BANK3011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cash Flow, Yield Curve, Weighted Arithmetic Mean

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peachcoyote549

30 Jul 2018

School

University of Sydney

Department

Bank Financial Management

Course

BANK3011

Professor

Eliza Wu

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Document Summary

It can also be applied to a portfolio: this is the level within a bank at which we really need to measure and manage risk. =(cid:2869: (cid:1830)= macaulay duration (in years) (cid:1872)= number of periods in the future (years, (cid:1829)(cid:1832)= cash flow to be delivered in (cid:1872) periods, (cid:1840)= time to maturity, (cid:1830)(cid:1832)= discount factor. For a zero-coupon bond, macaulay duration equals maturity since 100% of its present value is generated by the payment of the face value at maturity. For all other bonds with cash flows arriving earlier: duration < maturity. (cid:1872) Computing duration: consider a 2-year, 8% coupon bond, with a face value of ,000 and yield-to-maturity of 12%, present value of each cash flow equals (cid:1848)(cid:4666)(cid:1829)(cid:1832)(cid:4667) =(cid:882): coupons are paid semi-annually, so each coupon payment is 8% ,(cid:2868)(cid:2868)(cid:2868) (cid:2870, per period (6-month) yield to maturity is (cid:2869)(cid:2870) (cid:883)(cid:884)%=(cid:888)%. (cid:4666)(cid:2869)+(cid:2868). (cid:2868)6(cid:4667) where (cid:1872) is the period number, weight equals (cid:4666)(cid:4667) (cid:1849) years.

Related Questions

1. Which, if any, of the following statements are false?

A. For a given coupon rate, the sensitivity of bond prices to changes in interest rates increases at an increasing rate as maturity increases.

B. For a given absolute change in interest rates from the same base level, the proportionate increase in bond prices when rates fall is larger than the proportionate decrease in bond prices when rates rise.

C. For identical coupon rates and a given absolute change in interest rates from the same base level, long-term bonds change proportionately more in price than short-term bonds.

D. For identical maturities and a given absolute change in interest rates from the same base level, low-coupon bonds change proportionately less in price than high-coupon bonds.

2. What are the duration and modified duration of a seven-year, 3.5 percent coupon rate, annual coupon payment, $1000 par value government note priced today to yield 3 percent to maturity (use the text formulas or Excelâs Duration and MDuration functions)? What is the convexity of this instrument? [Recall that Bonds and Bond Properties.xls illustrates these calculations.] Using one of the following approximation formulas with yield data in decimal form,

[if text formula] % Change in Price 100 (-1.0 Duration (YieldNew-YieldOld)/(1+YieldOld)),

[if Excel function] % Change in Price 100 (-1.0 MDuration (YieldNew-YieldOld)),

what is the approximate percentage change in this bond's price if yields on comparable securities rise to 4 percent? What is the actual percentage change in this bond's price if yields on comparable securities rise to 4percent (use a financial calculator or Excelâs PV function)?

3. Consider the dividend discount model, the capital asset pricing model, the arbitrage pricing model and the firm valuation model. If these accurately portray the intrinsic values of stock prices and stock returns, then what is the corresponding fundamental relationship between stock prices and interest rates? Explain your answers.

limemouse200

Please answer all of the following questions

1) The CAPM implies that:

a. investors may invest in assets with expected returns lower than the riskless interest rate.

b. no investor should invest in the risk-free asset.

c. the only relevant measure of risk is standard deviation.

d. the expected return on an efficient portfolio may be lower than the riskless interest rate.

2) In case of a simple CAPM being used to estimate a time series data:

a. the mean of a residual risk should be equal to zero.

b. the regression coefficient should be equal to zero.

c. the difference between the market return and the riskfree rate of return should be equal to zero.

d. the beta of the portfolio should be equal to zero.

3)Which of the following statements is true?

a. An increase in coupons increases the duration of the bond.

b. The longer the maturity of a bond, the greater will be its duration.

c. An increase in the interest rate decreases the duration of the bond.

d. Duration is a measure of the sensitivity of the equities.

