PHED-3117EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Intervertebral Disc, Vertebra, Thoracic Vertebrae
27 Apr 2020
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Chapter 11 cervical and thoracic spinal conditions. Spinal cord: vertebrae, cervical (convex anteriorly) 7, thoracic (concave anteriorly) 12, lumbar (convex anteriorly) 5, sacral (concave anteriorly) 5 (fused, coccyx 4 (fused) Structure: rigid enough to support body and protect spinal cord, flexible enough to produce a variety of movements. Cervical: 7 vertebrae form curve convex anteriorly, atlas, 1st vertebra, no body filled with odontoid process, function: support the head, axis, 2nd vertebra, odontoid process tooth-like, allows head to rotate. Thoracic: 12 vertebrae form curve concave anteriorly, extra facets for articulation with ribs. Vertebral structure: body, vertebral arch, superior and inferior articular processes, facet joints, spinous process, transverse processes. Motion segment: functional unit, any 2 adjacent vertebrae and soft tissues between them. Intervertebral discs: components, annulus fibrosus, thick fibrous ring, nucleus pulposus, gelatinous interior, function, shock absorption, allow spine to bend. Ligaments: anterior longitudinal, posterior longitudinal, ligamentum flavum. Nerve plexus: cervical (c1-c4, brachial (c5-t1)
