REC100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: National Basketball Association, U Sports, National Hockey League
5 Jun 2018
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Module 11 – PA Leisure and Sport
Sport in a Canadian Context
Ways that Canadians become involved in sport: Indirect & Direct
Trussell (2013) lists the three levels of sport:
1. Community organizations and schools: 2 ways that sporting opportunities for youth are
delivered.
4 Types of community sport programs:
a. Agency-based programs: those are run through membership fees, fundraising or
sponsorship. (Hockey Canada)
b. National youth organizations (Boys and Girls club)
c. Private sports clubs: Require parents to pay significant fees and /or fundraise (gymnastics
or figure skating)
d. Municipal programs: provided by city or town, usually offered at an introductory or
recreational level and are relatively affordable)
2. Intercollegiate sport:
a. is governed by Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS)
b. Universities in Canada typically have a department focused on athletics and house athletic
facilities (e.g., arenas and fields) where their teams compete
3. Highly Professionalized leagues:
The major professional team sports leagues in NA are:
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• The National Football League (NFL),
• The National Hockey League (NHL),
• The National Basketball Association (NBA),
• Major League Baseball (MLB)
• The Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA)
Canadians are active in many different sports. BUT 他们大部分只参了极少种类的 sports
Men: Soccer, ice hockey, golf
Women: golf, swimming, soccer
Children: soccer
2 National sports
summer: lacrosse Winter: Ice hockey
Canadian sport trends
o The national rates of participation in sport decline since 1992, beginning at
age 15
o Men are more likely to participate than women
o Sport participation is impacted by both education and income
o Participation constraints are lack of time and interest
o Benefit of participating sports are fun and relaxation
The top 4 are the most popular, be
support by fans, media interest and
revenue
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o Who participate has higher levels of life satisfaction
Benefits of Sport Participation
Benefits to individuals
o physical health/fitness
o improve psychological wellbeing by lowering stress and anxiety and reducing the
symptoms of depression
o psychosocial and social health benefits: (building character and competence, emotional
regulation, positive affect, self-control, cooperation, increased respect for teachers and
neighbours, sportsmanship, teamwork skills, and improved social self-concept)
Benefits to communities
o social solidarity, community or national pride, improved infrastructure (e.g., local
parks or major stadiums), and economic impacts (i.e., through ticket sales and tourism)
o marker of integration.
o enabling resettled refugees to foster social relationships
o to helping define a nation
Challenging Topics Within Sport
3 Major Challenges of discrimination:
o eliminating racial and ethnic exclusion in sport participation,
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