EXSS2026 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Hyperglycemia, Heritability, Delayed Puberty

• School: University of Sydney
• Department: Exercise and Sport Science
• Course: EXSS2026
• Professor: Nathan Johnson

Document Summary

Trends: plateauing off observed is perhaps due to the implementation of interventions. Increase in the rates of total & central adiposity appears to be slowing, but central adiposity measured by waist circumference relative to height is continuing to increase at a faster rate. Critical periods for obesity in early life: three critical periods of development, prenatal low birth weight predicts future obesity, adiposity rebound predict future obesity, adolescence. Fuel use during activity: we burn most of our energy when we are just resting, during exercise, muscle glycogen is utilized most, then plasma ffa, then muscle triglycerides, & plasma glucose, resting metabolic rate (rmr) = 60-75% Correlation between parents and obesity prediction: obese parents influence the chances of their children being obese (in early childhood, childhood obesity is linked to parents. If one obese parent = 3x likely to be obese child. If two obese parents = 15x likely to be obese child.