&,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&-/#(7&%(7$-9%&*7-40(.%:
;05-#-0 9%(&2/&2&8-9+1&21(&$%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&.-7(&67(Q9(+/&9%(&,97$+1&02/(&2,-0(%5(+5(&2+,&2+&$+57(2%(,&
7$%)&-6&02/(7&,(*(+,(+5(:
d
;4-9/&F&$+&XW&@I:IYB&-6&FIZFM&8(27&-0, %/9,(+/%&$+&IWWU,&,79+)&.-7(&/#2+&6-97&%/2+,27,&,7$+)%&-+&2&
%$+10(&-552%$-+&$+&/#(&*7(=$-9%&'(():
d
]2/(7+20 205-#-0 9%(&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&$%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&%(=(7(&2,=(7%(&*(7$+2/20&-9/5-.(%L&%95#&2%&6(/20&
205-#-0&%8+,7-.(&2+,&205-#-0!7(02/(,&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&2+,&,(=(0-*.(+/20&,$%-7,(7%:
▪
;4-9/Î&@XFYB&-6&'-.(+&,72+)&205-#-0&'#$0(&*7(1+2+/&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!R(2=8&,7$+)$+1&52+=(&%$1+$6$52+/&2+,&,(/7$.(+/20&(66(5/%&-+&472$+&,(=(0-*.(+/&,97$+1&/#(&(2708&8(27%:&
K#$0,7(+&2+,&2,-0(%5(+/%&'#-&,7$+)&27(&20%-&2/&17(2/(7&7$%)&-6&%966(7$+1&255$,(+/20&$+a978L&(H*(7$(+5$+1&*--7&.(+/20&
#(20/#&-7=$+1&%-5$20&*7-40(.%:&S+/-H$52/$-+&,97$+1&(2708&(H*(7$(+5(%&'$/#&205-#-0%&20%-&4((+&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&
2+&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&*7-40(.&,7$+)$+1&$+&2,90/#--,:
!!!GH*-%97(&/-&205-#-0&$+&/#(&9/(79%&$%&/#(&.-%/&5-..-+&*7(=(+/240(&529%(&-6&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&2+,&/#(&0(2,$+1&529%(&
-6&.(+/20&7(/27,2/$-+&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+:&;0/#-91#&/#(&7$%)&-6&4$7/#&,(6(5/%&$%&17(2/(%/&'$/#&#$1#L&67(Q9(+/&.2/(7+20&
205-#-0&$+/2)(&,97$+1&/#(&6$7%/&/7$.(%/(7L&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&/#7-91#-9/&*7(1+2+58L&$+509,$+1&4(6-7(&*7(1+2+58&$%&
5-+6$7.(,L&52+=(&5-+%(Q9(+5(%&6-7&6(/20&472$+&,(=(0-*.(+/:
D-'&62.$08&$+5-.(52+&2,=(7%(08&266(5/&/#(&#(20/#L&(,952/$-+&2+,&%(06!(%/((.&-6&5#$0,7(+:
▪
;0.-%/Î&2&.$00$-+&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFI,&2+&2=(721(&,$%*-%240(&$+5-.(&-6&eMJT&*(7&
'(()&$+&IWWTZFW:
▪
!!!>2.$0$(%&'$/#-9/&2,(Q92/(&$+5-.(&27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-=(&$+%966$5$(+/&7(%-975(%&/-&%9**-7/&2&.$+$.9.&%/2+,27,&
-6&0$=$+1:&"#$%&52+&266(5/&2&5#$0,O%&+9/7$/$-+&2+,&255(%%&/-&.(,$520&527(L&/#(&%26(/8&-6&/#($7&(+=$7-+.(+/&2+,&/#(&
62.$08O%&24$0$/8&/-&*7-=$,(&2**7-*7$2/(&#-9%$+1L&#(2/$+1&2+,&50-/#$+1:&K#$0,7(+&67-.&0-'!$+5-.(&62.$0$(%&27(&20%-&
.-7(&*7-+(&/-&*%85#-0-1$520&-7&%-5$20&,$66$590/$(%&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&*7-40(.%:
?-.(&*27(+/%&52++-/&*7-=$,(&2,(Q92/(&527(&6-7&/#($7&5#$0,7(+L&7(%90/$+1&$+&/#(&5#$0,7(+&4($+1&*025(,&$+&/#(&
527(&-6&7(02/$=(%L 6-%/(7&62.$0$(% -7&$+&7(%$,(+/$20&527(:
▪
;4-9/&JILWWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFM&'(7(&0$=$+1&$+&-9/!-6!#-.(&527(&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!N#$0(&.-%/&;9%/720$2+&5#$0,7(+&0$=(&'$/#&-+(&-7&4-/#&4$-0-1$520&*27(+/%L&%-.(&,-&+-/:&"#(&7(2%-+%&6-7&
/#$% =278L 49/&$+509,(&249%(&-7&+(10(5/L&*27(+/20&%94%/2+5(&249%(L&62.$08&=$-0(+5(L&/#(&,(2/#&-6&-+(&-7&4-/#&
*27(+/%L&2&5#$0,O%&,$%24$0$/8&-7&*--7&#(20/#L&-7&4(529%(&2&*27(+/&$%&$+&a2$0:
^2$%$+1&5#$0,7(+&$+=-0=(%&*#8%$520L&(.-/$-+20&2+,&6$+2+5$20&,(.2+,%&/#2/&52+&*-%(&4$1&5#200(+1(%&/-&2&
*27(+/&'$/#&*#8%$520&-7&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%&-7&,$%24$0$/8:
▪
