BIOL 110 Chapter Notes - Chapter Tutorial 7: Signal Recognition Particle, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum

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18 Feb 2017
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Tutorial 7: subcellular architecture of the eukaryotic cell. Introduction to the subcellular organization of eukaryotic cells: o(cid:373)e prokar(cid:455)otes have orga(cid:374)elles; (cid:373)ost do(cid:374)"t, eukar(cid:455)otes" orga(cid:374)elles are (cid:373)ore (cid:272)o(cid:373)ple(cid:454) membrane-bound, organelles are responsible for a variety of integral functions. What holds the cell together: microfilaments: strings of the protein actin responsible for motility (all muscular contractions are the result of interactions between actin and myosin) - smallest. Intermediate filaments: fibrous proteins wrapped to for(cid:373) a (cid:862)(cid:272)a(cid:271)le(cid:863) (looks like steel cable) structure and organelle support middle size: microtubules: paired rows of the protein tubulin (tube-shaped) integral in mitosis and structural support largest. Lysosomes: break down organic molecules, extracellular molecules are first brought to the lysosome by vesicles, hydrolytic enzymes (hydrolases) inside the lysosome begin to break down, only active within the lysosome. Tay-sachs: gangliosides are carbohydrate-containing lipids which can cause diseases like tay-sachs when excessively accumulated in the brain, hexosaminidase a specifically breaks down gangliosides to keep the system in balance, hex.

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