PATH1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Circulation, Thoracic Vertebrae
Document Summary
Case study: cardiovascular condition: 48 yr old male, successful barrister, father of three, lifelong endurance athlete (7 ironman, english channel swim, marathons) At ed: hb 90/50 mmhg, pulse:120bpm, resp:26/min. Atrial fibrillation on a background of chronic intense exercise, tachycardia (low hr), hypotensive, mild hypertension, and hypercolesterol, possible predisposition to ischaemic heart disease and hardening of the arteries. Causes: endothelial damage, platelet adhesion to endothelium, lipoprotein accumulation, oxidation and glycation, accumulation of macrophages within atrial walls, fatty streaks (foam cells) progress to fibrous plaques, stable until ulceration, leading to rupture, platelet aggregation, thrombosis and infarction. Ischaemic heart disease: atherosclerosis affecting coronary arteries. Narrowing of coronary vessels occludes myocardial blood supply. Cells temporarily deprived of blood supply and 02. Symptoms: include angina (chest pain), breathlessness: myocardial infarction (heart attack) Complete occlusion/blockage of coronary arteries causing myocardial damage. Cardiac anatomy: atria, ventricles (pericardium, myocardium, endocardium, heart valves (pulmonary, bicuspid, aortic, tricuspid, myocardial muscle (cardiac muscle cells, right.