J&$+&IW&@FXYB&*27(+/%&0$=$+1&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&'(7(&266(5/(,&48&*--7&.(+/20&#(20/#&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!D$=$+1&'$/#&2&5#7-+$52008&$00&*27(+/&52+&4(&%/7(%%690&6-7&5#$0,7(+&2+,&+(12/$=(08&266(5/&/#($7&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1:&S+&
/#(%(&5$759.%/2+5(%L&/#(&*#8%$520L&(.-/$-+20&-7&(5-+-.$5&+((,%&-6&5#$0,7(+&.28&+-/&4(&69008&.(/L&$+57(2%$+1&/#($7&
7$%)&-6&0-+1!/(7.&.(+/20&#(20/#&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&*7-40(.%:&"#(8&.28&20%-=(&/-&/2)(&-+&17(2/(7&7(%*-+%$4$0$/8L&
$+509,$+1&527(&6-7&/#(&*27(+/L&'#$5#&.28&7(%/7$5/&/#($7&$+=-0=(.(+/&$+&2&72+1(&-6&25/$=$/$(%:&K#$0,7(+&0$=$+1&'$/#&2&
*27(+/&'$/#&2&.(+/20&$00+(%%&.28&4(&2/&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&%-5$20L&*%85#-0-1$520L&4(#2=$-9720&2+,&*#8%$520&#(20/#&
*7-40(.%L&2%&'(00&2%&5-1+$/$=(&,(=(0-*.(+/&*7-40(.%:
K#$0,7(+&27(&%#2*(,&+-/&-+08&48&/#($7&62.$08 (+=$7-+.(+/L 49/&20%-&48&/#(&+($1#4-97#--,$+&'#$5#&/#(8&
0$=(:
▪
;0.-%/&V&$+&\&@UXYB&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+&6(0/&%26(&-7&=(78&%26(&2/&#-.(&20-+(&$+&IWFW:
▪
!!!_27(+/20&*(75(*/$-+&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&%26(/8&$%&-+(&-6&/#(&.-%/&5-..-+&$+,$52/-7%&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&Q920$/8&
2+,&52+=(&2&4$1&$.*25/&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#L&,(=(0-*.(+/&2+,&'(004($+1&R-'&%26(&*(-*0(&6((0&'#(+&/#(8&27(&2/&
#-.(&20-+(&,97$+1&($/#(7&/#(&,28&-7&+$1#/&7(6(7%&/-&$+,$=$,920%O&*(75(*/$-+%&-6&#-'&=90+(7240(&/#(8&6((0&/-&*(7%-+20&
#27.:&_27(+/20&*(75(*/$-+&-6&+($1#4-97#--,&%26(/8&52+&266(5/&5#$0,7(+O%&,2$08&25/$=$/$(%&2%&2&6(27&-6&(H*-%$+1&-+(O%&
5#$0,7(+&/-&7$%)%&.28&0(2,&*27(+/%&/-&7(%/7$5/&/#($7&5#$0,7(+&67-.&-9/,--7&25/$=$/$(%:
>2.$0$(%&'$/#&7$5#&%-5$20&+(/'-7)%=(&17(2/(7&255(%%&/-&67$(+,%&2+,&+($1#4-97%&/-&#(0*&.2+21(&/#($7&,2$08&
0$=(%&2+,&*7-40(.%:
▪
]-7(&/#2+&FT&$+&IW&@TVYB&-6&#-9%(#-0,%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+ #2,&255(%%&/-&%9**-7/&$+&/$.(&-6&57$%$%&$+&IWFW:
▪
S+a97$(% 27(&2&0(2,$+1&529%(&-6&,(2/#&2+,&#-%*$/20$%2/$-+&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+&49/&52+&4(&7(,95(,&48&5-+/7-00$+1&
#2f27,%&$+&2&5#$0,O%&(+=$7-+.(+/:
▪
S+a978&,(2/#&72/(%&2.-+1&5#$0,7(+&21(,&FZFM=(=(,&4(/'((+&FTT\&2+,&IWFW&@67-.&FW&/-&X&,(2/#%&
*(7&FWWLWWWB:
▪
!!!?-5$20&52*$/20&$%&/#(&+2.(&1$=(+&/-&Q920$/8&7(02/$-+%#$*%&/#2/&(+240(&*(-*0(&/-&%#27(&(H*(7$(+5(%&-7&7(%-0=(&
*7-40(.%:&R2=$+1&%-.(-+(&/-&7(08&-+&$+&2+&(.(71(+58&$%&2&=$/20&%26(/8&+(/L&*27/$5902708&6-7&62.$0$(%&'$/#&5#$0,7(+:&
>-7&5#$0,7(+L&/#(&4(+(6$/%&-6&%-5$20&52*$/20&$+509,(&7(,95(,&%5#--0&,7-*-9/&72/(%&2+,&*-%$/$=(&.(+/20&#(20/#&2+,&
4(#2=$-9720&-9/5-.(%&$+&5#$0,#--,&2+,&02/(7&0$6(:&?/7-+1&%-5$20&52*$/20&52+&*7-/(5/&5#$0,7(+&67-.&/#(&2,=(7%(&(66(5/%&
-6&%-5$-(5-+-.$5&,$%2,=2+/21(:
!!!K#$0,#--,&$+a97$(%&52+=(&*7-6-9+,&2+,&0$6(0-+1&(66(5/%L&$+509,$+1&*(7.2+(+/&*#8%$520&,$%24$0$/$(%&-7&0-+1!/(7.&
5-1+$/$=(&-7&*%85#-0-1$520&,2.21(:&K#$0,7(+&27(&*27/$5902708&=90+(7240(&/-&5(7/2$+&/8*(%&-6&$+a978&,(*(+,$+1&-+&
/#($7&21(L&'$/#&-0,(7&5#$0,7(+&$+57(2%$+108&$+609(+5(,&48&4(#2=$-97&$+&2,,$/$-+&/-&/#($7&*#8%$520&2+,&%-5$20&
(+=$7-+.(+/:
g$5/$.%&-6&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/ .28&(H*(7$(+5(&0-'(7&%-5$20&5-.*(/(+5(L&*--7&%5#--0&*(76-7.2+5(&2+,&
$.*2$7(,&02+1921(&24$0$/8L&2+,&27(&2/&$+57(2%(,&7$%)&-6&57$.$+20&-66(+,$+1&2+,&.(+/20&#(20/#&*7-40(.%:
