HIST1601 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Counter-Reformation, Kangxi Emperor, Francis Xavier
Week 5 Lecture – HIST1601
Spread of Christianity
Jesuits:
• Jesuit missionaries = first group of Europeans to visit Mughal court, India.
• 1542: Initially arrived at Portuguese colony of Goa.
• Invited by Emperor Akbar (r. 1556-1605).
• Three Jesuit missions.
• Third headed by Father Jerome Xavier (1549-1617).
Reformation:
• Early 16th century: Protestant reformers seen as mortal threat to Roman church.
• Latter responded by mobilizing its most capable & engaging in institutional & ideological
reform = Catholic Reformation.
• Sought to infuse Roman church with renewed piety & missionary spirit.
Jesuits:
• Pioneers of the missionary enterprise.
• 1540: Founded by Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556), when Catholic Church was reeling from
Reformation (see Week 4 lecture).
• Can be considered Counter-Reformation religious order.
• Founded by 10 young priests, mostly Iberians students at University of Paris. Included
Francis Xavier (1506-65). University-trained.
• Sa theseles as itierat preachers like Jesus’s disciples. At forefront of Catholic mission
into Asia.
• Worldwide spread of Christianity in non-Western world.
• 16th and 17th century Europe: age of brutal religious warfare: Christians were fighting
Christians.
Seaborne Empires:
• Early 1500s: Rise of Portuguese merchant shipowners.
• Transported Jesuit missionaries (esp. Portuguese but also Italians & others) around world.
• 1550s-1560s: network of Portuguese settlements from Indian ocean to Japan.
• Missionaries - increasing number (esp. Jesuits, mostly Portuguese) went from Europe to
Asia.
• Why? Agreement between Spain & Portugal.
• Non-European world divided.
• Spanish sphere: most of the Americas & Philippines.
• Portuguese: most of Africa & Asia.
Introduced Christianity:
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Jesuit missionaries = first group of europeans to visit mughal court, india: 1542: initially arrived at portuguese colony of goa, three jesuit missions, third headed by father jerome xavier (1549-1617). Reformation: early 16th century: protestant reformers seen as mortal threat to roman church. Latter responded by mobilizing its most capable & engaging in institutional & ideological reform = catholic reformation: sought to infuse roman church with renewed piety & missionary spirit. Jesuits: pioneers of the missionary enterprise, 1540: founded by ignatius of loyola (1491-1556), when catholic church was reeling from. Reformation (see week 4 lecture): can be considered counter-reformation religious order, founded by 10 young priests, mostly iberians students at university of paris. University-trained: sa(cid:449) the(cid:373)sel(cid:448)es as iti(cid:374)era(cid:374)t preachers like jesus"s disciples. At forefront of catholic mission into asia: worldwide spread of christianity in non-western world, 16th and 17th century europe: age of brutal religious warfare: christians were fighting.
