Electrical and Computer Engineering 2277A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Clock Signal, Sequential Circuits, Logic Level

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Sequential circuit: a digital circuit that includes feedback connections and/or storage elements. Current output values depend on current and past input values, current and past output values, and current and past states of storage elements. Internal states and outputs may change at any time. Circuit with storage elements whose state can change only at discrete time intervals controlled by a clock signal use edge-triggered storage elements called flip flops. Clock signal is usually a periodic train of square pulses: Transitions of feedback signals (states) are synchronized by clock signal, thereby preventing instability. Latch: level-triggered storage element state can change only when clock signal is at a specified logic level. Flip flop: edge-triggered storage element state can change only when clock signal transitions from one logic level to another. Synchronous sequential circuits almost always employ flip flops. Latches are the building blocks of flip flops and are used directly in asynchronous circuits.

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