▪
IXLMWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFI&'(7(&/#(&%94a(5/&-6&%94%/2+/$2/(,&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&+-/$6$52/$-+%&$+&IWFWZFF:
▪
!!!N#$0(&.-%/&5#$0,7(+&$+&;9%/720$2&17-'&9*&$+&%26(&62.$08&(+=$7-+.(+/%L&%-.(&27(&249%(,&2+,3-7&+(10(5/(,L&'#$5#&
52+&529%(%$1+$6$52+/L 0-+1!/(7..:&;,=(7%(&(66(5/%&27( ,$=(7%(L 2+,&.28&$+509,(&*--7&%-5$20&2+,&252,(.$5&%)$00%L&
2&#$1#(7&0$)(0$#--,&-6&57$.$+20&-66(+,$+1&-7&.(+/20&#(20/#&$%%9(%&%95#&2%&(2/$+1&,$%-7,(7%L&%94%/2+5(&249%(&2+,&
,(*7(%%$-+:
_#8%$520&2+,&%(H920&2%%290/ 52+=(&2&72+1(&-6&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&+(12/$=(&(66(5/%&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&*#8%$520&
2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&#(20/#:
▪
VL\WW&5#$0,7(+&@-7&FX\&*(7&FWWLWWW&5#$0,7(+B&21(,&WZFM&'(7(&7(*-7/(,&=$5/$.%&-6&%(H920&2%%290/&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!C($+1&2&=$5/$.&-6&=$-0(+5(&52+&4(&,(/7$.(+/20&/-&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#L&%(+%(&-6&%26(/8&2+,&%(597$/8L&2+,&/#($7&6((0$+1%&
24-9/&/#(&69/97(:&_#8%$520&2+,&%(H920&2%%290/&52+=(&5-.*0(H&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&+(12/$=(&(66(5/%&-+&/#(&
*#8%$520&2+,&*%85#-0-1$520&#(20/#&-6&5#$0,7(+:&C($+1&=$5/$.$%(,&.28&0(2,&/-&,$.$+$%#(,&(,952/$-+20&2//2$+.(+/&2+,&
%-5$20&*27/$5$*2/$-+&$+&(2708&2,90/#--,L&2+,&7(%90/&$+&*#8%$520&$+a978L&%9$5$,20&$,(2/$-+&2+,&4(#2=$-97L&,(*7(%%$-+L&
,$%24$0$/8&2+,&(=(+&,(2/#:
K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&#-.(0(%% 27(&.-7(&0$)(08&/-&5-+/$+9(&/-&4(&#-.(0(%%&$+/-&2,90/#--,:
▪
;4-9/&UWLUWW&@FT&-9/&-6&(=(78&FLWWWB&5#$0,7(+&21(,&WZFM&255-.*2+$(,&2&*27(+/31927,$2+&/-&2&
#-.(0(%%+(%%&21(+58&$+&IWFWZFF:
▪
!!!R-.(0(%%+(%%%&,(/7$.(+/20&(66(5/%&-+&5#$0,7(+O%&#(20/#&2+,&'(004($+1:&C24$(%&2+,&/-,,0(7%&.28=(&,(028(,&
*#8%$520&2+,&.(+/20&,(=(0-*.(+/[&-0,(7&5#$0,7(+&52+&(H*(7$(+5(&%/7(%%L&2+H$(/8&2+,&#$1#&72/(%&-6&.(+/20&#(20/#&
*7-40(.%&2+,&4(#2=$-9720&,$%-7,(7%:&"#(&529%(%&-6&#-.(0(%%+(%%&27(&5-.*0(H&2+,&.28&$+509,(&(5-+-.$5&625/-7%&
%95#&2%&*-=(7/8L&9+(.*0-8.(+/L&$+57(2%(,&#-9%$+1&5-%/%&-7&2+&9+%/240(&#-.(&(+=$7-+.(+/&529%(,&48&,-.(%/$5&
=$-0(+5(:
K#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%8%/(. 27(&2/&7$%)&-6&5-+/$+9(,&2+,&.-7(&%(7$-9%&-66(+,$+1&02/(7&$+&0$6(:
▪
UF&$+&(=(78&FWWLWWW&5#$0,7(+&21(,&FWZFM&'(7(&9+,(7&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%9*(7=$%$-+&-+&2+&2=(721(&,28&$+&
IWWTZFW:
▪
!!!"#(7(&$%&'$,(%*7(2,&(=$,(+5(&/#2/&72/(%&-6&-66(+,$+1&/(+,&/-&*(2)&$+&2,-0(%5(+5(L&49/&6-7&.2+8&/#$%&4(#2=$-97&$%&
%#-7/!0$=(,&2+,&/#(&-66(+5(%&27(&7(02/$=(08&.$+-7:&>-7&2&%.200&+9.4(7&-65#$0,7(+ /#$%&4(#2=$-97&4(5-.(%&.-7(&
%(7$-9%&2+,&*(7%$%/(+/&2+,&.28&7(%90/&$+&a9=(+$0(&a9%/$5(&%9*(7=$%$-+:&^(%(275#&$+,$52/(%&/#2/&5#$0,7(+&$+&/#(&a9=(+$0(&
a9%/$5(&%8%/(.&5-..-+08&5-.(&67-.&.-7(&,$%2,=2+/21(,&%-5$-(5-+-.$5&425)17-9+,%L=(&0-'&0(=(0%&-6&
(,952/$-+L&2+,=(&%966(7(,&#$1#&72/(%&-6&5#$0,#--,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/:
"#(&0(=(0&-6&$..9+$%2/$-+5-=(721(&7(60(5/%&/#(&52*25$/8&-6&/#(&#(20/#!527(&%8%/(.&/-&*7-=$,(&=255$+2/$-+%&
/-&5#$0,7(+:
▪
]-7(&/#2+&T&$+&FW&@TJYB&I!8(27!-0,&5#$0,7(+&$+&;9%/720$2&'(7(&69008&$..9+$%(,&$+&IWFF:
▪
!!!K#$0,7(+&'#-&27(&+-/&69008&$..9+$%(,&27(&2/&7$%)&-6&5-+/725/$+1&=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%L&%95#&2%&,$*#/#(7$2L&
