NPP1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Inguinal Ligament, Interstitial Lung Disease, Circulatory System
5 Jun 2018
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WEEK 8 – RESPIRATORY SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Respiratory system
structures
• Upper tract
- Nose
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Upper trachea
• Lower tract
- Lower trachea
- Lungs
Thoracic cavity
• Lung borders – apex
(highest point of lung
tissue) and base (rests
on diarphrams
• Lungs – 3 lobes on
right, 2 on left
• Plurae – envelope
between lungs and
chest wall
• Visceral plurae – lines
outside of lungs
dipping into fissure
Thorax and lungs health
history questions
• PQRST – dyspnea,
cough, sputum, chest
pain
• Past health history:
• Surgery – bronchoscopy, lobectomy, pneumonectomy, chest trauma
• Medical – asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia, TB
• Medication – bronchodilators, cough suppressant, oxygen, steroids,
allergies
• Environment – smoker, stress, bird keeper, scuba diving, asbestos
• Diet – alcohol
• Psychosocial – self esteem, coping mechanism, support system
• Family history – cystic fibrosis, asthma, lung cancer
Inspection of thorax and lungs
• Skin colour and condition, scars, shape and configuration, resp rate,
rhythm, depth, symmetry, superficial veins
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Document Summary
Week 8 respiratory system structure and function. Thoracic cavity right, 2 on left between lungs and chest wall. Inspection of thorax and lungs: skin colour and condition, scars, shape and configuration, resp rate, rhythm, depth, symmetry, superficial veins. Adventitious sounds: wheeze = high velocity airflow through severely narrowed bronchus pulmonary edema, crackes/rales = random sudden re inflammation of group of alveoli due to disruptive passage of air. Sounds like continuous squeak during inspiration or exp. Causes asthma, congestive heart failure, chronic bronchitis, copd, Causes asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, consolidation, Mediastinal crunch/hammans sign crackles synchronixed with heart. Stridor = inspiratory music wheeze over trachea suggesting early chf, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary edema: medical emergency/immediate attention obstruction beat. Pulse arteries big toe to inguinal ligament: carotid central artery in neck. Jugular vein shows activity on right side: femoral pulse palpate below and medial, popliteal hard to detect, dorsalis pedis locate extensor tendon of, posterior tibial groove between ankle and.
