BIOL10003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Hemolytic Disease Of The Newborn, Hh Blood Group, Red Blood Cell

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magentamuskrat643

12 Nov 2018

School

University of Melbourne

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL10003

Professor

All

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Document Summary

The alleles determine the presence or absence of an antigen on the surface of the red blood cell. The antigen is a glycoprotein embedded in the red blood cell membrane. Abo blood groups one gene locus on chromosome 9. Ia and ib are codominant, io is recessive. Blood transfusions: agglutination: antigen binds to antibodies (bad) Incoming antigen must be opposite to the recipient i. e. a patient with antibody b can receive antigen a or o. Type o has no antigens, so it is the universal donor. Type ab has no antibodies, so it is the universal receiver. Bombay people can only receive blood from bombay people. Secretes antigens in saliva, tears, mucus, semen. Their antigens are water soluble a b h antigens. 2 alleles se and se 78% secretors (sese or sese) 2 alleles, 3 genotypes, 2 phenotypes: rh +ve (dd or dd), rh ve (dd)

Related Questions

Define antibody screen and antibody identification.

2. Differentiate between the importance and use of the antibody screen versus antibody identification regarding each of the following:
a. Potential blood recipient
b. Donor unit
c. Prenatal/Postpartum patients
d. Recently transfused patients with positive DAT (Direct Antiglobulin Test)
e. Neonate with positive DAT

3. State the three phases of testing used in the antibody screen or antibody identification and which type of antibody can be detected in each phase.

4. State the significance of a negative antibody screen.

5. State the significance of a positive antibody screen.

6. Explain the importance of obtaining a patient transfusion and medication history when investigating a positive antibody screen.

7. Given the type of antibody identified, determine the necessary procedure for compatibility testing to provide blood for transfusion for the patient.

8. Explain the purpose of the autocontrol and its relationship to the DAT.

9. Define dosage as it relates to antibody-antigen interactions.

10. Given specific red cell antigen expression, determine if the antigen expression is homozygous or heterozygous.

11. Explain the significance of using screening and panel cells with homozygous antigen expression when performing an antibody screen or identification.

12. Explain the â3 cell rule-inâ rule with regard to antibody identification for single or multiple antibodies present.

13. Explain the ârule-outsâ rule with regard to antibody identification.

14. Given antibody agglutination results for an antibody identification panel, perform the â3 cell rule-inâ and all ârule-outsâ to identify the antibody(ies) present.

15. State which blood group antigens are destroyed by enzyme treatment and which antibodies have enhanced expression when tested against enzyme treated reagent red blood cells.

16. Define mixed field agglutination.

17. Describe specific occasions when mixed field agglutination may be present and identified.

18. Given a patient history, current ABO/Rh type, antibody screening and (if applicable) antibody identification results, interpret the testing results.

19. Given a patient history, current ABO/Rh type, antibody screening and (if applicable) antibody identification results, select the appropriate ABO/Rh type of red cell products for transfusion.

20. Given a patient history, current ABO/Rh type, antibody screening and (if applicable) antibody identification results, select the appropriate ABO type of frozen component products for transfusion.

21. Given a patient history, current ABO/Rh type, antibody screening and current or historical antibody identification results, determine the appropriate red blood cell antigen negative blood that would be required for transfusion.

22. For patients in Objective #21, given the antigen frequency of those red blood cell antigens, calculate the number of red blood cell donor units that would need to be screened for transfusion to fulfill the order requested by the physician.

23. Given a patientâs ABO/Rh type and/or other red blood cell antigen phenotyping results, determine the most probable genotype of the patient.

24. Given a patientâs ABO/Rh type and/or other red blood cell antigen phenotyping results, determine the most probable genotype or phenotype of the patientâs parents.

25. Given a patientâs ABO/Rh type and/or other red blood cell antigen phenotyping results, determine the antibody(ies) present in the patientâs serum or plasma.

26. Given donor physical, screening and/or history results, determine if the donor would be accepted, temporarily deferred, or permanently deferred from donating blood products

1-The ABO blood typing system is based on ..

a- Genetic testing of blood samples

b- Cell-surface proteins found on red blood cells.

c- The count of certain cells found within a blood sample.

d- Unique white blood cells found in patients withinfections.

e- A conference of the Allied Blood Organization in 1958.

2- If a patient who has lost a lot of blood is not given atransfusion of typing blood that is "matched" or compatible, butrather an incompatible transfusion, this result in ...

a- Collapse of the veins due to low blood volume and low bloodpressure.

b- Leakage of the blood out of the vascular system and into thetissues.

c- Too much oxygen in the blood, injuring the brain.

d- Immune-mediated lysis of the RBCs, breaking open the cellsand releasing toxins into the blood.

e- A life-threatening condition known as toxemia that can betreated with injection of antibiotics.

3- A person with Type B blood will have________ antibodies inthier blood?

a- Anti-A.

b- Anti-B.

c- Anti-AB

d- Anto-O

e- Anti-ABO

4- Some patients are known as universal acceptors have bloodtype..