/(/2+9%L&.(2%0(%&2+,&*-0$-L&2+,&/#(&%#-7/!2+,&0-+1!/(7.&#(20/#&5-+%(Q9(+5(%&2%%-5$2/(,&'$/#&/#(%(:&
S..9+$%2/$-+&20%-&*028%&2&7-0(&$+&*7-/(5/$+1&$+,$=$,920%&'#-&27(&+-/&$..9+$%(,L&/#7-91#&/#(&5-+5(*/&-6&h#(7,&
$..9+$/8O:&S..9+$%2/$-+&5-=(721(&+((,%&/-&(H5((,&TWY&$+&-7,(7&/-&25#$(=(&2+,&.2$+/2$+&/#(&0(=(0&-6&#(7,&
$..9+$/8&+((,(,&/-&$+/(779*/&/#(&%*7(2,&-6&=255$+(!*7(=(+/240(&,$%(2%(%:
"#(&+9.4(7&-6&5#$0,7(+&'#-&%97=$=(&0(9)2(.$2 5-+/$+9(%&/-&$.*7-=(&/#7-91#&2,=2+5(%&$+&,(/(5/$-+L&
/7(2/.(+/L&7(%(275#&2+,&/(5#+-0-18L&2+,&/#(&,(=(0-*.(+/&-6&%*(5$20$%(,&/7(2/.(+/&5(+/7(%&2+,&*7-/-5-0%:
▪
>$=(!8(27&7(02/$=(&%97=$=20&6-7&5#$0,7(+&'$/#&0(9)2(.$2&$+57(2%(,&67-.&V\Y&/-&U\Y&4(/'((+&FTUJZFTUT&2+,&
IWWMZIWFW:
▪
!!!?955(%%690&/7(2/.(+/&-6&0(9)2(.$2&,(*(+,%&-+&/#(&(66(5/$=(+(%%&-6&/#(&#(20/#!527(&%8%/(.&$+&2&+9.4(7&-6&27(2%L&
$+509,$+1&(2708&,(/(5/$-+L&255(%%&/-&2**7-*7$2/(&/7(2/.(+/L 5-0024-72/$-+ 4(/'((+&#(20/#!527(&*7-6(%%$-+20%L&2+,&
-+1-$+1&.(,$520&7(%(275#&2+,&50$+$520&/7$20%:&A(%*$/(&$.*7-=(.(+/%&$+&%97=$=20L&0(9)2(.$2&7(.2$+(,&-+(&-6&/#(&
0271(%/&5-+/7$49/-7%&/-&5#$0,#--,&52+5(7&,(2/#%&$+&IWWUZIWFW:
^(!%94%/2+/$2/$-+&72/(%&27(&-+(&.(2%97(&-6&#-'&%955(%%690&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%8%/(.% 27(&$+&*7(=(+/$+1&/#(&
7(5977(+5(&-6&5#$0,&249%(&-7&+(10(5/:
▪
;57-%%&a97$%,$5/$-+%&$+&IWWTZFWL&7(!%94%/2+/$2/$-+&72/(%&=27$(,&67-.&J:FY&/-&IX:FY&'$/#$+&FI&.-+/#%&-6&/#(&
-7$1$+20&%94%/2+/$2/$-+:
▪
!!!^2/(%&-6&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%94%/2+/$2/$-+&2+,&5#$0,7(+&-+&527(&2+,&*7-/(5/$-+&-7,(7%&27(&)(8&$+,$52/-7%&-6&
7(*-7/(,&0(=(0%&-6&5#$0,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/:&"#(&9+,(708$+1&625/-7%&/#2/&0(2,&/-&%-.(&62.$0$(%&7(*(2/(,08&5-.$+1&
$+/-&5-+/25/&'$/#&5#$0,&*7-/(5/$-+&%8%/(.%&$+509,(&0-'&$+5-.(L&%94%/2+5(&249%(L&.(+/20&#(20/#&$%%9(%L&%-0(&
*27(+/$+1&2+,&2&025)&-6&255(%%&/-&%9**-7/:
GH5(%%$=(&%57((+&/$.(F:
E4(%$/8I:
c-/&(+-91#&*#8%$520&25/$=$/8J:
i+#(20/#8&,$(/M:
C9008$+1X:
S00(120&,791&9%(V:
>2.$08&2+,&,-.(%/$5&=$-0(+5(\:
S+/(7+(/&%26(/8U:
K#$0,&249%(&2+,&+(10(5/T:
?9$5$,(FW:
!!!;%& %-5$(/8&5#2+1(% ,9(&/-&2,=2+5(%&$+&#(20/#527(&2+,&/(5#+-0-18&2+,&2%&'(&7(672.(&'#2/&$/&.(2+%&/-&4(&2&
0(27+(7&$+&/#(&IF%/&K(+/978L&#(20/#8&2+,&2&*7-,95/$=(&2+,&5-+/7$49/$+1&.(.4(7&-6&2&%-5$(/8&!/#(&#(20/#&5-+5(7+%&
-6&-97&8-9/#&'$00&20%-&5#2+1(:
!!!"#(&/-*&/(+&5#$0,&#(20/#&*7-40(.%&2%&/-0,&48&/#(&;9%/720$2+&*940$5&27(<
#//*%<33''':5#$0,#(20/#*-00:-71:293*-00%3/-*!FW!5#$0,!#(20/#!*7-40(.%3
Why+Should+I+Care?
!!!"#(&,2/2&24-=(&#$1#0$1#/%&/#(&$.*-7/2+/&0$+)%&4(/'((+&2&5#$0,O%&#(20/#&
%/2/9%&2+,&/#($7&'(00!4($+1&2+,&%94%(Q9(+/&252,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/: i+#(20/#8&)$,%&a9%/&,-+j/&0(27+&/-&/#($7&6900&*-/(+/$20k
d
What+is+FASD?
!!!>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&@>;?AB&$%&/#(&/(7.&9%(,&/-&,(%57$4(&/#(&
*#8%$520&2+,3-7&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,$%-7,(7&/#2/&52+&7(%90/&67-.&6(/20&
205-#-0&(H*-%97(:
!!!>;?A&$%&)+-'+&2%&/#(&lS+=$%$40(&A$%24$0$/8m&2%&$/&52+&266(5/&/#(&$+,$=$,920O%&
472$+&2+,&+(7=-9%&%8%/(.&'$/#-9/&2+8&-/#(7&=$%$40(&/72$/%&
!!!;%&2&7(%90/L&62.$0$(%&(H*(7$(+5(&/#(&5#2725/(7$%/$5%&-6&/#(&,$%-7,(7&'$/#-9/&
7(20$f$+1&$/O%&2&5-+%(Q9(+5(&-6&6(/20&205-#-0&
!!!>;?A&52+&.(2+&.(+/20L&*#8%$520L&4(#2=$-9720L&2+,3-7&0(27+$+1&,$%24$0$/$(%:&
d
Why+Does+it+Happen?
