483 Lecture 12: notes for letcure 12
14 Jun 2018
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Important Definitions Science Life Bio logy Three Basic Assumptions Scientists Take for
Granted The Scientific Method Language (Vocabulary) of Biology Fields of Biology Biodiversity -
Diversity among organisms Definition and discussion of diversity Naming living organisms
Organizing and arranging living organisms into a classification system Classification of Life -
The 5 kingdom classification system
Important Definitions Science 1. According to Webster's New World Dictionary and
Thesaurus (r d ed), science is an organized body of knowledge derived from observation and
study. 2. Science is a method used to search for truth about the physical world and the
natural laws that control the physical world. 3. It is more than a body of knowledge. It is a
way of thinking. 4. Science can be divided into two categories, depending on what is the
subject ofstudy. These include: • Social Sciences such as psychology, sociology, and
history • Natural Sciences that can be further divided into Physical Sciences - deal with
the pbysical world and include cbemistry, physics, geology, astronomy, etc. Biological Sciences
- deal with living organisms and include zoology, botany, forestry, etc. Life 1. According to
Webster's New World Dictionary and Thesaurus (2ed.) , life is defined as the fact or act of living.
The property oforganisms (ending at death) that makes it possible for them to take in food,
grow, and reproduce. 2. Our text book calls living things - organisms 3. Our textbook
does not provide a formal definition of life. However, it does list the following 5 major
characteristics of life. • Living things - are organized a. atoms combine and
organize to form molecules b. molecules combine and organize to form elements c.
cells combine and organize to form tissues d. tissues combine to and organize to form
organs e. organs combine and organize to form organ systems f individual bees come together
and organize a colony g. there are a host of other examples • Living things -
acquire materials and energy a. includes the ability to take in food to make body pa rts and
products and to produce en-ergy • Living things - respond a. includes interactions with the
environment and interactions with other living things. b. some living things are repulsed by
light while others are drawn to light. c. fema le frogs respond to the mating call ofmale
frogs ofthe same species. • Living things - reproduce and develop a. life comes from life b.
to survive - living things must make another living thing like itself ~ Living things - have
adaptations a. most birds have wings that allow flight b. penguins have flipper-like
wings that allow them to swim in the water c. A mammal like the beaver have layers of
fat and hair that allow them to stay warm and live in frigid waters Biology 1. Our textbook
definition of biology is the scientific study of life. 2. We can also call it the science of living or the
science of life. Three Basic Assumptions Scientists Take For Granted t. Science deals with
observable phenomena in a material Ulliverse • Phenomena (events) can be apprehended,
measured, or are approachable by human senses (sight, soood, touch, smell; etc) or by
instruments (like the microscope) capable oftransmitting objective data to the human mind. •
These phenomena (events) can also be verified by the senses of other humans 2. Science
assumes that in general there is uniformity in the material universe • Phenomena (events) are
reproducible because the fu ndamental characteristics of the universe as we know it are
constant • Every time there is a fire - there is heat • Ice always produces cold
temperatures 3. Science, especially biological science does not deal with certainties, but
with probabilities • In a sense, this assumption contradicts assumption number 2 • Drugs
Document Summary
It is more than a body of knowledge. Our text book calls living things - organisms 3. Science can be divided into two categories, depending on what is the. Natural sciences that can be further divided into physical sciences - deal with. Important definitions science life bio logy three basic assumptions scientists take for. Granted the scientific method language (vocabulary) of biology fields of biology biodiversity - Diversity among organisms definition and discussion of diversity naming living organisms. Organizing and arranging living organisms into a classification system classification of life - Thesaurus (r d ed), science is an organized body of knowledge derived from observation and study. Science is a method used to search for truth about the physical world and the natural laws that control the physical world. These include: history the pbysical world and include cbemistry, physics, geology, astronomy, etc. Deal with living organisms and include zoology, botany, forestry, etc.
