HLSC120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Stolen Generations, Sadrist Movement, Constitution Of Australia
Protection period (1788 to 1890s)
● Protection through regulated co existence
○ ‘Smooth the pillow of a dying race’
● English government pressured by Aborigines Protection Society for peaceful
colonisation and recognise Aboriginal needs
● The Aboriginal Protection Act, enacted in 1869 by the colony of Victoria, Australia
gave extensive powers over the lives of Aboriginal people to the government’s Board
for the Protection of Aborigines, including regulation of residence, employment and
marriage
● Governor Phillip (1788) to protect ‘natives’ and gradually assimilate
● Aboriginal Protectors appointed but uninformed and under resourced
● Aboriginals soon became ‘Fringe dwellers’ living in poverty, but active resistance
occurring
● Protection through segregation
○ Mission stations and reserves developed
○ Curfews for Aboriginals accessing towns
○ Forced to go to missions for food (Govt handouts)
○ Languages disallowed
○ Massacres continued
○ Native Police set up
Assimilation policy (1930-1960)
● Scientific research to prove White Intellectual superiority and progression of
civilisation verses ‘noble savages’ who would die out
● Removal of infants - no maternal consent
● Chief protectors - legal guardians
● Segregation of ‘full bloods’ from ‘half castes’. Breed out colour
○ A.O Neville: “In 50 years...no Aboriginals”
○ Bleakley: “Preserves purity of the white race.”
Integration policy (1960s-70s)
● Aboriginal heroes arise in science, music, sport
● Aboriginal resistance
○ ‘Freedom ride’ occurs (1965)
○ Tent Embassy (1972)
● Politicians vocal about atrocities to Aboriginals
● Public awareness raised
● 1967 Australian Referendum for:
○ Aboriginal inclusion in Census statistics
○ Federal Government to legislate in Aboriginal matters
Self determination policy (1970s-)
● Led by Prime Minister Whitlam
● Involvement of Aboriginals in developing Government Policies
○ Land rights policy
○ Black organisations funded more realistically
○ Aboriginals included in public service; Accepted as members of Boards;
● Formation of Organisation to determine Aboriginal affairs
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Document Summary
English government pressured by aborigines protection society for peaceful colonisation and recognise aboriginal needs. The aboriginal protection act, enacted in 1869 by the colony of victoria, australia gave extensive powers over the lives of aboriginal people to the government"s board for the protection of aborigines, including regulation of residence, employment and marriage. Governor phillip (1788) to protect natives" and gradually assimilate. Aboriginal protectors appointed but uninformed and under resourced. Aboriginals soon became fringe dwellers" living in poverty, but active resistance occurring. Forced to go to missions for food (govt handouts) Scientific research to prove white intellectual superiority and progression of civilisation verses noble savages" who would die out. Removal of infants - no maternal consent. Segregation of full bloods" from half castes". Bleakley: preserves purity of the white race. Aboriginal heroes arise in science, music, sport. Federal government to legislate in aboriginal matters. Aboriginals included in public service; accepted as members of boards;