!!!>;?A&$%&+-/&2&1(+(/$5&5-+,$/$-+&2+,&$%&5-.*0(/(08&*7(=(+/240(&!$6&/#(&4$7/#&
.-/#(7&,-(%&+-/&,7$+)&205-#-0&,97$+1&*7(1+2+58&
!!!S6&/#(&4$7/#&.-/#(7&,-(%&+-/&,7$+)&205-#-0&,97$+1&#(7&*7(1+2+58L&/#(&5#$0,&$%&
69008&*7-/(5/(,&67-.&/#(&,$%-7,(7&
!!!C9/n::&?$.*08&5#--%$+1&24%/$+(+5(&$%&-6/(+&/--&%$.*0$%/$5:&>-7&.2+8&
'-.(+L&$6&+-/&*02++$+1L&/#(8&.28&+-/&)+-'&/#(8&27(&(=(+&*7(1+2+/&-7&/#(8&
.28&+((,&#(0*&/-&%/-*&,7$+)$+1&@P72+/L&FTT\B:
d
How+Many+Have+It?
!!!>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&-7&>;?A&$%&(%/$.2/(,&/-&266(5/&F&$+&FWW&
$+62+/%&4-7+&(25#&8(27&@]28L&(/:&20:L&IWWTB:&
!!!S6&'(&255(*/&/#2/&MW!XWY&-6&*7(1+2+5$(%&27(&9+*02++(,L&$/&.28&4(&(H*-%97(&
-5597%&'$/#-9/&)+-'0(,1(&-6&*7(1+2+58&@?(,1#L&?$+1#&o&R9%%2$+L&IWFMB&
!!!;9%/720$2+&7(%(275#%&=27$-9%08&*7(,$5/(,&2%&.2+8&2%&UWY&-6&*7(1+2+5$(%&
.28&4(&(H*-%(,&/-&%-.(&0(=(0&-6&205-#-0&@EOp((66(&(/:&20:L&IWFXB
d
DGK"i^G<&"RG&DG;^cScP&KR;DDGcPG?&E>&KRSDA^Gc&NS"R&>G";D&;DKERED&
?_GK"^i]&AS?E^AG^?&
How+is+FASD+Assessed?
!!!"-&2%%(%%&2+&$+,$=$,920&-6&%9%*(5/(,&>;?AL&/#(&6-00-'$+1&(%%(+/$20&57$/(7$2&
.9%/&4(&5-+%$,(7(,&48&2&.90/$,$%5$*0$+278&,$21+-%/$5&/(2.<&
F:&]2/(7+20&205-#-0&9%(&2+,&-/#(7&(H*-%97(%&
I:&c(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&$.*2$7.(+/&
J:&>25$20&2+,&-/#(7&*#8%$520&6(2/97(%
!!!C-/#&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(&
%(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&-6&/#(&6-00-'$+1&,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%<&
C72$+&%/795/97(3c(97-0-18L&]-/-7&?)$00%L&K-1+$/$-+L&D2+1921(L&;52,(.$5&
25#$(=(.(+/L&](.-78L&;//(+/$-+L&GH(59/$=(&69+5/$-cL&;66(5/&7(1902/$-+L&
;,2*/$=(&4(#2=$-97
@C-'(7&o&G00$-//L&IWFVL&;9%/720$2+&P9$,(&/-&/#(&,$21+-%$%&-6&>;?AB
d
FASD+That+We+Can+See
"#(&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(L&6$7%/08<&
>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&Z'$/#&J&%(+/$+(0&625$20&6(2/97(%&
!!!_7(+2/20&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&$%&5-+6$7.(,&-7&9+)+-'+L&
!!!g$%$40(&625$20&,$66(7(+5(%&@K29%(,&'#(+&205-#-0&$%&5-+%9.(,&,97$+1&2&*(7$-,&
-6&/#(&*7(1+2+58&5200(,&12%/7902/$-+&'#$5#&-6/(+&-5597%&4(/'((+&/#(&F\/#&!
IW/#&,28&-6&*7(1+2+58BL&
!!!?(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%
d
FASD+That+We+Cannot+See
"#(&%(5-+,&.(,$520&,$21+-%(%&$+&;9%/720$2&5-=(7(,&48&/#(&%*(5/79.&$+509,(%<
d
>(/20&;05-#-0&?*(5/79.&A$%-7,(7&Z'$/#&0(%%&/#2+&J&%(+/$+(0&625$20&6(2/97(%
!!!_7(+2/20&205-#-0&(H*-%97(&$%&5-+6$7.(A
!!!WL&FL&-7&I&=$%$40(&625$20&,$66(7(+5(%:
!!!?(=(7(&$.*2$7.(+/&$+&2/&0(2%/&J&+(97-,(=(0-*.(+/20&,-.2$+%
?-975(<&C-'(7&o&G00$-//L&IWFVL&;9%/720$2+&P9$,(&/-&/#(&,$21+-%$%&-6&
>;?A>;KiD"`&E>&GAiK;"SEc&FI
Multiple+Characteristics
?-.(&5#2725/(7$%/$5%&$+509,(L&49/&27(&+-/&0$.$/(,&/-<
!!!](.-78&*7-40(.%&
!!!A$66$590/8&%/-7$+1&2+,&7(/7$(=$+1&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&*(76-7.2+5(
!!! S.*90%$=$/8L&,$%/725/$4$0$/8L&,$%-712+$f2/$-+&
!!!;4$0$/8&/-&7(*(2/&$+%/795/$-+%L&49/&$+24$0$/8&/-&*9/&/#(.&$+/-&25/$-+&
d
!!!A$66$590/8&'$/#&24%/725/&/#$+)$+1&Z.2/#(.2/$5%L&.-+(8L&/$.(
!!!K-1+$/$=(&*7-5(%%$+1&,(6$5$/%&Z/#$+)$+1&'#$5#&$%&%0-'(,&
!!!?0-'(7&29,$/-78&*25(&@.28&-+08&*$5)&9*&*$(5(%&-6&/#(&$+6-7.2/$-+&-7&
$+%/795/$-+B&
!!!A(=(0-*.(+/20&Z,(=(0-*.(+/&$%&8-9+1(7&/#2+&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&*7(,$5/&-9/5-.(%&-7&9+,(7%/2+,&5-+%(Q9(+5(%
Caution!
