CHEM 1103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Endergonic Reaction, Exergonic Reaction, Spontaneous Process

• School: University of Arkansas
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 1103
• Professor: Matthew Gerner

Document Summary

Cellular bioenergetics: definition the 3 laws of thermodynamics. The total amount of energy in the universe is constant. State functions depend only on initial and final state (independent of the path taken to get there) Definition of 1st law: the total amount of energy in the universe is constant. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be transformed from one form into another. E = q + w (energy=heat absorb by a system +work done by a system) H = e + pv (enthalpy=pressure-volume work done on or by a system) Definition: the disorder of the universe always increases. In other words, all chemical and physical processes occur spontaneously only when the disorder of the universe increases. Spontaneous = physical or chemical changes that occur with the release of energy. Entropy (s) = degree of system disorder: more disorder, greater s value. S is positive for a spontaneous process, suniv > 0 spontaneous.