HIST 249 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Bioethics, Nuremberg Code, Human Subject Research
Document Summary
How did medicine and health care change during the 19th and 20th century. One of the things that has been emphasised is the increasingly signi cant role of research. This is an innovation in a variety of ways. During the 19th century, there were small numbers of doctors who consider themselves researches and scientists but these were small numbers. Few doctors through of themselves as advancing medical knowledge their role was to provide diagnosis, therapy, advice . Edward jenner"s intervention with vaccine was a form of human experimentation. He had no idea what the results would actually be. Many people started to see themselves as researchers. Their relationship to their patients was no longer exclusively therapeutic. Some patients at least became clinical material who could teach doctors and medical clinical scientists about the nature of disease. One of the things that made it possible was a changing doctor-patient relationship in hospitals which gave researchers a poor population.