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Biology
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13 Dec 2019

Regulatory elements are:

A. genes that control the expression of other genes.
B. minerals that bind enzymes as cofactors, regulating theirfunction.
C. sequences that help control transcription.
D. structural genes that are regulated.
E. None of the above.

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Related questions

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

- Review the levels of control of gene expression that include:

1. Chromatin structure and role of chemical modifications of DNA and histones, as

the first Γ’Β€ΒœonҀ switch for turning on eukaryotic gene expression. Define the term

epigenetics.

2. Structural components of eukaryotic genes: coding and proximal and distal

regulatory sequences (enhancers and silencers), and their function. Role and

binding sites of transcription factors and activator and repressor proteins.

3. Transcriptional and post transcriptional levels

4. Pre and post translational control levels

16. Although organisms often share similar genes, they may have significant phenotypic differences. Which staemnts explains why this may occur

a. although sna is always expressed, the gene products may not be used by the organism.

b. Gene expression is controlled by regulatory genes, elements, and transcription factors.

c. not all organisms have control mechanics, so genes may be overexpressed or not expressed at all

d. The types of nitrogenous bases differ between organisms, causing gene sequence to produce different proteins.

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