MEDN2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Juxtaglomerular Apparatus, Distal Convoluted Tubule, Proximal Tubule
Document Summary
The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a specialised structure that regulates renal blood flow. Maintain blood within narrow window such that any change in blood pressure (like higher after exercise) - kidney dilates blood vessels. The tubule components of the nephron include the proximal tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct. The vasa recta is comprised of the capillary networks that supply blood to the medulla, and are highly permeable to solute and water. The major functions of segments of the nephron. 20% of the blood entering the afferent arterioles is filtered by the kidney - this is the amount removed. The glomerular filtration barrier between the glomerular capillary lumen and bowman"s space comprises four elements with different functional properties: The endothelial glycocalyx - lipid and protein complexed with carbohydrates. Sugars are negatively charged - lots of sugars in kidney - thought to repel proteins in the blood. Endothelial cells produce things like collagen to attach to.
