BMSC101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nuclear Membrane, Lipid Bilayer

55 views2 pages

peartortoise55

17 Jun 2018

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

· Microfilaments (actin filaments)

o Thin, flexible, short fibres concentrated below the plasma membrane

throughout the cell

o Binds to other proteins

o Function: enables cell to move (pseudopodia) and allows cells to contract

(along with myosin)

· Centrosome

o Centre of growth of microtubles

o Consists of a pair of centrioles at right angles

o Used in mitosis and meiosis

· Centrioles

· Ribosomes

o Made of rRNA and proteins

o Not enclosed by membrane

o Function: manufacture proteins

o Free in cytoplasm or attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum

1.6 List the organelles that have a double membrane and explain why

Single membrane

Double

membrane

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplasts

• Endoplasmic

reticulum

• Golgi body

• nucleus

• Lysosomes

• Peroxisomes

• vacuoles

• Ribosomes

• Centrioles

• Nucleolus

1.7 Describe in general terms the role of the nucleus in the cell, including the:

· Nuclear envelope

• Aka nuclear membrane

• Made of two lipid bilayer membranes (inner and outer nuclear

membrane)

· Nuclear pores

find more resources at oneclass.com

Unlock document

This preview shows half of the first page of the document.
Unlock all 2 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

Document Summary

Microfilaments (actin filaments: thin, flexible, short fibres concentrated below the plasma membrane throughout the cell, binds to other proteins, function: enables cell to move (pseudopodia) and allows cells to contract (along with myosin) Centrosome: centre of growth of microtubles, consists of a pair of centrioles at right angles, used in mitosis and meiosis. Ribosomes: made of rrna and proteins, not enclosed by membrane, function: manufacture proteins, free in cytoplasm or attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum. 1. 6 list the organelles that have a double membrane and explain why. No membrane: mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic, lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, ribosomes, centrioles, nucleolus reticulum, golgi body, nucleus. 1. 7 describe in general terms the role of the nucleus in the cell, including the: Nuclear envelope: aka nuclear membrane, made of two lipid bilayer membranes (inner and outer nuclear membrane) Nuclear pores: holes in the nuclear envelope/membrane that allows materials to move between the cytosol and the nucleus.

Related Questions

One effective learning strategy when trying to learn largeamounts of factual information is to group items, or âchunkâ. Youshould include all important structures of the cell (this includescell membrane and membrane adaptations as well as organelles).Examples of general categories could be location, function,morphology, etc. Your categorization groups must tell the viewersomething about the structures. Once your structures are groupedaccording to the characteristics they share, you should include ashort phrase about what differentiates them from each other withinthe group. Citation of your source material must be present.

List of Organelles:

Nucleus, Nuclear envelope/membrane, Nucleolus, Ribosomes,Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Mitochondria, Plasmamembrane, Cytoskeleton, Transport/secretory vesicles,Phagosomes/endosomes-including sorting & recycling endosomes,Lysosomes, Peroxisomes, Lipid droplets, Glycogen granules

I started this assignment and was going to go withfunction and morphology. Below is what I have so far, but I'mhaving a difficult time coming up with a short phrase for each anddistinguishing between the organelles that can change shape/morphand those that cannot. I am open to changing the categories that Ihave chosen to chunk. I've never used this technique before so it'sa new concept for me.

Function

Protein Synthesis â Nucleus, Nuclear envelope, Nuclear porecomplex, Ribosomes, Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus,Plasma membrane

Energy Production â Mitochondria, Lipid droplets, Glycogengranules

Transportation â Transport vesicles, Phagosomes,Cytoskeleton

Metabolism â Lysosomes aid in digestion, Peroxisomes oxidizefatty acids

Morphology

Ability to change shape â Mitochondria, Cell membrane, Nuclearenvelope,

Inability to change shape â Nucleus, Nuclear envelope,

erinporpoise390

QUESTION 30

The function of centrosome is:

	1.	Microtubule initiation and organization in animal cells
	2.	Organization of thin filaments
	3.	Depolymerization of microtubules
	4.	Organization of intermediate filaments

2.5 points

QUESTION 31

The destinations of proteins synthesized on "free" ribomsomes include:

	1.	Endoplasmic reticulum
	2.	Nucleus
	3.	Mitochondria
	4.	Lysosomes

2.5 points

QUESTION 32

Microtubules can be assembled and disassembled quickly in response to the cellular changes is because:

	1.	Cells synthesize tubulin proteins very fast.
	2.	Cells can turn other cytoskeletal filaments into microtubules
	3.	Microtubules have an instable plus end and microtubules are probably organized by weak non-covalent interactions
	4.	The motor proteins of microtubules can organize the microtubules in response to the cellular changes

2.5 points

QUESTION 33

Both signal recognition particle and a translocon in rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane can recognize and bind to the signal sequence of a secretory protein, so they play the exact same role during protein co-translational translocation.

True

False

2.5 points

QUESTION 34

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is so named is because:

	1.	It has many proteins associated with its surface.
	2.	It has ribosomes associated with its cytosolic surface.
	3.	It is associated with nuclear membrane.
	4.	It has vesicles budding off its surface.