C(#2=$-97&50(2708&7(60(5/%&9+,(708$+1&472$+&,2.21(&%-&$/&$%&$.*-7/2+/&6-7&2+&
(,952/-7&/-<&
!!!>$+,&2+&255972/(&(H*02+2/$-+&-6&'#(7(&/#(&5#$0,35#$0,7(+&$+&8-97&527(&6$/&
'$/#$+&/#(&'$,(&%*(5/79.&-6&*-%%$4$0$/$(%&'$/#$+&>;?A&2%&2&,$%-7,(7&Z
*#8%$-0-18L&/#$+)$+1&24$0$/$(%L&(H*(5/2/$-+%&@D2'78)L&IWWXB:&
!!!K29/$-+&+((,%&/-&4(&/2)(+&/-&255-9+/&6-7&/#(&*7(=$-9%&0$6(&(H*(7$(+5(%&-6&
5#$0,7(+&'#$5#&27(&%-.(/$.(%&/729.2/$5&Z249%(L&+(10(5/L&2&%(+%(&-6&
242+,-+.(+/L&$%-02/$-+&@_20(8&o&EOK-++-7L&IWFFB:
d
Executive+Functioning
!!!l(H(59/$=(&69+5/$-+$+1&7(6(7%&/-&/#(&24$0$/$(%&/#2/&9+,(70$+(&$+,(*(+,(+/L&
*97*-%(690L&5-+/(H/92008&2**7-*7$2/(&4(#2=$-97:m&_--7&(H(59/$=(&69+5/$-+$+1&
$%&l50(2708& /#(&(%%(+5(&-6&/#(&,$%24$0$/8m&5200(,&>;?A&@D2'78)L&IWWXB&
!!!"#$%&(Q92/(%&/-<&
F:&A$66$590/8&*02++$+1L&*7(,$5/$+1L&-712+$%$+1L&*7$-7$/$%$+1L&%(Q9(+5$+1L&$+$/$2/$+1&
2+,&6-00-'$+1&/#7-91#:
I:&?(//$+1&1-20%L&5-.*08$+1&'$/#&5-+/725/920&-40$12/$-+%L&4($+1&-+&/$.(L&
2,#(7$+1&/-&2&%5#(,90(:
d
Memory
!!!S+6-7.2/$-+&$+*9/L&$+/(172/$-+L&6-7.$+1&2%%-5$2/$-+%L&7(/7$(=20&2+,&-9/*9/&
27(&,(6$5$/%:&
!!!A$66$590/8&0(27+$+1&67-.&*2%/&.$%/2)(%&!-6/(+&/#(&%2.(&.$%/2)(%&27(&.2,(&
-=(7&2+,&-=(7&212$+&,(%*$/(&$+57(2%$+108&%(=(7(&5-+%(Q9(+5(%:&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&.(.-78&-7&*(76-7.2+5(&!7(.(.4(7$+1&2&/2%)&6-7&/'-&,28%&
/#(+&6-71(//$+1&/#(&/2%)&-+&/#(&/#$7,&,28:
@^2.9%%(+&o&?-0($.2+$L&IWFFB
d
Developmental+Dysmaturity
!!!E6/(+&69+5/$-+%&%-5$2008L&(.-/$-+2008L&2+,&$+&.(+/2008&2/&2&.95#&8-9+1(7&
0(=(0&,(=(0-*.(+/20&21(&/#2+&/#($7&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(:&
!!!;&X&8(27&-0,&.28&4(&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&.-7(&0$)(&2&I&8(27&-0,L&2&FI&8(27&-0,&
0$)(&2&V&8(27&-0,L&2+,&2&IX&8(27&-0,&.-7(&0$)(&2&FJ&8(27&-0,&2+,&%-&-+:::&
@]204$+L&&IWWWB
d
Speech+and+Language
!!!]28&%((.&/-&9+,(7%/2+,&$+%/795/$-+%&2+,&1$=(&217((.(+/&49/&$%&9+240(&/-&
5-.*7(#(+,:&
!!!E6/(+&7(*(2/%&790(%&(H25/08&2%&%2$,&49/&52++-/&2**08&/#(%(&%2.(&790(%:&
!!!A$66$590/8&5-.*7(#(+,$+1&/#(&.(2+$+1&-6&02+1921(&2+,&255972/(08&
2+%'(7$+1&Q9(%/$-+%:&
!!!]28&217((&-7&5-+624902/(&@5-.*08&2+,&6$00&$+&/#(&402+)%B:&
!!!]28&/20)&(H5(%%$=(08&49/&9+240(&/-&(+121(&$+&2&.(2+$+1690&(H5#2+1(:&
!!!"#(&%#((7&=-09.(&-6&'-7,%&9%(,&.28&57(2/(&/#(&$.*7(%%$-+&-6&
5-.*(/(+5(:
d
Cognitive+Pace
!!!]28&/#$+)&%0-'08L&%28&lS&,-+O/&)+-'mL&2**(27&/-=(&h%#9/&,-'+O&-7&+((,&
.$+9/(%&/-&1(+(72/(&2+&2+%'(7&72/#(7&/#2+&%(5-+,%:&
!!!"#$%&0(2,%&/-&/#(&502$.&/#2/&*(-*0(&266(5/(,&48&>;?A&27(&l/(+&%(5-+,&
*(-*0(&$+&2&-+(&%(5-+,&'-70,m&@]204$+&IWWXB&
!!!^$1$,L&%/95)&-+&2+&$,(2&-7&/#-91#/&
!!!]28=(&*7-40(.%&%'$/5#$+1&/#-91#/%L&%/-**$+1&25/$=$/$(%&-7&/72+%6-7.$+1&
/-&2&+('&/2%)&
!!!E6/(+&7(25/%&%/7-+108&/-&5#2+1(%&$+&%(//$+1L&*7-172.&-7&*(7%-++(0&@G:1:L&
7(0$(6&/(25#(7%3+('&%/266B
d
Judgement/Cause+and+Effect+Reasoning
!!!^(Q9$7(%&24%/725/&/#$+)$+1&
!!!A$66$590/$(%&$+&5-+5(*/920$%$+1&/$.(L&=209(&-6&.-+(8:&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&.2)(&,(5$%$-+%:&
