BIOL 11000 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Rna Splicing, Missense Mutation, Nonsense Mutation

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sangriadeer675

29 Aug 2016

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Distinguish between transcription and translation transcription: the info in a dna sequence is copied into a complementary rna sequence translation: the rna sequence is used to create the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide. Transcription initiation transcription factors bind to regulatory regions of a gene and it recruits the rna polymerase to the promoter. Rna polymerase synthesizes the rna stand by polymerizing nucleotides together; 2 dna strands are separated; uses base- pair rules to determine sequence; builds rna 5" to 3" Transcription termination termination signals include sequence info and structure of the. Features and parts of a eukaryotic gene introns: non-coding regions that interrupt coding regions exons: coding regions, these are expressed after splicing. 20 different amino acids made by 4 bases; bases form codons which have 3 bases; each codon specifies a particular amino acid. Translation initiation small ribosomal sub-unit binds to mrna; initiator trna binds to mrna; large subunit is added, placing initiator trna in p site.

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Match the following:

1	Region which lies upstream of thetranslation start site contains the Shine Dalgarno sequence
2	Sequence added to the 3' end of thepre-mRNA which affects mRNA stability
3	Establishes the reading frame andspecifies the first amino acid of the protein chain
4	DNA sequence that the transcriptionapparatus recognizes and binds to initiate transcription
5	Expressed sequences of DNA that arenot removed during alternative splicing
6	Signals the end of translation andthe protein molecule
7	Group of three nucleotides that codefor an amino acid
8	Site begins the coding region of thegene and is located 25-30 nucleotides downstream of the TATAbox
9	Non-coding sequences of DNA thatintervene within coding regions of a gene
	10 Ribosome binding site ineukaryotes; functions in the initiation of translation and mRNAstability
11	A sequence which lies downstream ofthe coding region of the gene; determines the location of the 3'cleavage site in the pre-mRNA molecule
12	Sequence of nucleotides at the 3' endof the mRNA that is not translated into protein; affects thetranslation and stability of the mRNA molecule

A.	5' untranslated region
B.	AAUAAA consensus sequence
C.	Promoter
D.	Transcription start site
E.	3' untranslated region
F.	Introns
G.	Initiation codon (AUG)
H.	Poly(A) tail
I.	5' cap
J.	Termination codon (UAA, UGA, UAG)
K.	Exons
L.	Sense codon

ivorymacaw91

Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?

		mRNA
		rRNA
		tRNA
		snRNA
		Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA.

1 points

QUESTION 2

The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:

		origin
		promoter
		enhancer
		none of the above are correct

1 points

QUESTION 3

Holoenzyme:

		is RNA polymerase core enzyme.
		is sigma factor.
		is core plus sigma factor.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?

		The closed promoter complex
		The open promoter complex
		A rho-independent terminator
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 5

A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:

		is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator.
		is the sequence recognized by the rho protein.
		is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination.
		is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed.

1 points

QUESTION 6

RNA polymerase:

		reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction.
		synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
		can begin transcription without a primer.
		all of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 7

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

		Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor.
		RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity.
		The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region.
		Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination.

1 points

QUESTION 8

If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:

		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'.
		the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'.
		None of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 9

The sense strand:

		is the lagging strand
		is also the template strand.
		always goes left to right.
		none of the above are correct.

1 points

QUESTION 10

Which of these is transcribed but not translated?

		mRNA
		tRNA
		rRNA
		all of the above
		tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated.

please help i am a bit confused

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

BIOL 11000 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Rna Splicing, Missense Mutation, Nonsense Mutation

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