HBS204 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Beta Cell, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Pancreatic Islets
Document Summary
Glucagon second stimulus also a stimulus for insulin: a second stimulus for release for glucagon is increased plasma amino acids. Increased plasma amino acids are also a stimulus for the release of insulin. If we were to have a meal that only contained amino acids and didn"t contain glucose, there is an increased risk of hypoglycaemia, so by plasma amino acids triggering release of glucagon prevents hypoglycaemic state. Glucagon-induced changes to metabolism effect of glucagon on liver cells: an effect of glucagon is to promote glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, this will increase glucose concentration inside the liver cells. Summary table: new information - the chemical nature: a 29 amino acid peptide and it"s half-life is 4 to 6 minutes. Diabetes mellitus: the most common pathology of the pancreatic endocrine system. Type ii diabetes: the target tissues have a reduced responsiveness to insulin - the target tissues are adipose tissue, muscle and liver.
