PHED-4547EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Acute Pancreatitis, Pancreatic Islets, Pancreatic Juice

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Chapter 22 the pancreas and diabetes mellitus. Two glands in one: digestive gland (80% of cells carry out this function, endocrine gland. Exocrine function: exocrine tissue of the pancreas: concerned solely with digestion, secretes alkaline pancreatic juice rich in digestive enzymes into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct to aid digestion, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Endocrine function: endocrine tissue of the pancreas. Insulin is necessary to allow glucose to be transported into the cell: delta cells: secrete somatostatin; inhibit secretion of glucagon and insulin (too much could increase blood glucose and could lead to gallstones) Pathogenesis: escape of pancreatic juice from the ducts into the pancreatic tissue, pancreatic digestive enzymes cause destruction of the pancreatic acinar (small lobules of glands) and severe hemorrhage. Involves active secretion of pancreatic juice despite an obstructed pancreatic duct at its entrance into the duodenum: resulting buildup of pancreatic juice increases pressure within the duct system, causing ducts to rupture.

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