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30 Oct 2021

Given information

The heat of hydration for lithium chloride and sodium chloride must be computed using the provided data, and the cation with the strongest ion-dipole interaction with water must be identified from among the lithium and sodium cations.

The lattice energy of lithium chloride is .

The heat of the solution of lithium chloride is .

The lattice energy of sodium chloride is .

The heat of solution of sodium chloride is .

Step-by-step explanation

Step 1.

The heat of the solution is as follows:

     ................ (1)

Here,

the energy required to break bonds between ions.
 
the energy released during bond formation of ions with water.
 
The relationship between lattice energy and enthalpy of solute is as follows:

................ (2)

 

 

 

 

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