ACFI1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Double-Entry Bookkeeping System, Accounts Payable, The Ledger

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ceruleanbeaver564

23 Jul 2018

School

University of Newcastle

Department

Accounting

Course

ACFI1001

Professor

Marcus

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Document Summary

An account is the detailed record of all changes that have occurred in a particular asset, liability or owners equity during a period. Transactions are recorded in the journal (a chronological record). Accountants then copy the data to the accounts in the ledger. A list of all the ledger accounts is called a trial balance. An asset is a resource controlled by an entity as a result of past events, that is expected to provide an economic benefit to the entity in future. Most firms use the following asset accounts: cash, accounts receivable, bills receivables, inventories, prepaid expenses, land, buildings and plant&equipment. Liabilities are present obligations of the entity arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow from the entity. Most liability accounts include: accounts payable, bills payable and accrued liabilities. Owners equity= the financial estimate of owner"s claim to the value in a business.

Related Questions

16 Section 1000 of the CICA Handbook reference elements of the financial statements. Which of the following best describes an economic resource that is controlled by an entity as a result of a past transaction or event and from which future economic benefits may be derived? a. Asset b. Liability C. Owners Equity d. Expenses e. None of the above. The correct answer is 'a'.

Ristoni Company is in the process of emerging from a Chapter 11 bankruptcy. It will apply fresh start accounting as of December 31, 2017. The company currently has 37,000 shares of common stock outstanding with a $259,000 par value. As part of the reorganization, the owners will contribute 21,000 shares of this stock back to the company. A retained earnings deficit balance of $372,000 exists at the time of this reorganization. The company has the following asset accounts: Book Value Fair Value Accounts receivable $ 74,000 $ 52,000 Inventory 101,000 79,000 Land and buildings 503,000 550,000 Equipment 81,000 70,000 The company's liabilities will be settled as follows. Assume that all notes will be issued at reasonable interest rates. Accounts payable of $87,000 will be settled with a note for $12,000. These creditors will also get 2,000 shares of the stock contributed by the owners. Accrued expenses of $42,000 will be settled with a note for $11,000. Note payable of $107,000 (due 2021) was fully secured and has not been renegotiated. Note payable of $202,000 (due 2020) will be settled with a note for $57,000 and 11,000 shares of the stock contributed by the owners. Note payable of $192,000 (due 2018) will be settled with a note for $78,000 and 8,000 shares of the stock contributed by the owners. Note payable of $242,000 (due 2019) will be settled with a note for $117,000. The company has a reorganization value of $826,000. Prepare all journal entries for Ristoni so that the company can emerge from the bankruptcy proceeding. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answers to the nearest dollar amount. If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field.

Record the adjustment entry to change asset values to fair value.

Record the forfeiture of shares according to the reorganization plan.

Record the settlement of accounts payable as per reorganization plan.

Record the settlement of accrued expenses.

Record the settlement of notes payable due in 2020.

Record the settlement of notes payable due in 2018.

Record the settlement of notes payable due in 2019.

Record the closing entry of gain on debt discharge account.

peachdeer288

13.
value:
4 points

What would be the appropriate entry for the followingtransaction?
Bill Co. performed $5,200 in consulting services on account

1.Credit to Cash, Debit to Accounts Receivable

2.Debit to Revenue, Debit to Cash

3.Debit to Accounts Receivable, Credit to Cash

4.Debit to Revenue, Credit to Cash

5.Debit to Accounts Receivable, Credit to Revenue

14.
value:
4 points

Which of the following is the appropriate journal entry if acompany performs a service and then bills the customer?

1.Debit to Cash, Debit to Revenue

2.Debit to Cash, Credit to Revenue

3.Debit to Accounts Receivable, Credit to Cash

4.Debit to Revenue, Credit to Accounts Receivable

5.Debit to Accounts Receivable, Credit to Revenue

15.
value:
4 points

Of the following accounts, the one that normally has a creditbalance is:

1.Cash

2.Office Equipment

3.Sales Salaries Payable

4.Dividends

5.Sales Salaries Expense

16.
value:
4 points

For what reason do most sellers require customers to have theirreceipts in order to exchange or return purchased items?

The receipt contains coded information which the seller needs toprepare and analyze the trial balance.

Sellers wish to ensure that the sale in question was rung up on theregister in the first place.

This is a legal requirement mandated by a federal law.

The receipt is serving as a promissory note.

To create an environment in which customer's do not want to returnitems.

17.
value:
4 points

A ledger is:

A record containing increases and decreases in a specific asset,liability, equity, revenue or expense item

A journal in which transactions are first recorded

A collection of documents that describe transactions and eventsduring the accounting process

A list of all accounts with their debit balances at a point intime

A list of all accounts a company uses and includes anidentification number assigned to each account

18.
value:
4 points

Stride Rite has total assets of $425 million. Its total liabilitiesare $110 million. Its equity is $315 million. Calculate the debtratio.

38.6%

13.4%

34.9%

25.9%

14.9%

19.
value:
4 points

The accounting process begins with:

Analysis of business transactions and events

Preparation of financial statements and other reports

Summarizing the recorded effects of business transactions

Presentation of financial information to decision-makers

Preparation of the trial balance

20.
value:
4 points

Which of the following statements is correct?

When a future expense is paid in advance, the payment is normallyrecorded in a liability account called Prepaid Expense

Promises of future payment are called accounts payable

Increases and decreases in cash are always recorded in the retainedearnings account

An account called Land is commonly used to record increases anddecreases in both the land and buildings owned by a business

Accrued liabilities include accounts receivable

21.
value:
4 points

The adjusted trial balance contains information pertainingto:

Asset accounts only

Balance sheet accounts only

Income statement accounts only

All general ledger accounts

Revenue accounts only

22.
value:
4 points

A classified balance sheet:

Measures a company's ability to pay its bills on time

Organizes assets and liabilities into important subgroups

Presents revenues, expenses and net income

Reports operating, investing and financing activities

Reports the effect of profit and dividends on retainedearnings

23.
value:
4 points

If accrued salaries were recorded on December 31 with a credit toSalaries Payable, the entry to record payment of these wages on thefollowing January 5 would include:

A debit to Cash and a credit to Salaries Payable

A debit to Cash and a credit to Prepaid Salaries

A debit to Salaries Payable and a credit to Cash

A debit to Salaries Payable and a credit to Salaries Expense

No entry would be necessary on January 5

24.
value:
4 points

If a company records prepayment of expenses in an asset account,the adjusting entry would:

Result in a debit to an expense and a credit to an assetaccount

Cause an adjustment to prior expense to be overstated and assets tobe understated

Cause an accrued liability account to exist

Result in a debit to a liability and a credit to an assetaccount

Decrease cash

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ACFI1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Double-Entry Bookkeeping System, Accounts Payable, The Ledger

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