ANAT20006 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Ulnar Artery, Brachial Artery, Axillary Artery
12 Jun 2018
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LECTURE 16
UPPER LIMBS (3) NERVES & VESSELS
UPPER LIMB
ARTERIES
•(2) Principles: branches supply skin, muscles, joints, etc.
Branches form anastomoses at joints.
•(3) subclavian artery is under
the clavicle. There are a number
of regions in the upper limb, one
of which is known as the axilla.
The artery here becomes the
axillary artery and then the brachial
artery once in the arm. Arteries are well
protected on flexor surfaces.
•Brachial artery: major blood vessel of the arm,
continuation of the axillary artery, ventro-medial
aspect of the arm, divides into radial and
ulnar arteries.
•(4) can see the ulnar an radial artery, there are
anastomotic branches above. Blood supply to hand
goes over flexor retinaculum (the band of tissue
covering the carpal bones), not under. Both radial and
ulnar artery then divide again, both to have deep and
superficial branches. Both arteries terminate in a palmar arterial arch.
Lecture 16 - Monday 28 August 2017
ANAT20006 - HUMAN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
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•(5) once arteries constrict in the cold, fingers and nose
and toes go numb. They are all supplied with end
arteries. So we have the brachial artery, ulnar and radial
arteries and then palmar arterial arch.
•(6) brachial rater descends in forearm to branch into
radial and ulnar arteries. So a humerus fracture above
the condyles is a super condylar fracture. Even if you
don’t sever the brachial artery, it can be stretched. This
kind of stretch is followed by a reflex vasoconstriction.
•(7) scaphoid bone has relatively unusual blood
supply. Anatomically, it is at the base of our
thumb. The way the blood is supplied is: the
artery passes the scaphoid and supplies blood
from the distal and then to the proximal pole.
•Reanastomose (verb) = reconnect.
VEINS
•(8) how does the
blood return?
Via the venous
system. So there
are 2 types of
veins: superficial
veins in
superficial fascia
(highly variable),
and deep veins.
•Superficial veins
begin on dorsal
side of hand as a
dorsal venous arch (very few on palm because veins are
thin walled and very
little pressure can cause
them to shut down).
•Venae comitantes
commute with the arteries. Typically 1
artery with smaller veins on each side.
These structures are typically encased or
constrained in fascia or a
sheath. With the pulsatile
energy of the artery from the
heart, as the artery bulges out,
the vein being thin walled
narrows down.
•Main tributaries: cephalic,
basilica, median cubital
•Deep veins: via perforating
veins. Accompany major arteries -
venae comitantes. Muscular venous
pump. Valves ensure
unidirectional flow.
Lecture 16 - Monday 28 August 2017
ANAT20006 - HUMAN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
Document Summary
Arteries: (2) principles: branches supply skin, muscles, joints, etc. Branches form anastomoses at joints: (3) subclavian artery is under the clavicle. There are a number of regions in the upper limb, one of which is known as the axilla. The artery here becomes the axillary artery and then the brachial artery once in the arm. Arteries are well protected on flexor surfaces: brachial artery: major blood vessel of the arm, continuation of the axillary artery, ventro-medial aspect of the arm, divides into radial and ulnar arteries. 2: (4) can see the ulnar an radial artery, there are anastomotic branches above. Blood supply to hand goes over flexor retinaculum (the band of tissue covering the carpal bones), not under. Both radial and ulnar artery then divide again, both to have deep and superficial branches. Both arteries terminate in a palmar arterial arch.
