MGMT10002 Lecture Notes - Germline Mutation, Genotype, Advantageous
5 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Understanding Diversity – Lecture 21 and 22
Diversity between Species
• differet kids of speies
• ariatio in a trait across species
Diversity within Species
• pheotypi ariatio
• genotypic variation
Diverse species
- About 1.5 million named species, but many more require formal description
- Estimates of the actual number of species range from 3-80
million
- Almost half of all insects are beetles
Insects have antennae used to detect (mostly) chemical
signals – so much variation for essentially the same function
Phenotypic Diversity
observed variation among individuals in morphology, development or behaviour
i.e. race, breeds of dogs
Genotypic Diversity
The genes an organism inherits (differences are soeties iisile
Four evolutionary forces that contribute to generating and maintaining diversity
Mutation
• Oly gerlie utatio i ells that produe eggs ad sper a e passed o
• Oly soati utatios affet the idiidual i which they occur
• They are random disadvantageous, neutral or advantageous (adaptations)
Migration
• Movement of genes( information) between populations i.e. gametes and pollination
• gee flo aries aross speies
• The less gee flo between two populations, the more likely they will evolve into
separate species
Drift ( genetic)
• ‘ado hages to the geeti opositio of a populatio
• Drift doest produe adaptatios
• typially assoiated ith a sall populatio either the population is greatly reduced
through geeti ottleeks ariatio i the large pop at e represeted i a sall
population) , or it is established with very few individuals through the founder effect.
Selection
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