4) Which of the following investment strategies is inconsistent with a "contrarian" philosophy

a. buying low, selling high

b. buying when odd-lot buying is lower than normal

c. buying when mutual fund cash positions are low

d. buying when most investment advisory services are bearish

e. selling after a market crash or decline

5) All other things equal, which of the following bond price is more sensitive to interest rate changes?

a. a 10 year bond with a 10% coupon

b. a 20 year bond with a 7% coupon

c. a 20 year bond with a 10% coupon

d. a 30 year bond with 7% coupon

6) Studies of firms classified on the basis of P/E ratios come to the conclusion that low-P/E-ratio stocks earn much higher returns, after adjusting for risk, than high-P/E-ratio stocks. This is because

a. low-P/E-ratio stocks are riskier than high-P/E-ratio stocks.

b. investors like low-P/E-ratio stocks.

c. low-P/E-ratio stocks are more likely to be undervalued.

7) Tests of market efficiency tend to

a. look for statistical dependencies that exist in price changes over time.

b. measure the nature of the impact of new information on security prices as that new information becomes available.

c. search for trading systems that might be able to generate supernormal profits.

d. all of the above

Please can someone help me with this :

Minicase 1

Interest Rates, Bond Yields, and Duration

CONCEPTS IN THIS CASE

simple loans
fixed-payment loans
coupon bonds
present value
yield-to-maturity
current yield
nominal and real interest rates
rate of return
capital gain
interest-rate and reinvestment risk
duration

You have been hired to analyze the debt securities of your organization. The firm has outstanding loans and bonds. A quick review of the balance sheet shows the following:

	Liability Amount ($)	Nominal Interest (coupon) Rate	Years to Maturity
Selected Liabilities of the firm
Simple Loans	800	5%	1
Fixed-Payment Loans	5,000	12%	19
Long-term Bonds #1	500,000	10%	4
Long-term Bonds #2	1,080,000	10%	10
Liabilities Total	1,585,800

Market Price for Bond #1	930.50
Market Price for Bond #2	859.50
Face Value of Each Bond	1,000.00
Selected Current Assets of the firm
Marketable Securities:
Treasury Bills	100,000

Note: Treasury Bills have a $10,000 face value, which matures in one year. Each Treasury Bill has a cost of $9,580.00

How much interest would the firm pay each year on the simple-interest loan?

How much would you write a cheque for to pay off the loan in one year?

What is the monthly payment needed to pay off the fixed-payment loans?

What is the current yield for each bond if the current price is:

$930.50 for Bond #1?

$859.50 for Bond #2?

What is the expected yield to maturity for each bond?

Bond #1 selling for $930.50?

Bond #2 selling for $859.50

What is the rate of capital gain if both bonds sell for $900.00 in one year?

Bond #1 selling for $930.50 today?

Bond #2 selling for $859.50 today?

If the Yield to Maturity expected by investors changes to 11%:

What will be the market price of Bond #1?

What will be the market price for Bond #2?

What will be the dollar change in price for Bond #1?

What will be the dollar change in price for Bond #2?

What will be the percent change in price for Bond #1?

What will be the percent change in price for Bond #2?

Since the change in expected yield to maturity is the same, why is the amount of change different between the bonds?

If investors holding our 4-year bonds (Bond #1) receive interest income annually for four years, plus the face value of the bonds at maturity,

What will be the total interest earned on the bond over the next four years?

What will be the face value received at maturity?

Given the following projected income stream for Bond #1:

			Projected Reinvestment Rates
Year	Coupon Interest ($)	Face Value ($)	10%	5%
1	100
2	100		10.00	5.00
3	100		21.00	10.25
4	100	1000	33.10	15.76
Total Income	400	1000	64.10	31.01

What is the total cash available over the next four years to the bond holder earning

10%

15%

What is the average annual rate of return for the bond holder earning

10%

15%

Why does the reinvestment rate affect the annual rate of return for the same bond?

If the expected rate of return on our bonds is 10%, what is the duration of Bond #1?

What is the yield to maturity on the Treasury Bills (a discount bond)?

What is the real rate of interest if the nominal rate is 10% and the inflation rate is 3%?

amethystcrow453

BANK3011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Cash Flow, Yield Curve, Weighted Arithmetic Mean

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