2.5 points

QUESTION 35

The membrane vesicles that transport materials between membrane compartments have a protein coat. The protein coat has similar functions in different vesicles. These functions include:

	1.	Help the enclosed material fold correctly.
	2.	Help degrade the protein in the vesicles
	3.	Maintain the internal pH of the vesicles
	4.	Function as mechanical device to form a vesicle and select the components to be carried by a vesicle.

2.5 points

QUESTION 36

Lysosomes are important for:

	1.	Receptor-mediated endocytosis.
	2.	Breaking down foreign particles brought into the cells by endosomes
	3.	Regulating the process of organelle turnover.
	4.	Protein trafficking between membrane compartments

2.5 points

QUESTION 37

Which of the following is correct about membrane biosynthesis?

	1.	Membranes are synthesized in Golgi Complex.
	2.	Membranes arise from preexisting endoplasmic reticulum membranes.
	3.	Membranes are synthesized on ribosomes.
	4.	Membranes of all organelles have the same composition of proteins and lipids, since they all originate from endoplasmic reticulum.

2.5 points

QUESTION 38

During skeletal muscle contractions, the shortening of the muscle fibers is because of:

		The shortening of the thin and thick myofilaments.
		The shortening of the cytoskeletal filaments.
		The kinesin proteins moving over microtubules.
		The actin and myosin filaments sliding over each other.

2.5 points

QUESTION 39

The assembly and disassembly of microtubules is regulated by rate of growth and shrinkage of the plus end.

True

False

2.5 points

QUESTION 40

The functions of Golgi complex include:

	1.	O-linked oligosaccharides and most of a cellâs complex polysaccharides are assembled in Golgi complex
	2.	Cis Golgi complex sorts proteins
	3.	Trans Golgi complex segregates proteins in different types of vesicles for dilevery.
	4.	N-linked oligosaccharides are further processed in Golgi complex

ochrecoyote721

Question 401 pts

Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 411 pts

When an electron is transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms are then electrically attracted to one another, a(n) ________________ bond is formed.

Flag this Question

Question 421 pts

Changing the number of ____________ of an atom would change the chemical properties of the atom.

Flag this Question

Question 431 pts

Forming molecules and breaking down molecules in biological organisms usually requires the use of _________ to help the reaction proceed faster.

Flag this Question

Question 441 pts

Organic molecules have a core composed of .

Flag this Question

Question 451 pts

The building blocks of carbohydrates are

Flag this Question

Question 461 pts

Water molecules crossing a membrane from high to low concentration is .

active transport

cell fate

facilitated diffusion

osmosis

Flag this Question

Question 471 pts

Choose the membrane molecule responsible for the passage of polar molecules and ions into and out of the cell.

phospholipids

transmembrane channel proteins

cell surface proteins

carbohydrate chains

Flag this Question

Question 481 pts

The simplest cells are .

Flag this Question

Question 491 pts

Which of the following membrane bound organelles are found inside bacterial cells:

nucleus

organelles are not found in prokaryotic cells

mitochondria

chloroplasts

Flag this Question

Question 501 pts

Which of the following is a specialized components of the cell, is associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and is responsible for making proteins.

Flag this Question

Question 511 pts

Proteins are sorted, modified, and packaged by the _____________ and later transported to the outside of the cell.

ribosomes

golgi bodies (golgi apparatus)

nucleus

mitochondria

Flag this Question

Question 521 pts

Dehydration synthesis is a process of linking two smaller subunits together to form a polymer. Which of the following statements below is true of dehydration synthesis?

Oxygen is consumed.

A water molecule is removed from the molecules.

A water molecule is added to the molecules

Carbon dioxide is given off.

Flag this Question

Question 531 pts

Proteins are made up of _________ held together by peptide bonds.

Flag this Question

Question 541 pts

Which of the following gives an amino acid its properties?

NH2

R Group or functional group

COOH

Flag this Question

Question 551 pts

The final three-dimensional shape of a protein that includes the bonding of two or more polypeptide chains is call its _____ structure.

Flag this Question

Question 561 pts

How do DNA and RNA differ?

all statements are differences between DNA and RNA.

DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded.

They have different sugars.

Thymine is present in DNA but not in RNA.

Flag this Question

Question 571 pts

Which of the following is a component of a DNA nucleotide?

phosphate

a nitrogen containing base

All are components of a nucleotide.

5-carbon sugar

Flag this Question

Question 581 pts

Cell membranes are made up of several different types of molecules. Select the membrane molecule below that is made up of a polar region and two non-polar fatty acid tails.

transmembrane proteins

carbohydrate chains

phospholipids

cell surface proteins

Flag this Question

Question 591 pts

Two organelles which are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are ____________ and ______________.

chloroplasts and mitochondria

golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum

ribosomes and nucleolus

peroxisomes and lysosomes

Flag this Question

Question 601 pts

The is an extensive system of internal membranes responsible for producing carbohydrates and lipids.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

rough endoplasmic reticulum

nucleolus

mitochondria

sangriarat617

BMSC101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nuclear Membrane, Lipid Bilayer

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BMSC101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Adenosine Triphosphate, Intermediate Filament, Endoplasmic Reticulum

BIOL 130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Cell Membrane, Protein Folding, Lipid Bilayer

BIOB32H3 Lecture Notes - Resting Potential, Ubiquitin, Meiosis

Related Questions