!!!S+24$0$/8&/-&7(5-1+$%(&,2+1(7&-7&,$%/$+19$%#&,2+1(7&67-.&%26(/8L&67$(+,&67-.&
%/72+1(7L&62+/2%8&67-.&7(20$/8:&
!!!"#(7(&$%&2+&$+24$0$/8&/-&1(+(720$%(& $+6-7.2/$-+L&/-&6-7.&0$+)%&2+,&
2%%-5$2/$-+%&2+,&/#(&5#$0,&$%&-6/(+&9+240(&/-&2**08&2&0(27+(,&790(&$+&2&+('&
%(//$+1
d
Sensory+Systems
!!!]28&-=(7!7(25/&/-&%/$.90$L&6-7&(H2.*0(L&/25/$0(&,(6(+%$=(+(%%:&K-90,&7(25/&
/-&,$66(7(+/&/(H/97(%L&%.(00%L&/2%/(%L&0$1#/$+1L&+-$%(:&
!!!]28&4(&-=(7'#(0.(,&48&%(+%-78&$+*9/&!9+240(&/-&6$0/(7&-9/&(H/72+(-9%&
%/$.90$&!%8.*/-.%&$+509,(&$+57(2%(,&21$/2/$-+L&$77$/24$0$/8L&2+,&2117(%%$-+:&
!!!]28&20%-&9+,(7!7(25/&/-&*2$+&2+,&+-/&5-.*02$+&-6&(2725#(%L&47-)(+&4-+(%L&
2+,&4(&9+240(&/-&(H*(7$(+5(& *2$+690&%/$.90$&0$)(&#(2/&-7&5-0,:&
!!!"25/$0(&%/$.902/$-+&@'2+/$+1&/-&/-95#&-7&4(&/-95#(,BL*(7%(+%$/$=(&-7&
#8*-%(+%$/$=(&/-&0$1#/L&%-9+,L&/2%/(L&%.(00&2+,3-7&/-95#:
d
Physical
!!!l02f8&(8(m@%/724$%.9%B[&,(57(2%(,&.9%50(&/-+(&@#8*-/-+$5$/8B[&*--7+,!
(8(&5--7,$+2/$-+&2+,&=$%920%*2/$20&,$66$590/$(%[
!!!C-+(&%/795/9720&2+-.20$(%&0$)(&69%$+1&@%5-0$-%$%B[&
!!!G27&$+6(5/$-+%[&(2/$+1&*7-40(.%&Z/--&.95#&-7&/--&0$//0([&
!!!^(%*$72/-78&/725/&$+6(5/$-+%&
!!!A(+/20&*7-40(.%
d
Comparison
!!!"8*$520&X&8(27&-0,<P-(%&/-&%5#--0L&6-00-'%&J&$+%/795/$-+%L&%$/%&%/$00&6-7&FX&
.$+9/(%L&*028%&2+,&/2)(%&/97+%
!!!X&`(27&-0,&'$/#&>;?A<&c((,%&/-&/2)(&2&+2*L&6-00-'%&F&$+%/795/$-+&$6&%#-'+L&
%$/%&6-7&X&.$+9/(%L&(+121(%&$+&*27200(0&*028L&'2+/%&/#($7&-'+&'28&@;5/%&0$)(&2&I&
-7&J&8(27&-0,B
!!!"8*$520&FW&8(27&-0,<&?/28%&6-59%(,&6-7&VW&.$+9/(%L&7(2,%&2+,&'7$/(%&609(+/08L&
0(27+%&67-.&'-7)%#((/%L&*028%&'(00&2/&7(5(%%L&1(/%&20-+1&'$/#&-/#(7%L&,-(%&+-/&
/$7(&(2%$08&
!!!FW&`(27&-0,&'$/#&>;?A<&_28%&2//(+/$-+&6-7&FW&.$+9/(%L&$%&0(27+$+1&/-&7(2,&
2+,&'7$/(L&0(27+%&48&,-$+13(H*(7$(+5$+1L&$%&(2%$08&/$7(,&2+,&4(5-.(%&
-=(7'#(0.(,&(2%$08&@;5/%&XB
d
Educational+Implications
?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&'$00<
!!!"2)(&0-+1(7&/-&9+,(7%/2+,&'#2/&8-9&27(&%28$+1&
!!!i%92008&+((,&/-&4(&/-0,&.-7(&/#2+&-+5(&
!!!>-71(/&'#2/&8-9=(&%2$,&
!!!]28&+-/&4(&240(&/-&9%(&'-7)%#((/%&
!!!c((,&/-&4(&%#-'+&'#2/&/-&,-&
!!!?/79110(&'$/#&+9.(7258&2+,&24%/725/&5-+5(*/%
!!!>9+5/$-+&2/&2&0-'(7&21(&C9/&/#(8=(&%/7(+1/#%L&/--k&
d
Things+to+Remember
_7$+5$*0(%<&
!!!K2+O/&72/#(7&/#2+&'-+O/&
!!!K-+%$,(7&,(=(0-*.(+/20&21(&72/#(7&/#2+&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(&Z%#$6/&-97&
(H*(5/2/$-+%&
!!!^(20$%/$5&(H*(5/2/$-+%&2+,&(+=$7-+.(+/20&2+,&%-5$20&
255-..-,2/$-+%3%/72/(1$(%&^(,&6021&$+,$52/-7%<&
!!!]28&1$=(&$+5-+%$%/(+/&=(7%$-+%&-6&(=(+/%&@5-+624902/$-+B&
!!!]28=(&2&,$21+-%$%&-6&;ARAL&;AAL&EAAL&^;AL&2&]R&,$21+-%$%L&-/#(7&
,(*(+,(+58&(:1:&*7-40(.&12.40$+1:&
!!!S+5-+%$%/(+/&2//(+,2+5(L&2+,&2&#$%-78&-6&4($+1&/97+(,&2'28&67-.&-/#(7&
*7-172..(%
d
Working+Differentlyd
Modifications+to+Curriculum
!!!;00&.-,$6$52/$-+%&%#-90,&4(&*02++(,&27-9+,&'#(7(&/#(&5#$0,&%((.%&/-&4(&
,(=(0-*.(+/2008
