The field unit weight of soil is 16 kN   per cubic meters. If the water content is 13% and specific gravity of soil is 2.5, determine the following:

a.) Dry Unit Weight
b.) Void Ratio
c.) Degree of Saturation

Degree of saturation?

Producer gas is fuel gas that is manufactured by blowing a coke or coal with air and steam simultaneously. It mainly consists of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, as well as substantial amounts of nitrogen. The caloric value of the producer gas is low. Such a producer gas contains 28% CO, 3.5% CO2, 0.5% 02 and 68% N2. 100 kg of this gas is burned with 20% excess air. If the combustion is only 90% complete, determine the following:

(a) The composition of the flue gas

(b) The weight of the gaseous products

(c) If the excess air increased to 40%, whether the combustion reaction in completed? Justify your anaswer.

Air at T1 = 300 K, P1 = 303 kPa and V1 = 0.5 m/s enters the venturi scrubbers as shown in the following figure. The air leaves the venturi at T2 = 220 K and P2 = 101 kPa; A1 = 0.6 m² and A2 = 0.1 m². Determine the horizontal force required to hold the venturi stationary. Assume R = 0.287 kJ/ (kg.K)