9808 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Autonomic Nervous System, Sympathetic Ganglion, Autonomic Ganglion
19 Jun 2018
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Autonomic Nervous system
Do case studies
Autonomic nervous system = automatic responses – from brain sent to spinal cord to effectors
(effectors are the organs)
Hypothalamus is big player in this system
Wouldn’t be able to maintain homeostatic balance without ANS.
ANS innovates smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. And glands. We don’t have control over these.
Dived into Sympathetic division and Parasympathetic divide = they both work at the same time but
counteract each other. They balance each other out.
Sympathetic nervous system = fight or flight
- Use to Get out of situation
- Mobilises the body in extreme situations
- Involved e activities – exercise, emergency, embarrassment
- Controls blood pressure so we can vasodilate and vasoconstrictor – need blood flow to
skeletal muscle to aid working to get out of situation.
- Long lasting effects –eg. When you are scared takes a while to come back to normal.
- Nerves that you feel for activities is because of sympathetic nervous system
- Arousing
- Is the most complex= it controls more organs.
- It originates from t1 all the way down to l3 .has long post ganglions parasympathetic doesn’t
have any effect pf kidneys, blood vessels.
Pathways
- After the axons enter the sympathetic ganglion they may connect with post ganglion in 4
ways. – just need to know the 4 ways
- 1st – axon way synapse with first ganglion it reaches
- 2nd – axon way ascend or descend to a higher or lower ganglion before it synapses with post
ganglion neuron
- 3rd – axon way continue without synapses through ganglion to end at pre vertebral ganglion
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- 4th – axon pass without synapse in through and extend the adrenal medullar.
Parasympathetic
- Performs maintenance – rest and digest
- Involved d activities – digestion,
- Exerts short lived and highly localised control
- Calming
Pathways – in 4 cranial nerves are sacrum
Counterbalancing each other
What the organs do when each system is used
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Within ANS there is a 2 chain pathway
- pre is before synapse – pre ganglionic are all slightly myelinated and release Ach( it always
excites as the transmitter ,
- Post ganglionic neuron – after synapse , are all un myelinated, the sympathetic post
ganglionic releases NA( adrenalin)
Preganglionic (first)
neuron: – from CNS to
synapse with a peripheral
autonomic ganglion – all
have a lightly myelinated
axon – all release
Acetylcholine always
excites • Postganglionic
(second) neuron – from
ganglion to an effector
organ – all are
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Autonomic nervous system = automatic responses from brain sent to spinal cord to effectors (effectors are the organs) Wouldn"t be able to maintain homeostatic balance without ans. Dived into sympathetic division and parasympathetic divide = they both work at the same time but counteract each other. Controls blood pressure so we can vasodilate and vasoconstrictor need blood flow to skeletal muscle to aid working to get out of situation. Long lasting effects eg. when you are scared takes a while to come back to normal. Nerves that you feel for activities is because of sympathetic nervous system. Is the most complex= it controls more organs. It originates from t1 all the way down to l3 . has long post ganglions parasympathetic doesn"t have any effect pf kidneys, blood vessels. After the axons enter the sympathetic ganglion they may connect with post ganglion in 4 ways. Just need to know the 4 ways. 1st axon way synapse with first ganglion it reaches.