!!!>$197(&-9/&'#(7(&/#(8&;^G&,(=(0-*.(+/2008&2+,&%/27/&/#(7(L&+-/&'#(7(&
/#($7&21(&%28%&/#(8&%#-90,&4(:
!!!K-+57(/(L&K-+%$%/(+/L&_(7%$%/L&^(*(/$/$-+L&^-9/$+(L&?$.*0(L&?*(5$6$5
@K(+/7(&6-7&A$%24$0$/$(%L&?2+6-7,&?5#--0&-6&](,$5$+(&-6&"#(&i+$=(7%$/8&-6&?-9/#&
A2)-/2B
d
Be+Concrete+and+Consistent
!!!K-+57(/(&Z%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&,-&'(00&'#(+&(,952/-7%&/20)&$+&5-+57(/(&
/(7.%L&,-+O/&9%(&'-7,%&'$/#&,-940(&.(2+$+1%L&$,$-.%L&(/5:&C(529%(&/#($7&
%-5$20!(.-/$-+20&9+,(7%/2+,$+1&$%&627&4(0-'&/#($7&5#7-+-0-1$520&21(L&$/&#(0*%&
/-&l/#$+)&8-9+1(7m&'#(+&*7-=$,$+1&2%%$%/2+5(&2+,&1$=$+1&$+%/795/$-+%:
!!!K-+%$%/(+58&ZC(529%(&-6&/#(&,$66$590/8&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&(H*(7$(+5(&
/78$+1&/-&1(+(720$%(&0(27+$+1&67-.&-+(&%$/92/$-+&/-&2+-/#(7L&/#(8&,-&4(%/&$+&2+&
(+=$7-+.(+/&'$/#&6('&5#2+1(%:&"#$%&$+509,(%&02+1921(:&"(25#(7%&2+,&
*27(+/%3527(7%&52+&5--7,$+2/(&'$/#&(25#&-/#(7&/-&9%(&/#(&%2.(&'-7,%&6-7&)(8&
*#72%(%&2+,&-720&,$7(5/$-+%:
d
Be+Repetitive+and+Provide+a+Routine
!!!^(*(/$/$-+&Z?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A=(&5#7-+$5&%#-7/!/(7.&.(.-78&
*7-40(.%[&/#(8&6-71(/&/#$+1%&/#(8&'2+/&/-&7(.(.4(7&2%&'(00&2%&$+6-7.2/$-+&
/#2/%&4((+&0(27+(,&2+,&7(/2$+(,&6-7&2&*(7$-,&-6&/$.(:&S+&-7,(7&6-7&
%-.(/#$+1&/-&.2)(&$/&/-&0-+1&/(7.&.(.-78L&$/&.28&%$.*08&+((,&/-&4(&7(!
/291#/&2+,&7(!/291#/:&
!!!^-9/$+(&Z%/240(&7-9/$+(%&/#2/&,-+O/&5#2+1(&67-.&,28&/-&,28&'$00&.2)(&$/&
(2%$(7&6-7&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&/-&)+-'&'#2/&/-&(H*(5/&+(H/&2+,&,(57(2%(&/#($7&
2+H$(/8L&(+240$+1&/#(.&/-&0(27+:&
d
Be+Simple+and+Specific
!!!?$.*0$5$/8&Z7(.(.4(7&/-&)((*&$/&%#-7/&2+,&%'((/:&?/9,(+/%&'$/#&>;?A&27(&
(2%$08&-=(7%/$.902/(,L&0(2,$+1&/-&h%#9/,-'+m&2/&'#$5#&*-$+/&+-&.-7(&
$+6-7.2/$-+&52+&4(&2%%$.$02/(,:&"#(7(6-7(L&2&%$.*0(&(+=$7-+.(+/&$%&/#(&
6-9+,2/$-+&6-7&2+&(66(5/$=(&%5#--0&*7-172.:&
!!!C(&%*(5$6$5&Z%28&(H25/08&'#2/&8-9&.(2+:&^(.(.4(7&/#2/&%/9,(+/%&'$/#&
>;?A=(&,$66$590/8&'$/#&24%/725/$-+%L&1(+(720$%2/$-+L&2+,&+-/&4($+1&240(&/-&
l6$00&$+&/#(&402+)%m&'#(+&1$=(+&2&,$7(5/$-+:&"(00&/#(.&%/(*&48&%/(*&'#2/&/-&,-L&
,(=(0-*$+1&2**7-*7$2/($/&*2//(7+%:&i%(&*$5/97(%L&5#27/%&-7&-/#(7&=$%920&
2$,%:&?#-'&/#(.&'#2/&/-&,-:
d
Key+Tips
!!!D(27+$+1&.9%/&4(&7(0(=2+/&
!!!i%(&%/7(+1/#%&
!!!_72$%(&2+,&(+5-9721(.(+/&
!!!"78&20/(7+2/$=(&255-..-,2/$+1&(+=$7-+.(+/%&
!!!"20)&/-&*27(+/3527(7&Z%5#--0&/-&#-.(&a-97+20&
!!!;=-$,&(H5(%%$=(&#-.('-7)&-7&0-+1&2%%$1+.(+/%&
!!!R(0*&'$/#&%/9,8
d
Additional++Infomation
!!!''':+-62%,:-71:29
!!! R(0*0$+(&ZFJWW&JWV&IJU&
!!!]90/$&.(,$2&7(%-975(%&2+,&4--)%&
!!!>25/&%#((/%&2+,&>;q?&
!!!^(6(7720&/-&>;?A&50$+$5%&
!!!;9%/720$2+&,$21+-%/$5&19$,(0$+(%&
!!!D-520&2+,&$+/(7+2/$-+20&7(%(275#&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!i%(690&0$+)%&Z;9%/720$2+&2+,&S+/(7+2/$-+20&
!!!>;?A&%9**-7/&17-9*&$+6-7.2/$-+&
!!!^(19027&(c('%0(//(7
d
BONUS: FASD Resource for Teachers
Week$4-Contemporary$Issues-FASD
?9+,28L&M&]275#&IWFU U<IW&*.
