BIOL 2040 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Noncoding Dna, Genome Size, Human Genome

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19 Apr 2016
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To calculate junk dna: total genome size (gene# *average protein mass/average amino mass * 3) Human genome size: 3gbp ~ 20,000 genes. Activity glu-ala for example, changes for different enzyme. Level if enhancer is effected (x-ray) then lower level of transcription occurs. Chromosomal landscape: no linear correlation between size of genome and complexity of organism. Direction of transcription is more or less random across the genome. Gof vs lof: lof much more likely to occur, but this is not necessarily a disadvantage for evolution! 1910: we decided to name genes after phenotypes. ~ 80% of molecular biology comes from drosophila melanogaster; best molecularly understood animal on the planet! Many human genes share names with fly genes. Function of a gene is mediated by 2 mechanisms: Sonic hedgehog gene (shh): important for early embryonic development; limb morphogenesis. 1 nucleotide change results in polydactyly (extra fingers, technically a gof for the gene that produces fingers.

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