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HUMB1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Restrictive Lung Disease, Functional Residual Capacity, Lung Volumes

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emeraldgnat521
24 Aug 2018
School
Curtin University
Department
Human Biology
Course
HUMB1000
Professor
All

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Document Summary

Pulmonary volumes: volume of air that is involved in the different stages of breathing, tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume. The amount of air inspired or expired with each breath. The amount of air that can be inspired forcefully after inspiration of the tidal volume. The amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of the tidal volume. The volume of air still remaining in the respiratory passages and lungs after the most: expiratory reserve volume, residual volume forceful expiration. Pulmonary capacities: the sum of two or more pulmonary volumes, inspiratory capacity. The amount of air a person can inspire maximally after normal expiration. Tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume: functional residual capacity. The amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration. The maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the respiratory tract after a maximum inspiration. Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume.

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Related Questions

1. Match the word 1-39 above, with the descriptions labled a-t. Word 1-39 can be uses only one please!!

1. alveolar macrophages 2. alveoli 3. Bohr effect 4. bronchi 5. bronchiole 6. cerebral cortex 7. chloride shift 8. compliance 9. costal breathing 10. Dalton’s law 11. diaphragmatic breathing 12. epiglottis 13. eupnea 14. expiratory reserve volume 15. fauces 16. functional residual capacity 17. Haldane effect 18. Henry’s law 19. hilum 20. hypothalamus 21. inferior, middle, and superior nasal meatuses 22. inspiratory capacity 23. larynx 24. limbic system 25. medulla oblongata 26. nose 27. paranasal sinuses 28. pharynx 29. pleural membranes 30. pons 31. primary bronchus 32. secondary bronchus 33. surface tension 34. surfactant 35. terminal bronchiole 36. tertiary bronchus 37. total lung capacity 38. trachea 39. vital capacity

a) -------------------- serves as a sound resonating chamber; contains tonsils; directs air inferiorly

b) ------------------- passes air from pharynx into windpipe; site of sound production

c) ------------------ resonate(s) sound; not part of pharynx

D) ------------------ opening from oral cavity into pharynx

E) ----------------- carries air to a segment of a lung

F) -------------------- carries air directly into a respiratory bronchiole

G) ----------------- surround the lungs

H) ------------------ reduces surface tension at sites of gas exchange

i) -------------------- actual sites of gas exchange

j) --------------------- normal, quiet breathing

k) ----------------------- shallow breathing using just the external intercostal muscles

l) ------------------ amount of effort required to expand the lungs and chest wall

m) ------------------- tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume, usually about 3600 mL in males

n) ----------------- tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume; usually about 4800 mL in males

o) ------------------- residual volume + expiratory reserve volume; usually about 2400 mL in males

p) -------------------- states that the amount of gas that will dissolve in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas and its solubility

q) ---------------- when pH decreases, O2 saturation of hemoglobin decreases

r) ------------------ each gas in a mixture of gases exerts its own partial pressure

s) ------------------- sets basic rhythm of breathing

t) ------------------------ includes the pontine respiratory group

1. Match the word 1-39 above, with the descriptions labled k-t. Word 1-39 can be uses only one please!!

1. alveolar macrophages 2. alveoli 3. Bohr effect 4. bronchi 5. bronchiole 6. cerebral cortex 7. chloride shift 8. compliance 9. costal breathing 10. Dalton’s law 11. diaphragmatic breathing 12. epiglottis 13. eupnea 14. expiratory reserve volume 15. fauces 16. functional residual capacity 17. Haldane effect 18. Henry’s law 19. hilum 20. hypothalamus 21. inferior, middle, and superior nasal meatuses 22. inspiratory capacity 23. larynx 24. limbic system 25. medulla oblongata 26. nose 27. paranasal sinuses 28. pharynx 29. pleural membranes 30. pons 31. primary bronchus 32. secondary bronchus 33. surface tension 34. surfactant 35. terminal bronchiole 36. tertiary bronchus 37. total lung capacity 38. trachea 39. vital capacity

k) ----------------------- shallow breathing using just the external intercostal muscles

l) ------------------ amount of effort required to expand the lungs and chest wall

m) ------------------- tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume, usually about 3600 mL in males

n) ----------------- tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume; usually about 4800 mL in males

o) ------------------- residual volume + expiratory reserve volume; usually about 2400 mL in males

p) -------------------- states that the amount of gas that will dissolve in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of that gas and its solubility

q) ---------------- when pH decreases, O2 saturation of hemoglobin decreases

r) ------------------ each gas in a mixture of gases exerts its own partial pressure

s) ------------------- sets basic rhythm of breathing

t) ------------------------ includes the pontine respiratory group

31. Which of the following statements is true if onemaintains a high level of physical activity throughout life?

Slower decline in reaction time and recovery time in the musclesystem
Slower increase in processing impulses by the CNS
Slower increase in fat and fibers in the muscle system
Slower increase in bone minerals in the skeletal system

32. Which of the following is not an age relatedchange associated with the lens?

Decline in transparency to all colors of light
Formation of new capillaries in the lens
Reduction in the ability to refract light
Decrease in the elasticity of the lens

33. What is the definition of tidal volume?

the volume of air inspired equals the volume expired atrest
the most air a person can inspire when taking a deepbreath
the amount of air left in the lungs following fullexpiration
the total amount of air that can be in lungs at any onetime

34. What is the most common type of arthritis inadults?

Rheumatoid arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Gout

35. A pannus is a destructive type of tissueassociated with which condition?

Emphysema
Colitis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoporosis

36. Tremors, muscle stiffness, inability to completea motion after it was initiated, loss of balance, weakness, and astooped posture are all signs of which disease?

Stroke
Alzheimers
Parkinson's
Multi-infarct dementia

37. Which type of muscle fiber is considered to be'fast contracting and resistant to fatigue'?

Type I
Type IIA
Type IIB
Type IIC

38. Which statement regarding crush fractures istrue?

they only occur when lifting or carrying a heavy object
the patient tends to lean backwards to take the pressure offthe fracture
pulmonary and circulatory systems are not effected by thefracture
nerve function may be compromised by pinching of the bonepieces

39. Which of the following statements regardingdecubitus ulcers is true?

cells start dying if blood flow is reduced for an hour
ulcers heal quickly if they are treated appropriately
the legs are the most susceptible body part
pressure and immobility are the main causes

40. Which of the following increases the risk ofage-related macular degeneration?

Hypotension
Diabetes
Cataracts
Atherosclerosis