BEHL 2012 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Secondary Forest, Estrous Cycle, Old-Growth Forest
BEHL 2012 Week 5a Workshop
Pan paniscus
Laughter
Contagious yawning as a sign of empathy
Some differences compared to chimpanzees
Squat when resting
Calls are shriller, almost birdlike
Temperament is more lively and nervous, their movements quicker
Much less aggressive
Use sex for pleasure and conflict resolving
Anatomically body proportions like humans:
Smaller rounder heads
Long rear legs
Stand upright
Red lips
Social structure
Five communities studied
Main community increased from 55 to 70
oLocal villagers ceased to harass
Other community sizes 70-120
Home range size 58km2
Home ranges of different communities overlap very widely
Females disperse sometimes changing groups over short period of time
Males stay in community born into
Fission-fusion society
Party sizes 16.9 avg.
96% contain all ages and sexes
Proportion of oestrous females can be as high as 98%
Use of habitat types
Percent of days on which bonobos utilised different forest types
oPrimary forest 93.5
oSwamp forest 31.2
oOld secondary forest 47.2
oYoung secondary forest and bush 20.6
Diet at wamba (mainly fruit
Fruit, pulp, seeds, shoots, small mammals, eggs, soil, etc
By observation
oFruit 83.4%
oLeaves: 12% in trees, 2% on ground
oAnimal matter 1.5%
By faecal analysis
oFruit 86%
oLeaves 3.7%
oAnimal matter 1.1%
Food sharing
Juveniles frequently beg mother for food
oBy touching mother's mouth
oPutting mouth near mother's mouth
Daily activity budges and ranging
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Document Summary
Contagious yawning as a sign of empathy. Temperament is more lively and nervous, their movements quicker. Use sex for pleasure and conflict resolving. Main community increased from 55 to 70 o. Home ranges of different communities overlap very widely. Females disperse sometimes changing groups over short period of time. Proportion of oestrous females can be as high as 98% Percent of days on which bonobos utilised different forest types o o. Swamp forest 31. 2: old secondary forest 47. 2 o. Fruit, pulp, seeds, shoots, small mammals, eggs, soil, etc. Leaves: 12% in trees, 2% on ground: animal matter 1. 5% Leaves 3. 7% o o: animal matter 1. 1% Juveniles frequently beg mother for food o o. Construction time: night nests 222 seconds, day nests 42 seconds. Male solicits 73% of cases- faces female. If she does not respond he sways in front of her. Torn ears o: missing finger joints o o scars.
