CHEM 1103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 43: Pyruvic Acid, Peroxisome, Lipogenesis

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Depends on the needs of the body: used to synthesize triacylglycerols (lipogenesis) for storage. Opposite process is promoted by glucagon (breakdown of triacylglycerols to free fatty acids: degraded to generate energy. Lipolysis (breakdown triacylglycerol to free fatty acids) is promoted when energy reserves are low: triggered by glucagon and epinephrine, used in membrane synthesis. Lipogenesis: synthesis of triacylglycerols: occurs in liver, stored in adipose tissue, process starts with dhap and proceeds through the addition of three fatty acid tails and several bond rearrangements, process uses nadh or nadph. How much energy can come from this: things to consider: For every acetyl-coa produced, one fadh2 and one nadh are released. For a typically fatty acid, like palmitic acid (16 carbons) this can add up. Subtract 2 atp for the conversion of palmitic acid to palmitoyl-coa. Thus, a net of 106 atp molecules are produced: peroxisomes also can perform b-oxidation.